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Sankar L, Norfolk E, Kalra K. Tumoral calcinosis in an end stage kidney disease patient on peritoneal dialysis. Am J Med Sci 2024; 367:e27-e28. [PMID: 37844731 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshna Sankar
- Division of Nephrology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA.
| | - Evan Norfolk
- Division of Nephrology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Kartik Kalra
- Division of Nephrology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
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Alkhatib L, Velez Diaz LA, Varma S, Chowdhary A, Bapat P, Pan H, Kukreja G, Palabindela P, Selvam SA, Kalra K. Lifestyle Modifications and Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions in Delaying the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e34572. [PMID: 36874334 PMCID: PMC9981552 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating progressive illness that affects more than 10% of the world's population. In this literature review, we discussed the roles of nutritional interventions, lifestyle modifications, hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) control, and medications in delaying the progression of CKD. Walking, weight loss, low-protein diet (LPD), adherence to the alternate Mediterranean (aMed) diet, and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010 slow the progression of CKD. However, smoking and binge alcohol drinking increase the risk of CKD progression. In addition, hyperglycemia, altered lipid metabolism, low-grade inflammation, over-activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and overhydration (OH) increase diabetic CKD progression. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend blood pressure (BP) control of <140/90 mmHg in patients without albuminuria and <130/80 mmHg in patients with albuminuria to prevent CKD progression. Medical therapies aim to target epigenetic alterations, fibrosis, and inflammation. Currently, RAAS blockade, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, pentoxifylline, and finerenone are approved for managing CKD. In addition, according to the completed Study of Diabetic Nephropathy with Atrasentan (SONAR), atrasentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA), decreased the risk of renal events in diabetic CKD patients. However, ongoing trials are studying the role of other agents in slowing the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lean Alkhatib
- Internal Medicine, Royal Medical Services, Amman, JOR
| | | | - Samyukta Varma
- Internal Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, IND
| | - Arsh Chowdhary
- Nephrology, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Prachi Bapat
- General Medicine, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Hai Pan
- Pathology, Tianjin University of Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, CHN
| | - Geetika Kukreja
- Internal Medicine and Hematology/Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Clinton Township, USA
| | | | | | - Kartik Kalra
- Nephrology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, USA
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Verma S, Malik P, Kalra K, Singh V, Kumar S, Khurana S, Pushpam D, Jain D, Gupta Y. P2.02-03 A Phase II Study of Metformin with Pemetrexed/Carboplatin in Patients with Metastatic Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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4
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Zafar W, Kalra K, Ortiz-Melo DI. Oncosurgery-Related Acute Kidney Injury. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2022; 29:161-170.e1. [PMID: 35817523 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Oncosurgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, staging, and management of cancer and cancer-related complications. Acute kidney injury is a common and important complication related to oncologic surgery, associated with longer hospital length of stay, greater costs, increased risk of incident or progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), and higher mortality. The pathogenesis of oncosurgery-related acute kidney injury is multifactorial and determined by different variables, including patient characteristics (comorbidities, volume status, age, pre-existing CKD), specific cancer type or location, surgical procedure involved, as well as intrinsic neuroendocrine and hemodynamic responses to anesthesia and/or surgery. Early nephrology evaluation may be helpful to assist with preservation of kidney function and prevention of further kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Zafar
- Division of Nephrology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA
| | - Kartik Kalra
- Division of Nephrology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA
| | - David I Ortiz-Melo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
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5
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Campbell D, Kalra K, Desilva R. Multi-Organ Infarction in a Patient Receiving Infliximab. Kidney360 2020; 1:880-881. [PMID: 35372965 PMCID: PMC8815748 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001192020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dean Campbell
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kartik Kalra
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ranil Desilva
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Tandukar S, Kim C, Kalra K, Verma S, Palevsky PM, Puttarajappa C. Severe Hyponatremia and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: Safety and Effectiveness of Low-Sodium Dialysate. Kidney Med 2020; 2:437-449. [PMID: 32775984 PMCID: PMC7406832 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE In patients with severe hyponatremia in the setting of acute kidney injury or end-stage kidney disease, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) using standard-sodium (140 mEq/L) fluids may lead to excessively rapid correction of plasma sodium concentration. Use of dialysate and replacement fluids with reduced sodium concentrations can provide a controlled rate of correction of plasma sodium concentration. STUDY DESIGN We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of the safety and effectiveness of this approach in patients with plasma sodium concentrations ≤ 126 mEq/L who underwent CRRT for 24 or more hours using low-sodium (119 or 126 mEq/L) dialysate and replacement fluids. Change in plasma sodium level was assessed at 24 and 48 hours after initiation of low-sodium CRRT and at the end of treatment. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Between January 2016 and June 2018, a total of 23 hyponatremic patients underwent continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration using low-sodium dialysate and replacement fluids; 4 patients were excluded from analysis because of CRRT duration less than <24 hours. RESULTS The 19 patients included in the study had a mean age of 56 years, 11 (58%) were men, and 15 (79%) were white. The initial mean plasma sodium level was 121 mEq/L and the initial CRRT effluent dose was 27 mL/kg/h. Only 2 (11%) patients had an increase in plasma sodium concentration > 6 mEq/L at 24 hours. Mean changes in plasma sodium levels at 24 and 48 hours and at the time of CRRT discontinuation were 3, 3, and 6 mEq/L, respectively. None of the patients developed osmotic demyelination syndrome. LIMITATIONS Key limitations were small sample size and lack of a control group. CONCLUSIONS Use of low-sodium dialysate and replacement fluids is a safe strategy for the prevention of overly rapid correction of plasma sodium levels in hyponatremic patients undergoing CRRT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kartik Kalra
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Siddharth Verma
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Paul M. Palevsky
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Renal Section, Medical Service, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Chethan Puttarajappa
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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Varshney A, Vanidassane I, Ramavth D, Malik P, Khurana S, Garg V, Vadlamani S, Kalra K, Gunasekar S, Kumar S, Sethi S, Yadav M, Pathy S, Jain D. Chemotherapy in advanced thymic malignancies. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz436.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shishak S, Rastogi S, Pandey R, Barwad A, Dhamija E, Aggarwal A, Kalra K, Shamim S, Parisa M. Malignant melanoma: A study of clinical profiles and treatment outcomes in Indian patients. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz429.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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9
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Pawar S, Rastogi S, Dhamija E, Barwad A, Kumar V, Pandey R, Shishak S, Kalra K, Aggarwal A, Garg A, Mridha A, Chaubey J, Khan S. Lessons learnt from treatment of foot sarcomas: Analysis from dedicated sarcoma clinic in North India. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz433.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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10
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Kalra K, Banerjee B, Weiss K, Morgan C. Developing efficient bioreactor microcarrier cell culture system for large scale production of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ganesan S, Acharya S, Kalra K, Chahal R. Intradural Intramedullary Primary Spinal Melanocytoma: A Rare Case Report. IJNS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal melanocytomas are rare pigmented tumors of the central nervous system commonly affecting females in their fifth decades. It has been reported in various locations with intradural intramedullary being the rarest. Patients can present with varied symptomatology from mild backache to frank myelopathy. Here we report a case of 34-year-old man with no medical comorbidities with vague backache associated with numbness of anterior aspect of right thigh for 1 year aggravated by activities and relieved by rest. His neurologic examination revealed normal power and sensation in both lower limbs except for decreased temperature sensation in right L2 dermatome. MRI of dorsolumbar spine revealed a well-defined lesion that was hyperintense in T1- and hypointense in T2-weighted image at D11–12 region with uniform bright enhancement in gadolinium-enhanced T1 image. The patient underwent laminectomy of D11 and D12, and an en bloc excision was done. Diagnosis of primary intradural intramedullary melanocytoma was made from histopathologic examination. Spinal melanocytomas should be considered as a differential diagnosis for intradural space-occupying lesions. MRI remains the investigation of choice for diagnosis, but histopathologic examination is required to confirm and differentiate from other pigmented tumors and malignant melanomas. Total surgical excision of the tumor remains the standard treatment with radiotherapy reserved for cases of incomplete excision and recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ganesan
- Ortho Spine Department, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Shankar Acharya
- Ortho Spine Department, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - K. Kalra
- Ortho Spine Department, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupinder Chahal
- Ortho Spine Department, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Singh A, Agrawal S, Gargya S, Saluja S, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kalra K, Thind M, Saluja S, Stone LE, Ali F, Duarte-Chavez R, Marchionni C, Sholevar F, Shirani J, Nanda S. Posttraumatic stress disorder after myocardial infarction and coronary artery bypass grafting. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2017; 7:84-90. [PMID: 28660161 PMCID: PMC5479081 DOI: 10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_27_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Post traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric disease that is usually precipitated by life threatening stressors. Myocardial infarction, especially in the young can count as one such event. The development of post traumatic stress after a coronary event not only adversely effects psychiatric health, but leads to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is increasing evidence that like major depression, post traumatic stress disorder is also a strong coronary risk factor. Early diagnosis and treatment of this disease in patients with acute manifestations of coronary artery disease can improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitoj Singh
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Sahil Agrawal
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Sanchita Gargya
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sabir Saluja
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Akshat Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Peters University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Peters University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Kartik Kalra
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Peters University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Munveer Thind
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Sajeev Saluja
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Lauren E Stone
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Farhan Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Duarte-Chavez
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Christine Marchionni
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Farhad Sholevar
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Jamshid Shirani
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Sudip Nanda
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
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13
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Kalra K, Madhok M. Worrisome facial swelling. J Emerg Med 2014; 46:e125-6. [PMID: 24462028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Kalra
- Medical Education, Children's Hospital of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Manu Madhok
- Emergency Department, Children's Hospital of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Abstract
We present an illustrative case using a modification of the Gaines procedure for the surgical management of patients with spondyloptosis. It involves excision of the inferior half of the body of L5 anteriorly combined with posterior reduction and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kalra
- New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, 301 East 17th Street, New York, New York 10003, USA.
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15
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Edelman MJ, Kendall J, Smith R, Hausner PF, Kalra K, Doyle LA, Thomas L. Improved event free survival (EFS) with the novel retinoid, bexarotene (BEX) and gemcitabine/carboplatin (G/C) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.7104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Edelman
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - J. Kendall
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - R. Smith
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - P. F. Hausner
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - K. Kalra
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - L. A. Doyle
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - L. Thomas
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
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16
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Sen R, Kalra K. Peripheral odontogenic fibroma with chondroid differentiation. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1996; 39:313-5. [PMID: 9009488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An unusual case of peripheral odontogenic fibroma, presenting as a swelling on gingiva involving hard palate in a 3-year-old female child, is described. Even with cellular stroma and unencapsulation these tumors behave in a benign fashion. To the best of our knowledge, cartilagenous differentiation of stroma as observed in this case has not been reported in English literature so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sen
- Department of Pathology, Pt. B.D. Sharma Medical College, Rohtak
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17
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Dayal R, Agarwal PK, Kalra K, Bharadwaj VP, Katoch VM, Katoch K. Diagnostic value of gene probes and its correlation with clinical profile of leprosy in children. Indian Pediatr 1994; 31:1521-7. [PMID: 7875812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinico-bacteriological profile of 73 leprosy patients below 16 years of age was studied. Majority of the patients were males and fell in 11-16 years age group (p < 0.05). Skin lesions were present in all cases on both exposed as well as unexposed areas and their number increased with advancing age. Cutaneous sensations were affected in most of the patients while nerve thickening was observed in 41. As age increased, the disease moved from the tuberculoid end of spectrum towards the lepromatous end (p < 0.05) and the positivity of the skin smears increased (p < 0.05). Majority of the paucibacillary cases were lepromin positive while most multibacillary cases were lepromin negative (p < 0.01). Two M. leprae specific gene probes were applied in 42 cases to assess their diagnostic value. Eighty one per cent cases were picked up by the probes indicating presence of active bacilli. These included all lepromin positive cases, all smear positive cases, and most of smear negative cases (p < 0.05). Seven children with inconclusive histology were also positive. Drug treatment and inadequate size of biopsy sample could explain the negative probe results in 19% cases. This study highlights the immense potential of gene probes in diagnosing leprosy in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dayal
- Department of Pediatrics, S.N. Medical College, Agra
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18
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Vashishtha VM, Kalra A, Kalra K, Jain VK. Prevalence of congenital heart disease in school children. Indian Pediatr 1993; 30:1337-40. [PMID: 8039861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V M Vashishtha
- Department of Pediatrics and Cardiology, S.N. Medical College, Agra
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19
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Tandon JN, Kalra A, Kalra K, Sahu SC, Nigam CB, Qureshi GU. Profile of accidents in children. Indian Pediatr 1993; 30:765-9. [PMID: 8132256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Out of 5031 children admitted to S.N. Hospital, Agra during one year, there were 716 cases (14.2%) of accidents. Most cases were in the age group of 4-9 years; boys were affected more commonly than girls. The maximum cases occurred due to fall (44.4%), followed by road traffic accidents (26.4%) and burns (11.5%). The consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality was also high. Kerosene oil ingestion was the most common encountered form of poisoning. Incriminating environmental factors could be identified in 51.8% cases and included poorly protected roofs (23.7%), poor state of roads (10.0%), defective vehicles (7.5%), and houses opening directly on the streets (7.3%). More than half of the accidents took place at home (58.7%), followed by those on streets (30.3%) or at farmhouses (57%). Injuries caused by sharp and blunt objects were more common in villages. Only 21.4% children had received first aid, often by the family, before reaching the hospital. The overall mortality rate was 53.1/1000, but in cases of burns the mortality was (146.3/1000). This study suggests that falls and traffic accidents have the highest incidence and mortality in childhood accidents and modification of the home environment can be an effective measure to prevent such incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Tandon
- Department of Pediatrics, Surgery, S.N. Medical College, Agra
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20
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Vashistha VM, Kalra A, Kalra K, Jain VK. Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in school children. Indian Pediatr 1993; 30:53-6. [PMID: 8406708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A total number of 8449 school children, in the 5-15 years old, group were examined clinically for evidence of valvular lesions and confirmed by roentgenographic electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings. Twelve children (0.14%) were suffering from rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The disease was significantly more (p < 0.05) prevalent in the higher age group of 11-15 years as compared to younger children. Boys (0.18%) were affected more than girls (0.09%). The disease was more frequent among children belonging to economically backward group (0.34%) and those living in large families (0.28%). Children living in the slums had significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence (0.41%) than those residing in urban areas (0.06%). Only 3 out of 12 (25%) were previously diagnosed cases and remaining were diagnosed for the first time. Past history of rheumatic activity was seen in 41.67% cases. Mitral valve involvement was most frequent, being detected in 10 (83.33%) cases. Majority of cases (58.33%) had the development of symptomatic RHD within 2 years of having suffered from RF. Our study helped to detect the hitherto undiagnosed cases of RHD and showed that its prevalence was higher in older children and those from urban slums.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Vashistha
- Department of Pediatrics, S.N. Medical College, Agra
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21
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Kalra A, Chaturvedi N, Vashishtha VM, Dube KN, Kalra K. Per rectal diazepam therapy in convulsive disorders. Indian Pediatr 1992; 29:975-8. [PMID: 1459718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and twenty children with persistent convulsions (lasting > or = 10 min) were treated with per rectal diazepam (dosage: 0.2 to 0.7 mg/kg/dose). Another group of 100 age matched children with convulsions, along with those who did not respond to rectal therapy were given intravenous diazepam in a dosage of 0.2 to 0.3 mg/kg/dose. Rectal treatment was effective in 80.83% cases while intravenous diazepam was effective in 90% cases which is statistically just significant (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the efficacy of two routes of administration in controlling convulsions of different clinical types and various etiological groups (p < 0.05), except for primary generalized type where intravenous route was more effective than the rectal one (p < 0.05). No significant side-effect was observed with rectal therapy. Among the 23 (19.17%) children in whom rectal therapy failed, 12 (10%) responded to intravenous diazepam while the remaining 11 (9.17%) cases were resistant to both routes of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kalra
- Department of Pediatrics, S.N. Medical College, Agra
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22
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Kalra A, Kalra K, Agarwal MC, Prasad R, Pant MC, Bhatia R, Mittal R. Serum lipid profile in term and preterm infants in early neonatal period. Indian Pediatr 1988; 25:977-81. [PMID: 3248871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kalra A, Bhatia R, Kalra K, Dayal RS, Dutt T, Pandey DJ, Singh YP, Misra MN. Ocular manifestations in mentally retarded children. Indian Pediatr 1987; 24:409-13. [PMID: 3679492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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24
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Dayal R, Prasad R, Misra MN, Kalra K, Pandey DN, Mathur PP, Dayal RS. Are delinquents born or made by us? Indian Pediatr 1986; 23:627-33. [PMID: 3804411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Kalra K, Kalra A, Gupta RK, Bhatia R, Singh K, Prasad R, Gupta K. Placental morphology and histopathology in low birth weight. Indian Pediatr 1986; 23:611-5. [PMID: 3804408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Kalra A, Kalra K, Agarwal MC, Bhatia R. Hand Schuller Christian disease with multiple pareses. Indian Pediatr 1986; 23:566-7. [PMID: 3744544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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27
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Kalra A, Kalra K, Agarwal MC, Mittal R. Neuromyelitis optica. Indian Pediatr 1986; 23:228-9. [PMID: 3744490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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28
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Kalra K, Kalra A, Pandey DJ, Gupta R, Misra A, Dayal RS. Cryptophthalmos and anophthalmos. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:621-4. [PMID: 3843566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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Prasad R, Kalra K, Mathur PP, Singh M, Kalra A, Dayal R, Lahiri VL, Kumar R, Agarwal MC. Study on outbreak of meningococcal meningitis. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:307-12. [PMID: 3833752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Kalra K, Sunder S, Kalra A, Elhence BR, Dayal RS. C-reactive protein in neonatal infections. Indian Pediatr 1985; 22:215-9. [PMID: 4030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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31
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Kalra A, Kalra K, Sharma V, Singh M, Dayal RS. Congenital malformations. Indian Pediatr 1984; 21:945-50. [PMID: 6399047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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32
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Kalra K, Mangarani CD, Kalra A, Dhir GG, Izumi S, Dayal RS. A Study of Blastogenic Transformation Under Phytomaemagglutinin (pha) in Leprosy. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1982; 48:321-326. [PMID: 28193913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the cell-mediated immune response under PHA stimulus in leprosy patients and healthy contacts. Twenty-one cases suffering from leprosy were included in the study. They were diagnosed clinically by skin biopsy,. smear examination and lepromin reaction. Five cases had lepromatous, 7 borderlines and 9 tuberculoid leprosy. Eleven were healthy contacts. Lepromin reaction was negative in 5 patients in lepromatous group while it was positive in the other patients and healthy contacts. Blastogenic transformation was depressed only in patients with lepromatous leprosy. In tuberculoid and borderline cases, lymphocytes exhibited similar reactivity with PHA as was shown by the controls. Healthy contacts of lepromatous leprosy patients were leprom'm positive and did not show any C M I depression. it is suggested that depression of PHA response may develop after the on set of leprosy infection.
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33
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Kalra A, Kalra K, Dayal RS. Breast feeding practices in different residential, economic and educational groups. Indian Pediatr 1982; 19:419-26. [PMID: 6982855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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34
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Kalra K. Morquio-Brails Ford's disease--a mucopolysaccharide disorders. Indian Pediatr 1978; 15:1055-9. [PMID: 109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Kumar R, Kalra K, Dayal RS. A survey on the immunization status and breast feeding practices of infants of Agra. Indian Pediatr 1978; 15:107-15. [PMID: 680955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Dayal RS, Kumar R, Kalra K. Growth of infants at Agra in different residential and social groups. Indian Pediatr 1978; 15:3-12. [PMID: 669774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Dayal RS, Kumar R, Kalra K. Infant growth survey at Agra: an anthropometric profile. Indian Pediatr 1977; 14:979-86. [PMID: 615167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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38
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Dayal RS, Kumar R, Kalra K. Infant growth survey at Agra: experiences and shortcomings. Indian Pediatr 1977; 14:973-7. [PMID: 615166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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39
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Kumar V, Kirti S, Kalra K, Samuel KC. Genesis of urinary tract infection in male children. Indian J Pediatr 1977; 44:127-30. [PMID: 591006 DOI: 10.1007/bf02753646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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41
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Misra MN, Kalra K, Dayal RS. An analysis of mentally retarded cases attending the child guidance clinic. Indian J Pediatr 1976; 43:88-95. [PMID: 977072 DOI: 10.1007/bf02749276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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42
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Gupta S, Kalra K, Chaudhri BN, Yadav HS. Hematological profiles in Indian childhood and juvenile cirrhosis of liver. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:1217-25. [PMID: 1228141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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43
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Kalra K, Mital VP, Pal R, Goyal RK, Dayal RS. Serum electrolyte studies in malnutrition. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:1135-40. [PMID: 819367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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44
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Kumar R, Kalra K, Dayal RS. Some aspects of constructing physical growth standards. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:853-5. [PMID: 1213829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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45
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Kumar R, Kalra K, Dayal RS. Are growth studies vital: which methodology to choose? Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:915-20. [PMID: 1082441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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46
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Kalra K, Lumba M, Lal M, Dayal RS. Defective articulation in children. Indian J Pediatr 1975; 42:257-63. [PMID: 1218948 DOI: 10.1007/bf02829314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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47
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Kalra K, Gupta S, Yadav HS, Chaudhuri BN. Erythrokinetics using 51Cr in cirrhosis of liver in childhood. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:869-74. [PMID: 1213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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48
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Gupta S, Kalra K, Yadav MS, Chaudhuri BN. Preliminary studies on iron kinetics in childhood. Indian Pediatr 1975; 12:639-46. [PMID: 1205567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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49
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Kalra K, Sukhiany AM, Misra UC, Dayal RS. A clinical analysis of speech defects in children. Indian J Pediatr 1975; 42:200-8. [PMID: 1184131 DOI: 10.1007/bf02752899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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50
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Kalra K, Prasad R, Khanna NN, Mital VP, Dayal RS. Some observations on glutathione instability and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in infants and children having anaemia and jaundice. Indian J Pediatr 1973; 40:317-25. [PMID: 4784730 DOI: 10.1007/bf02835153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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