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Crawley K, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Lawrence MM. Effect of Extreme Volume-Load Differences for a Single Unilateral Exercise During In-Season Resistance Training on Measures of Bilateral Strength, Power, and Speed in Collegiate American Football Players. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:80-89. [PMID: 37815264 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Crawley, K, Adams, KJ, DeBeliso, M, and Lawrence, MM. Effect of extreme volume-load differences for a single unilateral exercise during in-season resistance training on measures of bilateral strength, power, and speed in collegiate american football players. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 80-89, 2024-This study examined the impact extreme volume-load differences for a single weekly exercise, when all other exercises' volume loads were similar, would have on American football performance variables after in-season resistance training (RT). Twenty male National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) American footballers (18-23 years, 98.4 ± 19.3 kg) were randomly assigned to an extreme high-volume low-intensity (EHVLI; n = 11) group or a low-volume high-intensity (LVHI; n = 9) group. Subjects performed the same evidence-based RT exercises and volume loads for 8 weeks thrice weekly, with the only differences being once weekly unilateral reverse dumbbell lunge (EHVLI) or unilateral Hatfield safety bar back squat (LVHI) exercises performed with different volume loads. Performance variables were assessed 1 week before (PRE) and after (POST) 8 weeks of RT. A 2-way analysis of variance with repeated measures and the Sidak post hoc test were used ( p < 0.05). Extreme high-volume low-intensity had no significant ( p > 0.05) PRE-to-POST RT changes in muscular strength in 1 repetition maximum (251.8 ± 48.7 to 274.6 ± 61.3 kg) or power in vertical jump (79.2 ± 8.8 to 78.2 ± 10.8 cm). Conversely, LVHI had significant ( p < 0.05) PRE-to-POST RT improvements in strength (249.2 ± 54.4 to 284.1 ± 55.0 kg) and power (72.8 ± 11.4 to 76.3 ± 10.0 cm). Furthermore, LVHI vs. EHVLI displayed significantly greater percentage difference increases from PRE values in muscular power (6.7% ± 7.2 vs. -1.3% ± 6.0, respectively), with no significant differences between groups (LVHI vs. EHVLI) in muscular strength (8.8% ± 3.1 vs. 6.7% ± 8.0, respectively) and 10-yard acceleration (2.2% ± 5.6 vs. 3.2% ± 5.6, respectively). For in-season RT of strength and power in collegiate American football players, all exercises performed should use evidence-based volume loads to optimize adaptations because a single exercise performed with extreme volume load may limit muscular strength and power development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Crawley
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah; and
| | - Kent J Adams
- Kinesiology Department, California State University Monterey Bay, Seaside, California
| | - Mark DeBeliso
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah; and
| | - Marcus M Lawrence
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah; and
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Gillingham B, Bishop A, Higa GK, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. The Relationship Between Partial and Full Range of Motion Deadlift 1-Repetition Maximum: A Technical Note. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:909-914. [PMID: 36730557 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Gillingham, B, Bishop, A, Higa, GK, Adams, KJ, and DeBeliso, M. The relationship between partial and full range of motion deadlift 1-repetition maximum: a technical note. J Strength Cond Res 37(4): 909-914, 2023-The full range of motion (FROM) or partial range of motion (PROM) deadlift (DL) are often included in resistance training (RT) programs and are performed by strength athletes in competition. This study examined the relationship between the FROM and PROM 1-repetition maximum (1RM) DL and if the PROM 1RM DL can be estimated by the FROM 1RM DL. Eighteen National Collegiate Athletic Association wrestlers (20.8 ± 1.2 years, 176.0 ± 5.2 cm, 78.9 ± 10.6 kg) performed a warm-up followed by the assessment of the FROM and PROM 1RM DLs. The FROM DLs were executed with a starting position of the bar resting on the lifting platform. Partial range of motion DLs were executed in a power rack with the bar starting position at ≈2.54 cm above the patella. Regression analysis was employed to estimate PROM 1RM DL based on FROM 1RM DL, body height, and mass. A Pearson's correlation coefficient ( r ) was used to compare the PROM 1RM DL with FROM 1RM DL. A dependent t test was used to compare the PROM 1RM DL and FROM 1RM DL scores (α < 0.05). The PROM 1RM DL scores (226.0 ± 40.6 kg) were significantly greater than the FROM 1RM DL scores (191.7 ± 37.2 kg) ( p < 0.05: effect size = 0.92). The PCC between the PROM and FROM 1RM DL was r = 0.85 ( p < 0.05). The regression coefficient for the FROM 1RM DL was significant ( p < 0.05; R = 0.85, R2 = 0.73). The regression coefficients for body mass and height were not significant ( p > 0.05). The PROM and FROM DL may be interchangeable modalities within an RT program, and the PROM 1RM DL can be accurately predicted by the FROM 1RM DL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Gillingham
- Athletics Department, Southwest Minnesota State University, Marshall, Minnesota
| | - Alan Bishop
- Athletics Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Grant K Higa
- PicoBoy Strength Company LLC, Maple Valley, Washington
| | - Kent J Adams
- Kinesiology Department, California State University Monterey Bay, Seaside, California; and
| | - Mark DeBeliso
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah
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Espitia Gonzalez AD, Leininger LJ, Morrissey JL, Luke R, Adams KJ, Rahawi N, Gastelum-Morales M. Implementation Of Exercise Is Medicine On Campus At California State University, Monterey Bay. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000677084.85075.9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rahawi NS, Morrissey JL, Leininger LJ, Adams KJ, Gastelum-Morales M, Espitia-Gonzales A. Exercise Is Medicine® On Campus:evaluating Self-efficacy Levels Through An Employee Circuit Training Course. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000677092.69246.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gastelum-Morales M, Leininger LJ, Morrissey JL, Rahawi N, Gonzalez AE, Adams KJ. Exercise Is Medicine On Campus: Employee Circuit Training Course Increases Physical Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000677088.45177.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rykert D, Larson A, Harris C, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. Effect of Spotters on State Anxiety and Self Confidence During Maximal Squatting Among Male High School Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000535674.69718.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lopez E, Larson A, Luke R, Harris C, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. The Reliability of the Anaerobic Dummy Throw Test in High School Wrestlers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538205.93260.5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sevene TG, Crow BT, Matthay EC, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Nuckton TJ. BMI Of San Francisco Cold-water Swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000517641.06959.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sue RA, Harris C, Adams KJ, Berning J, DeBeliso M. Determination of Trials Needed for Measurement Consistency of Standing Long Jump in Collegiate Volleyball Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519011.64616.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Adams KJ, Crow BT, Matthay EC, Sevene TG, DeBeliso M, Nuckton TJ. BMI Of San Francisco Cold-water Swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000517640.99335.3d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tano G, Bishop A, Berning JM, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. Post Activation Potentiation in North American High School Football Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000518168.07122.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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DeBeliso M, Walsh J, Heazlewood T, Sevene T, Adams KJ, Climstein M. Cardiovascular Risk Profiles Of World Masters Games Participants. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000517617.33401.f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Farrell N, Adams KJ, Berning J, DeBeliso M. Correlation Between Varying Back Squat Depths On Speed And Vertical Jump Performance In North American High School Football Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519964.04144.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ayers JL, DeBeliso M, Sevene TG, Adams KJ. Hang cleans and hang snatches produce similar improvements in female collegiate athletes. Biol Sport 2016; 33:251-6. [PMID: 27601779 PMCID: PMC4993140 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1201814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Olympic weightlifting movements and their variations are believed to be among the most effective ways to improve power, strength, and speed in athletes. This study investigated the effects of two Olympic weightlifting variations (hang cleans and hang snatches), on power (vertical jump height), strength (1RM back squat), and speed (40-yard sprint) in female collegiate athletes. 23 NCAA Division I female athletes were randomly assigned to either a hang clean group or hang snatch group. Athletes participated in two workout sessions a week for six weeks, performing either hang cleans or hang snatches for five sets of three repetitions with a load of 80-85% 1RM, concurrent with their existing, season-specific, resistance training program. Vertical jump height, 1RM back squat, and 40-yard sprint all had a significant, positive improvement from pre-training to post-training in both groups (p≤0.01). However, when comparing the gain scores between groups, there was no significant difference between the hang clean and hang snatch groups for any of the three dependent variables (i.e., vertical jump height, p=0.46; 1RM back squat, p=0.20; and 40-yard sprint, p=0.46). Short-term training emphasizing hang cleans or hang snatches produced similar improvements in power, strength, and speed in female collegiate athletes. This provides strength and conditioning professionals with two viable programmatic options in athletic-based exercises to improve power, strength, and speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ayers
- Southern Utah University, Physical Education and Human Performance Department, Cedar City, UT, USA
| | - M DeBeliso
- Southern Utah University, Physical Education and Human Performance Department, Cedar City, UT, USA
| | - T G Sevene
- California State University Monterey Bay, Kinesiology Department, Seaside, CA, USA
| | - K J Adams
- California State University Monterey Bay, Kinesiology Department, Seaside, CA, USA
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Ah Sue R, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. Optimal Timing for Post-Activation Potentiation in Women Collegiate Volleyball Players. Sports (Basel) 2016; 4:sports4020027. [PMID: 29910275 PMCID: PMC5968915 DOI: 10.3390/sports4020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-activation potentiation (PAP) has been shown to acutely amplify muscular power output and may be advantageous for athletes looking to improve performance. PAP may have an acute window of effectiveness between 2 to 20 min. With correct timing and implementation it may be possible to induce PAP in competitive situations. The purpose of this study was to examine the time frame of potentiation following a PAP warm-up in collegiate female volleyball players. In this study, nine female collegiate volleyball players completed three laboratory sessions over the course of 10 days. During the first session, the athlete’s 5-RM back squat was determined for subsequent use as the conditioning activity to initiate PAP. A repeated measures experimental design was then employed for Sessions 2 and 3 where half of the participants alternately performed either a dynamic or PAP warm-up prior to performing a standing long jump (SLJ) at 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 min. A mixed-factor repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effects of the two warm-up strategies (PAP vs. dynamic) on standing long jump (SLJ) performance across time. There was a significant effect for time (p < 0.01) and warm-up strategy (p < 0.01). Bonferroni post hoc techniques determined that the SLJs that followed the PAP warm-up were significantly greater at 2 (4.8%), 6 (3.6%), and 10 (3.6%) min compared to SLJs post-dynamic warm-up (p < 0.05). However, those differences did not persist at 14 or 18 min (p > 0.05). Further analysis included non-parametric pairwise comparisons (Wilcoxon signed-rank tests) between the SLJ scores at 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 min (PAP vs. dynamic). The non-parametric results were consistent with the parametric results. Within the parameters of this study, it is concluded that performing a 5-RM back squat induces a measureable PAP effect for up to 10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ah Sue
- Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA.
| | - Kent J Adams
- Kinesiology Department California State University Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA 93955, USA.
| | - Mark DeBeliso
- Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA.
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Leininger LJ, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M. Differences in health promotion program participation, barriers and physical activity among faculty, staff and administration at a university worksite. International Journal of Workplace Health Management 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/ijwhm-10-2014-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– Health promotion programs (HPPs) are increasingly prevalent at universities due to the numerous documented benefits in other various work environments. However, universities are unique work environments with various job duties and responsibilities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine differences in participation in university HPPs among faculty, staff and administration. Further, barriers to participation were examined as well as an analysis of those meeting weekly physical activity (PA) recommendations.
Design/methodology/approach
– An electronic survey was sent to all employees at a large, metropolitan university (n=3,603), that inquired about participation in the university HPP in the last six months and their perceived barriers to participation. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess PA amount, and thus, if the employee was meeting the weekly PA recommendations was determined.
Findings
– Results (n=308) indicated a difference in HPP participation rates between all three job classifications (χ2: p
<
0.001; staff highest, faculty lowest). Unique barriers were identified for each job classification such as time constraints, following their own exercise program, and schedule conflicts. Results also indicated a difference in those meeting PA recommendations (χ2: p
<
0.001; faculty highest, staff lowest).
Originality/value
– The results of this study suggest that to maximize effectiveness of university HPPs, administrators should recognize the differences in barriers to participation among different classifications of university employees; specific needs per job classification should also be considered. By taking these types of factors into consideration when planning, university HPPs can target specific employees with evidence-based communications and strategies for optimal participation, effectiveness and outcomes.
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DeBeliso M, Boham M, Carson C, Leininger L, Berning J, Sevene T, Harris C, Adams KJ. Grip Strength as a Measure of Body Strength in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477326.88956.5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fackler J, Boyer K, Luke RC, Adams KJ. Fatigue Index vs Peak Power as an Accurate Predictor of Mountain Biking Performance in High School Mountain Bike Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000476961.73084.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Leininger LJ, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Orozco BZ. Differences in Participation in University Worksite Health Promotion Programs and Physical Activity Between Faculty, Staff and Administration. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477496.43360.6e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bishop A, DeBeliso M, Sevene TG, Adams KJ. Comparing one repetition maximum and three repetition maximum between conventional and eccentrically loaded deadlifts. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 28:1820-5. [PMID: 24276311 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study determined if an eccentrically loaded deadlift yields a higher 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and 3RM than a conventional deadlift and if the 1RM conventional and eccentrically loaded deadlift can be accurately estimated from the 3RM (3RM = 93% of 1RM). Division 1 football players (n = 15; 20.3 ± 1.9 years; 95.8 ± 18.2 kg; 184.4 ± 6.6 cm) participated. Deadlift 1RM and 3RM were measured in the conventional and eccentrically loaded deadlift. Dependent t-tests showed no significant difference between the 3RM and 1RM conventional deadlift and the 3RM and 1RM eccentrically loaded deadlift (p = 0.30 and p = 0.20, respectively). Pearson correlation between the 1RM conventional deadlift estimate and 1RM conventional deadlift actual was r = 0.91 (p ≤ 0.01); a dependent t-test indicated the 1RM conventional deadlift estimate was significantly less than the 1RM conventional deadlift actual (p = 0.007). Pearson correlation between the 1RM eccentrically loaded deadlift estimate and 1RM eccentrically loaded deadlift actual was r = 0.84 (p ≤ 0.01); a dependent t-test indicated the 1RM eccentrically loaded deadlift estimate was nearly significantly less than the 1RM eccentrically loaded deadlift actual (p = 0.061). Results suggest that conventional and eccentrically loaded deadlifts may be interchangeable within a training program; this may elicit the benefits of using a broader variety of ground-based multijoint compound movements in an athlete's strength and power training. Additionally, because of differences between predicted and actual 1RM scores in the deadlift, strength coaches should prioritize actual 1RM testing of their athletes to optimize deadlift training loads across the RM continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bishop
- 1Department of Physical Education and Human Performance, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah; and 2Department of Kinesiology, California State University Monterey Bay, Seaside, California
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Berning JM, DeBeliso M, Sevene TG, Adams KJ, Salmon P, Stamford BA. Accuracy of physical self-description among chronic exercisers and non-exercisers. Health Psychol Res 2014; 2:1746. [PMID: 26973947 PMCID: PMC4768592 DOI: 10.4081/hpr.2014.1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study addressed the role of chronic exercise to enhance physical self-description as measured by self-estimated percent body fat. Accuracy of physical self-description was determined in normal-weight, regularly exercising and non-exercising males with similar body mass index (BMI)’s and females with similar BMI’s (n=42 males and 45 females of which 23 males and 23 females met criteria to be considered chronic exercisers). Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the degree of agreement between self-estimated percent body fat and actual laboratory measurements (hydrostatic weighing). Three statistical techniques were employed: Pearson correlation coefficients, Bland and Altman plots, and regression analysis. Agreement between measured and self-estimated percent body fat was superior for males and females who exercised chronically, compared to non-exercisers. The clinical implications are as follows. Satisfaction with one’s body can be influenced by several factors, including self-perceived body composition. Dissatisfaction can contribute to maladaptive and destructive weight management behaviors. The present study suggests that regular exercise provides a basis for more positive weight management behaviors by enhancing the accuracy of self-assessed body composition.
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Leininger LJ, Orozco BZ, Adams KJ. Evaluation of a Worksite Walking Competition on Stress and Physical Activity among Female University Employees. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000494331.74867.fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Walsh J, Climstein M, Heazlewood IT, Kettunen J, Burke S, Debeliso M, Adams KJ. Body mass index for athletes participating in swimming at the World Masters Games. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2013; 53:162-168. [PMID: 23584323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Whilst there is growing evidence that physical activity across the lifespan is beneficial for improved health, there are many physiological changes involved with the aging process and subsequently the potential for reduced indices of health. The experimental aim was to gain improved understanding of the nexus between health, physical activity and aging by testing the hypothesis that prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) in the World Masters Games swimming cohort would be less than adult national populations. METHODS Body mass index (BMI) of 527 (49.7% male, 50.3% female) World Masters Games (WMG) swimmers aged 25-91 yrs (mean 54.3, standard deviation ±12.2) was investigated using a survey tool. RESULTS Analysis demonstrated significantly (χ2=44.9, P<0.001) reduced obesity (9% vs. 21%) when compared to the adult (aged ≥18years) Australian as well as other appropriate national populations. Investigation revealed, amongst other findings, that in line with trends shown in the adult Australian population, WMG male swimmers had a significantly higher BMI (mean 25.9 vs. 24.6) than their female counterparts (Z=-5.8, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Evidence of improved classification in one index of health (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) for WMG swimmers raised the possibility of improved classification due to adherence to sport or that reduced BMI was advantageous, contributing to this cohort competing at the WMG. This proportionately under-investigated population having reduced obesity over national populations was of particular interest given the obesity epidemic, the multi-faceted approaches taken globally in an attempt to halt this epidemic and a usual tendency for increased incidence of obesity with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Walsh
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Harris C, Wattles AP, DeBeliso M, Sevene-Adams PG, Berning JM, Adams KJ. The Seated Medicine Ball Throw as a Test of Upper Body Power in Older Adults. J Strength Cond Res 2011; 25:2344-8. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181ecd27b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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DeBeliso M, Adams KJ, Climstein M, Walsh J, Burke S, Heazlewood IT, Kettunen J. World Masters Games: North American Participant Medical and Health History Survey. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000401503.38438.d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Berning JM, Lawrence M, Winchell K, Sevene PG, Carson CA, Adams KJ. The Addition of Variable Weight Loads in Warm-Up Has No Effect On Vertical Jump. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402412.58820.d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Walsh J, Burke S, Heazlewood IT, Kettunen J, Climstein M. Motivations to Participate in Sport at the Sydney 2009 World Masters Games. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402628.93915.fc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Whiteford S, Zaro K, Lawrence M, Sevene PG, Berning JM, Adams KJ. Effect Of An Overload Warm-up On Sprint Cycling Power. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402413.95289.df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
AIM Colorectal Nurse Specialist (CNS) clinics for postoperative follow up of colorectal cancer aim to maintain clinical efficacy while reducing costs. We prospectively studied the efficacy and financial implications of such a clinic. METHOD This was a prospective study of all patients attending CNS clinics over 3 years. A lower-risk protocol for patients with Dukes A was used over 3 years and a higher-risk protocol for patients with Dukes B, C or D was used over 5 years. Department of Health Pricing Charts were used to cost the follow-up protocols, and adjustment was performed to calculate the cost of each quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. RESULTS One hundred and ninety-three patients entered into this nurse-led follow-up protocol implemented by the CNS clinic between 2005 and 2007. The Dukes stages and proportions of patients in each stage were as follows: stage A, 13%; stage B, 8%; stage C, 36.3%; and stage D, 9.3%. Ninety-seven per cent underwent curative treatment and 2.6% had palliative treatment. Twenty-one per cent of patients developed recurrent disease. Overall actuarial 5-year survival was 80% and recurrences had a 30% 5-year actuarial survival. The total cost per patient for 3 years of follow up was £1506 and £1179 for lower-risk rectal and nonrectal cancers, respectively. The adjusted cost for each QALY gained for lower-risk tumours was £1914. The total cost per patient with higher-risk tumours was £1814 and £1487 for rectal and nonrectal tumours, respectively. The adjusted cost for each QALY gained was £2180 for higher-risk tumours. CONCLUSIONS This clinic demonstrated cost-effective detection of recurrent disease. Computed tomography (CT) was the most sensitive alert test. As all recurrences were detected within 4 years, we suggest that this is the indicated time to follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jeyarajah
- Departments of Colorectal Surgery, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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Berning JM, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Sevene-Adams PG, Harris C, Stamford BA. Effect of functional isometric squats on vertical jump in trained and untrained men. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24:2285-9. [PMID: 20683353 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181e7ff9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Functional isometrics (FIs) combine dynamic and isometric muscle actions and may hyperstimulate the nervous system leading to an enhanced postactivation potentiation (PAP) and improved subsequent performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of an FI squat on the countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) in resistance trained and untrained men. Thirteen trained men (age: 22.8 +/- 3.2 years, mass: 90.0 +/- 16.3 kg, and height: 178.9 +/- 7.1 cm) and 8 untrained men (age: 28.5 +/- 5.9 years, mass: 101.5 +/- 23.0 kg, and height: 177.0 +/- 4.8 cm) participated. On separate days, subjects performed CMVJs after 2 different warm-up conditions. The warm-up conditions consisted of either 5 minutes of low-intensity cycling or 5 minutes of low-intensity cycling plus a 3-second FI squat with 150% of their 1 repetition maximum (1RM). A 2 x 3 repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc revealed that when comparing the 2 warm-up conditions in the trained subjects, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in CMVJ occurred at 4 minutes (2.4 cm, +5.1%) post-FI squat. This increase was maintained when subjects were retested at 5 minutes post (2.6 cm, + 5.5%). No significant difference in CMVJ was detected in the untrained group (p = 0.49). Results support the addition of an FI squat performed at 150% of 1RM to a low-intensity cycling warm-up to enhance PAP in resistance trained but not in untrained men as measured by CMVJ. Practically, adding functional isometrics to a warm-up scheme may significantly enhance acute, short-term power output in resistance trained men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Berning
- Department of Human Performance, Dance and Recreation, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA
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Berning JM, Deneke N, Lawrence M, Winchell K, Sevene-Adams PG, Adams KJ. Effect of Weighted Jump Warm-Up on Vertical Jump in Division II Male Basketball Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000384659.15385.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Sevene-Adams PG, Berning JM, Miller T, Tollerud DJ. Physiological and psychophysical comparison between a lifting task with identical weight but different coupling factors. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24:307-12. [PMID: 20072069 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181c8c84e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the revised NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) lifting equation is to prevent or reduce lifting-related injuries. The coupling component of the equation relates to quality of the grip (i.e., hand-to-object interface) and can be rated good, fair, or poor. Good coupling is theorized to reduce lifting stress, whereas poor coupling is theorized to increase lifting stress. This study compared the physiological and psychophysical stress between a lifting task with identical weight but different coupling factors. Subjects (n = 21; 26 +/- 6 years; 177.8 +/- 7.8 cm; 73.9 +/- 10.7 kg) transferred a milk crate or bag of dog food each weighing 12.5 kg back and forth from the floor to a table for 2, paced, 5-minute work bouts. Steady-state metabolic data were used to compare the lifting tasks. Results showed significantly higher oxygen consumption, caloric cost, heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion during the lifting task using the milk crate vs. the bag of dog food (p < 0.05). No difference in respiratory exchange ratio was observed (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a significantly higher metabolic cost and perceived exertion was observed when subjects performed a paced two-handed lifting task with good coupling factors than when using an object with poor coupling factors. When lifting stress is measured by metabolic cost and perceived exertion, these results are in contrast to expectations that a poor quality grip (i.e., poor coupling) would increase stress of a lifting task. Results of this study may help the work-place practitioner make decisions related to the use of the revised NIOSH lifting equation in the design and pacing of lifting-related tasks. Improved decision making may benefit productivity and enhance injury prevention in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent J Adams
- Exercise Physiology Lab, Kinesiology Department, California State University Monterey Bay, Seaside, California, USA.
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Harris C, Wattles AP, DeBeliso M, Adams KJ, Berning JM. The Seated Medicine Ball Throw As A Test Of Upper Body Power In Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000355680.37294.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Berning JM, Murphy MJ, Adams KJ, Carson CA, Harris C, Stamford BA. Effect Of Functional Isometric Squats On 40 Yard Dash In Males: Post-activation Potentiation Pilot Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000355868.81495.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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DeBeliso MARK, Fichtner D, Murdock L, Adams KJ. Grip Norms And Reliability Of The Hand Grip Forcemap System. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000355309.18515.d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Berning JM, Mallander S, Pedersen SJ, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Stamford BA, Maud PJ. Thirty Seconds of Continuous Weighted Jumping Increases Power Output: A Post-Activation Potentiation Response. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000322421.47378.00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Adams KJ, Sevene-Adams PG, DeBeliso M, Berning JM, Harris C, Stamford B. Metabolic Comparison of a One-Handed Lifting Task with Identical Weight but Different Coupling Factors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000323426.59348.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Debeliso M, Adams KJ, Sevene-Adams P, Harris C, Berning J, Climstein M. The Metabolic Stress Experienced by Agricultural Workers During a Typical Day of Labor. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000323416.31533.e0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mallander S, Berning JM, Pedersen SJ, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Stamford BA, Maud PJ. 5RM Bench Press Increases Medicine Ball Put Distance in Trained Males and Females. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000322431.31238.1b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Carson CA, Berning JM, Mallander S, DeBeliso M, Adams KJ, Stamford BA, Maud PJ. Physical Self-Description is More Accurate in Exercisers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000323103.17631.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Berning JM, Adams KJ, DeBeliso M, Stamford BA, Newman IM. Anabolic androgenic steroids: use and perceived use in nonathlete college students. J Am Coll Health 2008; 56:499-503. [PMID: 18400661 DOI: 10.3200/jach.56.5.499-504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors investigated the use and perceived use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) among nonathlete college students. PARTICIPANTS The authors surveyed a sample of 485 nonathlete college students at a major metropolitan university. METHODS They administered a survey on use and perceived use of AAS to the students. RESULTS Forty-two participants (9%) reported using AAS (37 men, 5 women). Seniors were the most likely to use AAS (36%), and freshman the least likely (7%). Thirty-four percent of nonusers and 41% of users indicated they knew between 1 and 5 AAS users. Of the total sample, 36% perceived that 5% to 10% of nonathlete college students used AAS. Reasons for AAS use were because friends were using (7%), a desire to enhance physical appearance (45%), and a desire to increase physical performance (48%). CONCLUSIONS These findings may have significant implications in planning strategic preventive educational programs, and health educators should target incoming college freshmen with the intent of dissuading AAS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Berning
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA.
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Harris C, DeBeliso M, Adams KJ, Irmischer BS, Spitzer Gibson TA. Detraining in the older adult: effects of prior training intensity on strength retention. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21:813-8. [PMID: 17685673 DOI: 10.1519/r-15654.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the influence of training intensity on strength retention and loss incurred during detraining in older adults. In a previous study, untrained seniors (age = 71.0 +/- 5.0; n = 61) were randomly divided into 3 exercise groups and 1 control group. Exercise groups trained 2 days per week for 18 weeks with equivalent volumes and acute program variables but intensities of 2 x 15 repetitions maximum (RM), 3 x 9RM, or 4 x 6RM. Thirty of the original training subjects (age 71.5 +/- 5.2 years) participated in a 20-week detraining period. A 1RM for 8 exercises was obtained pre- and posttraining and at 6 and 20 weeks of detraining. The total of 1RM for the 8 exercises served as the dependent variable. Analysis of variance procedures demonstrated significant increases in strength with training (44-51%; p < 0.05), but no group effect. All training groups demonstrated significant strength decreases at both 6 and 20 weeks of detraining independent of prior training intensity (all group average 4.5% at 6 weeks and 13.5% at 20 weeks; p < 0.04). However, total-body strength was significantly greater than pretraining values after the detraining period (all group average 82% at 6 weeks and 49% at 20 weeks; p < 0.001). The results suggest that when older adults participate in progressive resistance exercise for 18 weeks, then stop resistance training (i.e., detrain), strength losses occur at both 6 and 20 weeks of detraining independent of prior resistance training intensity. However, despite the strength losses, significant levels of strength are retained even after 20 weeks of detraining. The results have important implications for resistance-trained older adults who could undergo planned or unplanned training interruptions of up to 5 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Harris
- Center for Orthopaedic and Biomechanics Research, Department of Kinesiology, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
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Abstract
Junkyard training involves heavy, cumbersome implements and nontraditional movement patterns for unique training of athletes. This study assessed the metabolic demands of pushing and pulling a 1,960-kg motor vehicle (MV) 400 m in an all-out maximal effort. Six male, strength-trained athletes (29 +/- 5 years; 89 +/- 12 kg) completed 3 sessions. Sessions 1 and 2 were randomly assigned and entailed either pushing or pulling the MV. Oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously. Blood lactate was sampled immediately prior to and 5 minutes after sessions 1 and 2. Vertical jump was assessed immediately prior to and after sessions 1 and 2. During session 3 a treadmill VO(2)max test was conducted. No significant differences (p < 0.05) in VO(2), HR, or blood lactate occurred between pushing and pulling efforts. VO(2) and HR peaked in the first 100 m, and from 100 m on, VO(2) and HR averaged 65% and 96% of treadmill maximum values (VO(2)max = 50.3 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1); HRmax = 194 b x min(-1)). Blood lactate response from the push and pull averaged 15.6 mmol.L(-1), representing 131% of the maximal treadmill running value. Vertical jump decreased significantly pre to post in both conditions (mean = -10.1 cm, 17%). All subjects experienced dizziness and nausea. In conclusion, a 400-m MV push or pull is an exhausting training technique that requires a very high anaerobic energy output and should be considered an advanced form of training. Strength coaches must be aware of the ultra-high metabolic and neuromuscular stresses that can be imposed by this type of training and take these factors into consideration when plotting individualized training and recovery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Berning
- Department of Physical Educaiton, Recreation and Dance, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
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Abstract
Research regarding the effect of cold exposure on metabolism and substrate utilisation during exercise has produced inconsistent results. Intensity of exercise and training status of subjects are known to impact metabolism and substrate utilisation regardless of environmental conditions. Duration and intensity of cold exposure during exercise also may exert impact. Thus, systematic manipulation of these variables (fitness, intensity of exercise, cold conditions) should provide a means to determine metabolic and substrate utilisation patterns when exercising in the cold. However, a number of variables have been introduced into research methodologies that may confound results. Duration and intensity of cold exposure prior to exercise, and acclimation and clothing status of subjects may confound or override the influence of other variables. Future research addressing the impact of cold exposure on metabolism and substrate utilisation during exercise must attempt to isolate and control each influential factor (prior to and during exercise), and must be alert to the interactive effects that can occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Michael Jett
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
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Adams KJ, Miller T, DeBeliso M, Harris C, Berning JM, Sevene-Adams PG. Metabolic Comparison Between a Lifting Task with Identical Weight but Different Coupling Factors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pfeiffer RP, Sabick M, Kipp K, Kipp K, DeBeliso M, Shea KG, Adams KJ. Effects of Gender on Landing Mechanics in an Unanticipated Landing Task in Children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Berg K, Harris C, Kipp K, DeBeliso M, Bennett M, Adams KJ. The Effects of Fatigue from Rapid Acceleration and Decelerations on Jump Landing Kinetics. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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