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Hoppmann RA, Rao VV, Bell F, Poston MB, Howe DB, Riffle S, Harris S, Riley R, McMahon C, Wilson LB, Blanck E, Richeson NA, Thomas LK, Hartman C, Neuffer FH, Keisler BD, Sims KM, Garber MD, Shuler CO, Blaivas M, Chillag SA, Wagner M, Barron K, Davis D, Wells JR, Kenney DJ, Hall JW, Bornemann PH, Schrift D, Hunt PS, Owens WB, Smith RS, Jackson AG, Hagon K, Wilson SP, Fowler SD, Catroppo JF, Rizvi AA, Powell CK, Cook T, Brown E, Navarro FA, Thornhill J, Burgis J, Jennings WR, McCallum JB, Nottingham JM, Kreiner J, Haddad R, Augustine JR, Pedigo NW, Catalana PV. The evolution of an integrated ultrasound curriculum (iUSC) for medical students: 9-year experience. Crit Ultrasound J 2015; 7:18. [PMID: 26589313 PMCID: PMC4654731 DOI: 10.1186/s13089-015-0035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in ultrasound education in medical schools has increased dramatically in recent years as reflected in a marked increase in publications on the topic and growing attendance at international meetings on ultrasound education. In 2006, the University of South Carolina School of Medicine introduced an integrated ultrasound curriculum (iUSC) across all years of medical school. That curriculum has evolved significantly over the 9 years. A review of the curriculum is presented, including curricular content, methods of delivery of the content, student assessment, and program assessment. Lessons learned in implementing and expanding an integrated ultrasound curriculum are also presented as are thoughts on future directions of undergraduate ultrasound education. Ultrasound has proven to be a valuable active learning tool that can serve as a platform for integrating the medical student curriculum across many disciplines and clinical settings. It is also well-suited for a competency-based model of medical education. Students learn ultrasound well and have embraced it as an important component of their education and future practice of medicine. An international consensus conference on ultrasound education is recommended to help define the essential elements of ultrasound education globally to ensure ultrasound is taught and ultimately practiced to its full potential. Ultrasound has the potential to fundamentally change how we teach and practice medicine to the benefit of learners and patients across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Hoppmann
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Victor V Rao
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Floyd Bell
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Mary Beth Poston
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Duncan B Howe
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Shaun Riffle
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Stephen Harris
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Ruth Riley
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Carol McMahon
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - L Britt Wilson
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Erika Blanck
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Nancy A Richeson
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Lynn K Thomas
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Celia Hartman
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Francis H Neuffer
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Brian D Keisler
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Kerry M Sims
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Matthew D Garber
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - C Osborne Shuler
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Michael Blaivas
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Shawn A Chillag
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Michael Wagner
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Keith Barron
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Danielle Davis
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - James R Wells
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Donald J Kenney
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Jeffrey W Hall
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Paul H Bornemann
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - David Schrift
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Patrick S Hunt
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - William B Owens
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - R Stephen Smith
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Allison G Jackson
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Kelsey Hagon
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Steven P Wilson
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Stanley D Fowler
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - James F Catroppo
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Ali A Rizvi
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Caroline K Powell
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Thomas Cook
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Eric Brown
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Fernando A Navarro
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Joshua Thornhill
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Judith Burgis
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - William R Jennings
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - James B McCallum
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - James M Nottingham
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - James Kreiner
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Robert Haddad
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - James R Augustine
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Norman W Pedigo
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Paul V Catalana
- Dorothea H. Krebs Endowed Chair of Ultrasound Education, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
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Hoppmann RA, Rao VV, Poston MB, Howe DB, Hunt PS, Fowler SD, Paulman LE, Wells JR, Richeson NA, Catalana PV, Thomas LK, Britt Wilson L, Cook T, Riffle S, Neuffer FH, McCallum JB, Keisler BD, Brown RS, Gregg AR, Sims KM, Powell CK, Garber MD, Morrison JE, Owens WB, Carnevale KA, Jennings WR, Fletcher S. An integrated ultrasound curriculum (iUSC) for medical students: 4-year experience. Crit Ultrasound J 2011; 3:1-12. [PMID: 21516137 PMCID: PMC3064888 DOI: 10.1007/s13089-011-0052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of the development and implementation of a 4-year medical student integrated ultrasound curriculum is presented. Multiple teaching and assessment modalities are discussed as well as results from testing and student surveys. Lessons learned while establishing the curriculum are summarized. It is concluded that ultrasound is a well received, valuable teaching tool across all 4 years of medical school, and students learn ultrasound well, and they feel their ultrasound experience enhances their medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor V. Rao
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Mary Beth Poston
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Duncan B. Howe
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Patrick S. Hunt
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | | | - Lance E. Paulman
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - James R. Wells
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | | | - Paul V. Catalana
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Lynn K. Thomas
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - L. Britt Wilson
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Thomas Cook
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Shaun Riffle
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | | | | | - Brian D. Keisler
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Rachel S. Brown
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Anthony R. Gregg
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | - Kerry M. Sims
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | | | | | | | - William B. Owens
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah Fletcher
- School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, USA
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