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Garcia-Solorio J, Núñez-Enriquez JC, Jiménez-Olivares M, Flores-Lujano J, Flores-Espino F, Molina-Garay C, Cervera A, Casique-Aguirre D, Peñaloza-Gonzalez JG, Baños-Lara MDR, García-Soto Á, Galván-Díaz CA, Olaya-Vargas A, Aguilar HF, Mata-Rocha M, Garrido-Hernández MÁ, Solís-Poblano JC, Luna-Silva NC, Cano-Cuapio LS, Aristil-Chery PM, Herrera-Quezada F, Carrillo-Sanchez K, Muñoz-Rivas A, Flores-Lagunes LL, Mendoza-Caamal EC, Villegas-Torres BE, González-Osnaya V, Jiménez-Hernández E, Torres-Nava JR, Martín-Trejo JA, Gutiérrez-Rivera MDL, Espinosa-Elizondo RM, Merino-Pasaye LE, Pérez-Saldívar ML, Jiménez-Morales S, Curiel-Quesada E, Rosas-Vargas H, Mejía-Arangure JM, Alaez-Verson C. IKZF1plus is a frequent biomarker of adverse prognosis in Mexican pediatric patients with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337954. [PMID: 38634053 PMCID: PMC11022689 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent genetic alterations contributing to leukemogenesis have been identified in pediatric B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL), and some are useful for refining classification, prognosis, and treatment selection. IKZF1plus is a complex biomarker associated with a poor prognosis. It is characterized by IKZF1 deletion coexisting with PAX5, CDKN2A/2B, or PAR1 region deletions. The mutational spectrum and clinical impact of these alterations have scarcely been explored in Mexican pediatric patients with B-ALL. Here, we report the frequency of the IKZF1plus profile and the mutational spectrum of IKZF1, PAX5, CDKN2A/2B, and ERG genes and evaluate their impact on overall survival (OS) in a group of patients with B-ALL. Methods A total of 206 pediatric patients with de novo B-ALL were included. DNA was obtained from bone marrow samples at diagnosis before treatment initiation. A custom-designed next-generation sequencing panel was used for mutational analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for OS estimation. Results We identified the IKZF1plus profile in 21.8% of patients, which was higher than that previously reported in other studies. A significantly older age (p=0.04), a trend toward high-risk stratification (p=0.06), and a decrease in 5-year Overall Survival (OS) (p=0.009) were observed, although heterogeneous treatment protocols in our cohort would have impacted OS. A mutation frequency higher than that reported was found for IKZF1 (35.9%) and CDKN2A/2B (35.9%) but lower for PAX5 (26.6%). IKZF1MUT group was older at diagnosis (p=0.0002), and most of them were classified as high-risk (73.8%, p=0.02), while patients with CDKN2A/2BMUT had a higher leukocyte count (p=0.01) and a tendency toward a higher percentage of blasts (98.6%, >50% blasts, p=0.05) than the non-mutated patients. A decrease in OS was found in IKZF1MUT and CDKN2A/2BMUT patients, but the significance was lost after IKZF1plus was removed. Discussion Our findings demonstrated that Mexican patients with B-ALL have a higher prevalence of genetic markers associated with poor outcomes. Incorporating genomic methodologies into the diagnostic process, a significant unmet need in low- and mid-income countries, will allow a comprehensive identification of relevant alterations, improving disease classification, treatment selection, and the general outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Garcia-Solorio
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Núñez-Enriquez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco Jiménez-Olivares
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Flores-Espino
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Molina-Garay
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Cervera
- Subdirección de Genómica Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Casique-Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Citómica del Cáncer Infantil, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Delegación Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ma. Del Rocío Baños-Lara
- Centro de Investigación Oncológica Una Nueva Esperanza, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ángel García-Soto
- Hospital General Centro Médico La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Olaya-Vargas
- Departamento de Oncologia, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilario Flores Aguilar
- Departamento de Inmunogenetica, Instituto de Diagnostico y Referencia Epidemiologicos (InDRE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Minerva Mata-Rocha
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Carlos Solís-Poblano
- Servicio de Oncohematología Pediátrica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro (IMSS) Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Manuel Ávila Camacho, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Nuria Citlalli Luna-Silva
- Servicio de Hemato-Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital de la Niñez Oaxaqueña "Dr. Guillermo Zárate Mijangos", Secretaria de Salud y Servicios de Salud Oaxaca (SSO), Oaxaca, Mexico
| | | | - Pierre Mitchel Aristil-Chery
- Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores al Servicio de los Poderes del Estado (ISSSTE) de Puebla, Departamento de Enseñanza e Investigació, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Fernando Herrera-Quezada
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karol Carrillo-Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anallely Muñoz-Rivas
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Vincent González-Osnaya
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediátrico Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Refugio Torres-Nava
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediátrico Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Martín-Trejo
- Servicio de Hematología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría “Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María de Lourdes Gutiérrez-Rivera
- Servicio de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría “Dr. Silvestre Frenk Freund”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Elizabeth Merino-Pasaye
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “20 de Noviembre”, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pérez-Saldívar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Medica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Precisión, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Everardo Curiel-Quesada
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Haydeé Rosas-Vargas
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Hospital de Pediatría, CMN Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Arangure
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Alaez-Verson
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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García-Solorio J, Martínez-Villegas O, Rodríguez-Corona U, Molina-Garay C, Jiménez-Olivares M, Carrillo-Sanchez K, Mendoza-Caamal EC, Muñoz-Rivas A, Villegas-Torres BE, Cervera A, Flores-Lagunes LL, Alaez-Verson C. Case report: A familial B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with a new germline pathogenic variant in PAX5. The first report in Mexico. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1355335. [PMID: 38571503 PMCID: PMC10987763 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1355335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is one of the most common childhood cancers worldwide. Although most cases are sporadic, some familial forms, inherited as autosomal dominant traits with incomplete penetrance, have been described over the last few years. Germline pathogenic variants in transcription factors such as PAX5, IKZF1, and ETV6 have been identified as causal in familial forms. The proband was a 7-year-old Mexican girl diagnosed with high-risk B-ALL at five years and 11 months of age. Family history showed that the proband's mother had high-risk B-ALL at 16 months of age. She received chemotherapy and was discharged at nine years of age without any evidence of recurrence of leukemia. The proband's father was outside the family nucleus, but no history of leukemia or cancer was present up to the last contact with the mother. We performed exome sequencing on the proband and the proband's mother and identified the PAX5 variant NM_016734.3:c.963del: p.(Ala322LeufsTer11), located in the transactivation domain of the PAX5 protein. The variant was classified as probably pathogenic according to the ACMG criteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Mexican family with an inherited increased risk of childhood B-ALL caused by a novel germline pathogenic variant of PAX5. Identifying individuals with a hereditary predisposition to cancer is essential for modern oncological practice. Individuals at high risk of leukemia would benefit from hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but family members carrying the pathogenic variant should be excluded as hematopoietic stem cell donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Solorio
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Octavio Martínez-Villegas
- Departamento de hemato-oncología pediátrica, Unidad Médicade Alta Especialidad Hospital de Ginecología Pediatría No 48, Centro Médico del Bajío, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Ulises Rodríguez-Corona
- Ribonucleo Protein Biochemistry Research Unit, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Molina-Garay
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco Jiménez-Olivares
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karol Carrillo-Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elvia C. Mendoza-Caamal
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anallely Muñoz-Rivas
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz E. Villegas-Torres
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Cervera
- Subdirección de Genómica Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis L. Flores-Lagunes
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Alaez-Verson
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
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Lugo-Reyes SO, Pastor N, González-Serrano E, Yamazaki-Nakashimada MA, Scheffler-Mendoza S, Berron-Ruiz L, Wakida G, Nuñez-Nuñez ME, Macias-Robles AP, Staines-Boone AT, Venegas-Montoya E, Alaez-Verson C, Molina-Garay C, Flores-Lagunes LL, Carrillo-Sanchez K, Niemela J, Rosenzweig SD, Gaytan P, Yañez JA, Martinez-Duncker I, Notarangelo LD, Espinosa-Padilla S, Cruz-Munoz ME. Clinical Manifestations, Mutational Analysis, and Immunological Phenotype in Patients with RAG1/2 Mutations: First Cases Series from Mexico and Description of Two Novel Mutations. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:1291-1302. [PMID: 33954879 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in recombinase activating genes 1 and 2 (RAG1/2) result in human severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). The products of these genes are essential for V(D)J rearrangement of the antigen receptors during lymphocyte development. Mutations resulting in null-recombination activity in RAG1 or RAG2 are associated with the most severe clinical and immunological phenotypes, whereas patients with hypomorphic mutations may develop leaky SCID, including Omenn syndrome (OS). A group of previously unrecognized clinical phenotypes associated with granulomata and/or autoimmunity have been described as a consequence of hypomorphic mutations. Here, we present six patients from unrelated families with missense variants in RAG1 or RAG2. Phenotypes observed in these patients ranged from OS to severe mycobacterial infections and granulomatous disease. Moreover, we report the first evidence of two variants that had not been associated with immunodeficiency. This study represents the first case series of RAG1- or RAG2-deficient patients from Mexico and Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Pastor
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Laura Berron-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Wakida
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Edna Venegas-Montoya
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie Niemela
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Gaytan
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Yañez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivan Martinez-Duncker
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sara Espinosa-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Fernández-Lainez C, Aláez-Verson C, Ibarra-González I, Enríquez-Flores S, Carrillo-Sanchez K, Flores-Lagunes L, Guillén-López S, Belmont-Martínez L, Vela-Amieva M. In silico prediction of the pathogenic effect of a novel variant of BCKDHA leading to classical maple syrup urine disease identified using clinical exome sequencing. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 483:33-38. [PMID: 29673582 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a metabolic disorder caused by mutations in three of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) genes. Classical MSUD symptom can be observed immediately after birth and include ketoacidosis, irritability, lethargy, and coma, which can lead to death or irreversible neurodevelopmental delay in survivors. The molecular diagnosis of MSUD can be time-consuming and difficult to establish using conventional Sanger sequencing because it could be due to pathogenic variants of any of the BCKDC genes. Next-generation sequencing-based methodologies have revolutionized the molecular diagnosis of inborn errors in metabolism and offer a superior approach for genotyping these patients. Here, we report an MSUD case whose molecular diagnosis was performed by clinical exome sequencing (CES), and the possible structural pathogenic effect of a novel E1α subunit pathogenic variant was analyzed using in silico analysis of α and β subunit crystallographic structure. Molecular analysis revealed a new homozygous non-sense c.1267C>T or p.Gln423Ter variant of BCKDHA. The novel BCKDHA variant is considered pathogenic because it caused a premature stop codon that probably led to the loss of the last 22 amino acid residues of the E1α subunit C-terminal end. In silico analysis of this region showed that it is in contact with several residues of the E1β subunit mainly through polar contacts, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. CES strategy could benefit the patients and families by offering precise and prompt diagnosis and better genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Fernández-Lainez
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Av. Imán #1 piso 9, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P. 04530, Mexico
| | - Carmen Aláez-Verson
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Secretaría de Salud, Periférico Sur # 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, Ciudad de México C.P. 14610, Mexico.
| | - Isabel Ibarra-González
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM-Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Imán #1 piso 9, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04530, Mexico.
| | - Sergio Enríquez-Flores
- Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Av. Imán #1, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04530, Mexico.
| | - Karol Carrillo-Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Secretaría de Salud, Periférico Sur # 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, Ciudad de México C.P. 14610, Mexico.
| | - Leonardo Flores-Lagunes
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico Genómico, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Secretaría de Salud, Periférico Sur # 4809, Col. Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, Ciudad de México C.P. 14610, Mexico.
| | - Sara Guillén-López
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Av. Imán #1 piso 9, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P. 04530, Mexico
| | - Leticia Belmont-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Av. Imán #1 piso 9, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P. 04530, Mexico
| | - Marcela Vela-Amieva
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Av. Imán #1 piso 9, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P. 04530, Mexico.
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Martinez-Fierro ML, Garza-Veloz I, Carrillo-Sanchez K, Martinez-Gaytan V, Cortes-Flores R, Ochoa-Torres MA, Guerrero GG, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Cancela-Murrieta CO, Zamudio-Osuna M, Badillo-Almaraz JI, Castruita-De la Rosa C. Expression levels of seven candidate genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their association with preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2013; 33:191-203. [PMID: 24295154 PMCID: PMC4017755 DOI: 10.3109/10641955.2013.853777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) expression levels of hemeoxygenase 1 (HMOX-1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-15 and AdipoQ genes to study their association with preeclampsia (PE). Methods A total of 177 pregnant women were recruited: 108 cases and 69 controls. Quantification of gene expression was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan probes. Results Underexpression of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 was a constant in most of the cases (80.91% and 76.36%, respectively) and their expression was associated with onset and/or severity of disease (p values < 0.05). IL-6, IL-15 and AdipoQ, showed low or no expression in PBMC samples evaluated. Conclusion PBMC underexpression of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 is a hallmark of PE in the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud , Zacatecas , Mexico
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Contreras AV, Monge-Cazares T, Alfaro-Ruiz L, Hernandez-Morales S, Miranda-Ortiz H, Carrillo-Sanchez K, Jimenez-Sanchez G, Silva-Zolezzi I. Resequencing, haplotype construction and identification of novel variants of CYP2D6 in Mexican Mestizos. Pharmacogenomics 2011; 12:745-56. [PMID: 21391885 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The CYP2D6 enzyme participates in the metabolism of commonly prescribed drugs: antidepressants, antipsychotics and antihypertensives. The CYP2D6 gene shows a high degree of interindividual and interethnic variability that influences its expression and function. Mexican Mestizos are a recently admixed population resulting from the combination of Amerindian, European and, to a lesser extent, African populations. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the CYP2D6 gene in Mexican Mestizos. MATERIALS & METHODS We performed linkage disequilibrium and network analyses in resequencing data of 96 individuals from two regions within Mexico with a different history of admixture and particular population dynamics, the Northwestern state of Sonora and the Central-Pacific state of Guerrero. RESULTS & CONCLUSION We identified 64 polymorphisms, including 14 novel variants: 13 SNPs and a CYP2D7 exon 2 conversion, that was assigned CYP2D6*82 by the Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Committee. Three novel SNPs were predicted to have functional effects. For CYP2D6*82 we hypothesize an Amerindian origin that is supported by its identification in three Mexican Amerindian groups (Mayas, Tepehuanos and Mixtecos). Frequencies of CYP2D6*1, *2, *4, *5, *10, *29, *53, *82 and its duplications were 50.0, 25.5, 14.1, 2.0, 2.6, 1.0, 0.5, 2.1 and 3.6%, respectively. We found significant frequency differences in CYP2D6*1 and *2 between Mexican Mestizos and in CYP2D6*1, *2, *4, *5, *10 and *29 between Mexicans and at least one other population. We observed strong linkage disequilibrium and phylogenetic relationships between haplotypes. To our knowledge, this study is the first comprehensive resequencing analysis of CYP2D6 in Mexicans or any other Latin American population, providing information about genetic diversity relevant in the development of pharmacogenomics in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra V Contreras
- National Institute of Genomic Medicine (MEXICO), Periférico Sur 4124 Torre Zafiro II Piso 6, Col. Ex-Rancho de Anzaldo, Mexico DF 01900, Mexico
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