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Kumar R, Kumar C, Roy Choudhury D, Ranjan A, Raipuria RK, Dubey KKD, Mishra A, Kumar C, Manzoor MM, Kumar A, Kumari A, Singh K, Singh GP, Singh R. Isolation, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of NAC Transcription Factor from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and Their Role in Andrographolide Production. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:422. [PMID: 38674357 PMCID: PMC11049156 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees is an important medicinal plant known for its bioactive compound andrographolide. NAC transcription factors (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) play a crucial role in secondary metabolite production, stress responses, and plant development through hormonal signaling. In this study, a putative partial transcript of three NAC family genes (ApNAC83, ApNAC21 22 and ApNAC02) was used to isolate full length genes using RACE. Bioinformatics analyses such as protein structure prediction, cis-acting regulatory elements, and gene ontology analysis were performed. Based on in silico predictions, the diterpenoid profiling of the plant's leaves (five-week-old) and the real-time PCR-based expression analysis of isolated NAC genes under abscisic acid (ABA) treatment were performed. Additionally, the expression analysis of isolated NAC genes under MeJA treatment and transient expression in Nicotiana tabacum was performed. Full-length sequences of three members of the NAC transcription factor family, ApNAC83 (1102 bp), ApNAC21 22 (996 bp), and ApNAC02 (1011 bp), were isolated and subjected to the promoter and gene ontology analysis, which indicated their role in transcriptional regulation, DNA binding, ABA-activated signaling, and stress management. It was observed that ABA treatment leads to a higher accumulation of andrographolide and 14-deoxyandrographolide content, along with the upregulation of ApNAC02 (9.6-fold) and the downregulation of ApNAC83 and ApNAC21 22 in the leaves. With methyl jasmonate treatment, ApNAC21 22 expression decreased, while ApNAC02 increased (1.9-fold), with no significant change being observed in ApNAC83. The transient expression of the isolated NAC genes in a heterologous system (Nicotiana benthamiana) demonstrated their functional transcriptional activity, leading to the upregulation of the NtHMGR gene, which is related to the terpene pathway in tobacco. The expression analysis and heterologous expression of ApNAC21 22 and ApNAC02 indicated their role in andrographolide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India; (R.K.); (D.R.C.)
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; (K.K.D.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Chavlesh Kumar
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India;
| | - Debjani Roy Choudhury
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India; (R.K.); (D.R.C.)
| | - Aashish Ranjan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India; (A.R.); (R.K.R.)
| | - Ritesh Kumar Raipuria
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India; (A.R.); (R.K.R.)
| | - Kaushik Kumar Dhar Dubey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; (K.K.D.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Ayushi Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India;
| | - Chetan Kumar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (C.K.); (M.M.M.)
- School of Pharmaceutical & Populations Health Informatics, DIP University Mussoorie-Dehradun, Dehradun 248009, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Malik Muzafar Manzoor
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India; (C.K.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India;
| | - Abha Kumari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; (K.K.D.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India; (K.S.); (G.P.S.)
- International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad 502324, Telangana, India
| | - Gyanendra Pratap Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India; (K.S.); (G.P.S.)
| | - Rakesh Singh
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, Delhi, India; (R.K.); (D.R.C.)
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