Parker SH, Jesso MN, Wolf LD, Leigh KA, Booth S, Gualandi N, Garrick RE, Kliger AS, Patel PR. Human Factors Contributing to Infection Prevention in Outpatient Hemodialysis Centers: A Mixed Methods Study.
Am J Kidney Dis 2024:S0272-6386(24)00626-7. [PMID:
38447708 DOI:
10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.12.024]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE
Infection prevention efforts in dialysis centers can avert patient morbidity and mortality but are challenging to implement. The objective of this study was to better understand how the design of the work system might contribute to infection prevention in outpatient dialysis centers.
STUDY DESIGN
Mixed methods, observational study.
SETTING & PARTICIPANTS
Six dialysis facilities across the United States visited by a multidisciplinary team over 8 months.
ANALYTICAL APPROACH
At each facility, structured macroergonomic observations were undertaken by a multidisciplinary team using the SEIPS 1.0 model. Ethnographic observations were collected about staff encounters with dialysis patients including the content of staff conversations. Selective and axial coding were used for qualitative analysis and quantitative data were reported using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS
Organizational and sociotechnical barriers and facilitators to infection prevention in the outpatient dialysis setting were identified. Features related to human performance, (eg, alarms, interruptions, and task stacking), work system design (eg, physical space, scheduling, leadership, and culture), and extrinsic factors (eg, patient-related characteristics) were identified.
LIMITATIONS
This was an exploratory evaluation with a small sample size.
CONCLUSIONS
This study used a systematic macroergonomic approach in multiple outpatient dialysis facilities to identify infection prevention barriers and facilitators related to human performance. Several features common across facilities were identified that may influence infection prevention in outpatient care and warrant further exploration.
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