Heterodimerization of the human RNase P/MRP subunits Rpp20 and Rpp25 is a prerequisite for interaction with the P3 arm of RNase MRP RNA

Rpp20 and Rpp25 are two key subunits of the human endoribonucleases RNase P and MRP. Formation of an Rpp20–Rpp25 complex is critical for enzyme function and sub-cellular localization. We present the first detailed in vitro analysis of their conformational properties, and a biochemical and biophysical characterization of their mutual interaction and RNA recognition. This study specifically examines the role of the Rpp20/Rpp25 association in the formation of the ribonucleoprotein complex. The interaction of the individual subunits with the P3 arm of the RNase MRP RNA is revealed to be negligible whereas the 1:1 Rpp20:Rpp25 complex binds to the same target with an affinity of the order of nM. These results unambiguously demonstrate that Rpp20 and Rpp25 interact with the P3 RNA as a heterodimer, which is formed prior to RNA binding. This creates a platform for the design of future experiments aimed at a better understanding of the function and organization of RNase P and MRP. Finally, analyses of interactions with deletion mutant proteins constructed with successively shorter N- and C-terminal sequences indicate that the Alba-type core domain of both Rpp20 and Rpp25 contains most of the determinants for mutual association and P3 RNA recognition.

The interaction of the Escherichia coli protein SlyD with nickel ions illuminates the mechanism of regulation of its peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity

The sensitive to lysis D (SlyD) protein from Escherichia coli is related to the FK506-binding protein family, and it harbours both peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) and chaperone-like activity, preventing aggregation and promoting the correct folding of other proteins. Whereas a functional role of SlyD as a protein-folding catalyst in vivo remains unclear, SlyD has been shown to be an essential component for [Ni-Fe]-hydrogenase metallocentre assembly in bacteria. Interestingly, the isomerase activity of SlyD is uniquely modulated by nickel ions, which possibly regulate its functions in response to external stimuli. In this work, we investigated the solution structure of SlyD and its interaction with nickel ions, enabling us to gain insights into the molecular mechanism of this regulation. We have revealed that the PPIase module of SlyD contains an additional C-terminal alpha-helix packed against the catalytic site of the domain; unexpectedly, our results show that the interaction of SlyD with nickel ions entails participation of the novel structural features of the PPIase domain, eliciting structural alterations of the catalytic pocket. We suggest that such conformational rearrangements upon metal binding underlie the ability of nickel ions to regulate the isomerase activity of SlyD.