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Diaz-Garcia H, Vilchis-Gil J, Castro-Cerritos KV, Rivera-Susunaga LE, Klünder-Klünder M, Granados-Riveron JT, Gómez-López J, López-Torres A, Sánchez-Urbina R. Association between maternal diet, smoking, and the placenta MTHFR 677C/T genotype and global placental DNA methylation. Placenta 2024; 146:17-24. [PMID: 38160599 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The placenta provides nutrients to the fetus, and it has protective effects against harmful substances. Unhealthy maternal diets and toxic agents might increase free radical (FR) production. Elevated FR levels are associated with a high risk of oxidative stress, which may cause DNA damage. DNA might be oxidized in the placenta, occasionally affecting its methylation profile due to 8-hidroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation. METHODS This study assessed 130 mothers and their children. The maternal's nutritional patterns were determined using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Information on smoking and alcohol consumption was collected during the medical examination. Data on placental DNA were obtained to determine the MTHFR 677C/T genotype and the proportion of placental DNA methylation (pDNAm). RESULTS Consumption of vitamins and folic acid was above 85%. The pDNAm was found to be correlated with gestational age and coffee intake. Mothers with a smoking history had a low pDNAm. Placentas with the TT genotype had a higher but not significant pDNAm. In the placentas with the CC/CT genotype, the pDNAm was positively associated with carbohydrate and biotin intake. However, the TT genotype was negatively associated with folate and vegetable intake. DISCUSSION The pDNAm was positively associated with coffee intake, but not with macro-, and micronutrient intake. However, it was negatively associated with cigarette smoking. The placentas with the CC/CT genotype had a lower pDNAm than those with the TT genotype. In the placentas with the CC/CT or TT genotype, methylation was positively, and negatively associated with micro- or macronutrients, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Diaz-Garcia
- Centro de Investigación en Malformaciones Congénitas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; Escuela Superior de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Jenny Vilchis-Gil
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica en Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Luis E Rivera-Susunaga
- Centro de Investigación en Malformaciones Congénitas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Miguel Klünder-Klünder
- Subdirección de la Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Javier T Granados-Riveron
- Centro de Investigación en Malformaciones Congénitas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Jaqueline Gómez-López
- Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatología, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Mexico City 11200, Mexico
| | - Adolfo López-Torres
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301, Mexico
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Urbina
- Centro de Investigación en Malformaciones Congénitas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
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Peña-Rico MA, Bravo-D HR, Roldan-Sabino C, Castro-Cerritos KV, Huerta-Heredia A, Navarro-Mtz AK. Addition of proteinase K during the culture alter the physiology of Bacillus thuringiensis culture and the cry1Ac, nprX, nprA, and spo0A gene transcription. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 115:89-102. [PMID: 34797466 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis is the major bioinsecticide worldwide produced due to the Cry protein activity. Several studies have been done to improve the cost-productivity relation. The neutral protease A (NprA) is the major extracellular protein massively produced during the stationary phase by this bacterium, contributing to the Cry proteins' degradation. Also, the deletion of aprA and nprA genes enhanced the yield of Cry protein, stabilizing it. Therefore, to increase Cry production, one possibility is to degrade the NprA protease in the culture media. In the present study, proteinase K was used to hydrolyze the NprA to increase Cry production. Proteinase K was added during the exponential growth of B. thuringiensis culture. The bacilli and endospores were measured along all culture, while the Cry protein was measured at the end of the culture. The addition of PK affects the bacilli and spore kinetics positively but negatively to the Cry protein (there is no Cry protein detection). Therefore, the gene expression of the cry1Ac, nprX, nprA, and spo0A was measured. The expression of each gene was followed along all culture. Results demonstrated that PK alters both the transcriptional levels and the expression order of the genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Peña-Rico
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México
| | - Humberto R Bravo-D
- División de Estudios de Posgrado, Doctorado en Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México
| | - Crisanto Roldan-Sabino
- Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México
| | - Karla V Castro-Cerritos
- Instituto de Química Aplicada, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México
| | - Ariana Huerta-Heredia
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México.,CONACyT-UNPA, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México
| | - A Karin Navarro-Mtz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial, 68301, Tuxtepec, Oaxaca, México.
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