1
|
Allain SJR, Leech DI, Hopkins K, Seilern-Moy K, Rodriguez-Ramos Fernandez J, Griffiths RA, Lawson B. Characterisation, prevalence and severity of skin lesions caused by ophidiomycosis in a population of wild snakes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5162. [PMID: 38431688 PMCID: PMC10908839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ophidiomycosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting wild snakes in the Northern Hemisphere. Recently confirmed in Great Britain, the prevalence, severity and significance of ophidiomycosis has yet to be characterised in free-living snakes at a population level in Europe. Therefore, a population of barred grass snakes (Natrix helvetica) in eastern England was monitored for three seasons (May 2019 to October 2021), to investigate the prevalence (25.5%; 191/750 snakes) and severity of skin lesions and their aetiology. The most frequently observed skin lesion characteristics were changes in scale colour, crusting, and scale margin erosion. The majority of such lesions (96.9%; 185/191 snakes) was observed on the ventral surface along the length of the body. The severity of skin lesions was considered mild in more than half of the cases (53.1%; 98/191 snakes). Predominantly, skin lesions were observed in adult snakes (72.8%; 139/191 snakes). Combined histological examinations and qPCR tests of skin lesions from N. helvetica sloughs and/or carcasses confirmed a diagnosis of ophidiomycosis. Further targeted surveillance, supported by molecular and histological examinations to confirm skin lesion aetiology, is required to determine the extent to which our findings reflect the occurrence of ophidiomycosis in populations within wider landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J R Allain
- Durrell Institute of Ecology and Conservation, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, UK
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - David I Leech
- British Trust for Ornithology, The Nunnery, Thetford, Norfolk, IP24 2PU, UK
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Katharina Seilern-Moy
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | | | - Richard A Griffiths
- Durrell Institute of Ecology and Conservation, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, UK.
| | - Becki Lawson
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jones I, Marsh K, Handby TM, Hopkins K, Slezacek J, Bearhop S, Harrison XA. The influence of diet on gut microbiome and body mass dynamics in a capital-breeding migratory bird. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16682. [PMID: 38130921 PMCID: PMC10734429 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-associated microbial communities are known to play a vital role in the health and fitness of their hosts. Though studies investigating the factors associated with among-individual variation in microbiome structure in wild animal species are increasing, knowledge of this variation at the individual level is scarce, despite the clear link between microbiome and nutritional status uncovered in humans and model organisms. Here, we combine detailed observational data on life history and foraging preference with 16S rRNA profiling of the faecal microbiome to investigate the relationship between diet, microbiome stability and rates of body mass gain in a migratory capital-breeding bird, the light-bellied Brent goose (Branta bernicla hrota). Our findings suggest that generalist feeders have microbiomes that are intermediate in diversity and composition between two foraging specialisms, and also show higher within-individual plasticity. We also suggest a link between foraging phenotype and the rates of mass gain during the spring staging of a capital breeder. This study offers rare insight into individual-level temporal dynamics of the gut microbiome of a wild host. Further work is needed to uncover the functional link between individual dietary choices, gut microbiome structure and stability, and the implications this has for the reproductive success of this capital breeder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Jones
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Marsh
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| | - Tess M. Handby
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Socety of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Slezacek
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stuart Bearhop
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier A. Harrison
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fieschi-Méric L, Van Leeuwen P, Hopkins K, Bournonville M, Denoël M, Lesbarrères D. Strong restructuration of skin microbiota during captivity challenges ex-situ conservation of amphibians. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1111018. [PMID: 36891392 PMCID: PMC9986596 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1111018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to the current worldwide amphibian extinction crisis, conservation instances have encouraged the establishment of ex-situ collections for endangered species. The resulting assurance populations are managed under strict biosecure protocols, often involving artificial cycles of temperature and humidity to induce active and overwintering phases, which likely affect the bacterial symbionts living on the amphibian skin. However, the skin microbiota is an important first line of defense against pathogens that can cause amphibian declines, such as the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Determining whether current husbandry practices for assurance populations might deplete amphibians from their symbionts is therefore essential to conservation success. Here, we characterize the effect of the transitions from the wild to captivity, and between aquatic and overwintering phases, on the skin microbiota of two newt species. While our results confirm differential selectivity of skin microbiota between species, they underscore that captivity and phase-shifts similarly affect their community structure. More specifically, the translocation ex-situ is associated with rapid impoverishment, decrease in alpha diversity and strong species turnover of bacterial communities. Shifts between active and overwintering phases also cause changes in the diversity and composition of the microbiota, and on the prevalence of Bd-inhibitory phylotypes. Altogether, our results suggest that current husbandry practices strongly restructure the amphibian skin microbiota. Although it remains to be determined whether these changes are reversible or have deleterious effects on their hosts, we discuss methods to limit microbial diversity loss ex-situ and emphasize the importance of integrating bacterial communities to applied amphibian conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léa Fieschi-Méric
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Amphibians (LECA), Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Biology Department, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | | | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London (ZSL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Bournonville
- Aquarium-Muséum de l'Université de Liège, Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), Liège, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Denoël
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Amphibians (LECA), Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - David Lesbarrères
- Biology Department, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada.,Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hogan RI, Hopkins K, Wheeler AJ, Yesson C, Allcock AL. Evolution of mitochondrial and nuclear genomes in Pennatulacea. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 178:107630. [PMID: 36182053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We examine the phylogeny of sea pens using sequences of whole mitochondrial genomes and the nuclear ribosomal cluster generated through low coverage Illumina sequencing. Taxon sampling includes 30 species in 19 genera representing 13 families. Ancestral state reconstruction shows that most sea pen mitochondrial genomes have the ancestral gene order, and that Pennatulacea with diverse gene orders are found in a single clade. The monophyly of Pennatulidae and Protoptilidae are rejected by both the mitochondrial and nuclear dataset, while the mitochondrial dataset further rejects monophyly of Virgulariidae, and the nuclear dataset rejects monophyly of Kophobelemnidae. We show discordance between nuclear ribosomal gene cluster phylogenies and whole mitochondrial genome phylogenies and highlight key Pennatulacea taxa that could be included in cnidarian genome-wide studies to better resolve the sea pen tree of life. We further illustrate how well frequently sequenced markers capture the overall diversity of the mitochondrial genome and the nuclear ribosomal genes in sea pens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raissa I Hogan
- School of Natural Sciencecs & Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Wheeler
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Science, Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Chris Yesson
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, UK
| | - A Louise Allcock
- School of Natural Sciencecs & Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yarger J, Elmes S, Rossetto I, Hopkins K, Van Liefde D, Marquez L, Harper CC. P078Use of direct-to-consumer telemedicine companies for contraception among young adults. Contraception 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Gerdts C, Fuentes L, Grossman D, White K, Keefe-Oates B, Baum SE, Hopkins K, Stolp CW, Potter JE. Impact of Clinic Closures on Women Obtaining Abortion Services After Implementation of a Restrictive Law in Texas. Am J Public Health 2022; 112:1297-1304. [PMID: 35969823 PMCID: PMC9382170 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303134r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
7
|
Hopkins K, Sinsky CA. Taking Team-Based Care to the Next Level. Fam Pract Manag 2022; 29:25-31. [PMID: 35536298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
|
8
|
Doody E, Malone A, Gallagher B, Hopkins K, Weir D, Nolan M, Kowalska-Beda P, Naughton M. Quality Improvement Within a Mental Health Setting: Alcohol Detoxification. Ir Med J 2022; 115:516. [PMID: 35279050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aims We describe a clinical audit on alcohol detoxification, using NICE guidelines as a comparable standard. NICE guidelines recommend completing a thorough alcohol history, documentation of a physical examination including screening for Wernicke's encephalopathy, monitoring of vital signs and liver investigations. Breath alcohol level and standardised assessment of withdrawal should be completed in addition to documentation of chlordiazepoxide and thiamine prescriptions. The reported mental health service completed the first cycle of the audit as part of a large-scale, international audit on alcohol detoxification by the Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health, UK (POMH-UK). Two additional audit cycles were completed within the service to ensure continuous quality improvement and clinical effectiveness. Methods Retrospective chart reviews were performed for admissions within pre-defined 6-month periods. Inclusion criteria: ICD-10 F10 diagnosis; prescription of alcohol detoxification schedule. Results This mental health service demonstrated greater compliance with the NICE standards in comparison to other services in the POMH-UK audit. The second-cycle audit showed increased compliance in most areas compared to the initial results. The third-cycle audit focused on two specific areas that required improvement to optimise quality improvement - Breath Alcohol Level and Clinical Institute of Withdrawal Assessment, documentation of which improved from 79% to 85% and 39% to 91% respectively in the final audit cycle. Conclusion The results of this audit indicate that adherence to defined clinical standards within this mental health service exceeds that of the benchmark POMH-UK data. The effectiveness of electronic patient records in improving adherence to set clinical standards, specifically in relation to documentation of clinical parameters is evident. The report also confirms continued improved results with each audit cycle within the service.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Doody
- St. Patrick's Mental Health Services, James Street, Dublin 8
| | - A Malone
- Drogheda Department of Psychiatry, Drogheda, Co. Louth
| | - B Gallagher
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4
| | - K Hopkins
- St. Patrick's Mental Health Services, James Street, Dublin 8
| | - D Weir
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4
| | - M Nolan
- Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, Dublin 6
| | - P Kowalska-Beda
- St. Patrick's Mental Health Services, James Street, Dublin 8
| | - M Naughton
- St. Patrick's Mental Health Services, James Street, Dublin 8
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Taku N, Polo A, Zubizarreta EH, Prasad RR, Hopkins K. External Beam Radiotherapy in Western Africa: 1969-2019. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:e511-e520. [PMID: 34140206 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We describe the absolute and per capita numbers of megavoltage radiotherapy machines (MVMs) in Western Africa from 1969 to 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS Western Africa was defined in accordance with the United Nations' delineation and inclusive of 16 countries. A literature search for publications detailing the number of cobalt-60 machines (COs) and linear accelerators (LINACs) in radiotherapy centres was carried out. Population data from the World Bank Group and crude cancer rates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer were used to calculate ratios of million persons per MVM and MVMs per 1000 cancer cases. RESULTS The numbers of MVMs in Western Africa in 1969, 1979, 1989, 1999 and 2009 were zero, two, three, six and nine, respectively. In 2019 there were 22 MVMs distributed across Ghana (five), Côte d'Ivoire (two), Mali (one), Mauritania (two), Nigeria (nine) and Senegal (three). Nine countries (56.3%) had no history of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). The largest increase in absolute EBRT capacity occurred from 2017 to 2019, during which 13 MVMs were commissioned. The largest decrease in EBRT capacity occurred from 2015 to 2017, during which four LINACs and three COs were rendered non-operational. The ratio of million persons per MVM improved from 67.0 in 1979 to 17.8 in 2019. As of 2019, there was 0.09 MVM per 1000 cancer cases. CONCLUSIONS Western African nations have experienced an increase in the absolute number of MVMs and per capita radiotherapy capacity during the last 50 years, especially in the last decade. As non-functional LINACs contributed to a temporary decline in the EBRT infrastructure, dual use of CO/LINAC technologies may act to promote the availability of EBRT treatment in centres with capacity for multiple MVMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Taku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - A Polo
- Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - E H Zubizarreta
- Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - R R Prasad
- State Cancer Institute, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna, India
| | - K Hopkins
- Applied Radiation Biology and Radiotherapy Section, Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jervis P, Pintanel P, Hopkins K, Wierzbicki C, Shelton JMG, Skelly E, Rosa GM, Almeida-Reinoso D, Eugenia-Ordoñez M, Ron S, Harrison X, Merino-Viteri A, Fisher MC. Post-epizootic microbiome associations across communities of neotropical amphibians. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:1322-1335. [PMID: 33411382 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbiome-pathogen interactions are increasingly recognized as an important element of host immunity. While these host-level interactions will have consequences for community disease dynamics, the factors which influence host microbiomes at larger scales are poorly understood. We here describe landscape-scale pathogen-microbiome associations within the context of post-epizootic amphibian chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the panzootic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. We undertook a survey of Neotropical amphibians across altitudinal gradients in Ecuador ~30 years following the observed amphibian declines and collected skin swab-samples which were metabarcoded using both fungal (ITS-2) and bacterial (r16S) amplicons. The data revealed marked variation in patterns of both B. dendrobatidis infection and microbiome structure that are associated with host life history. Stream breeding amphibians were most likely to be infected with B. dendrobatidis. This increased probability of infection was further associated with increased abundance and diversity of non-Batrachochytrium chytrid fungi in the skin and environmental microbiome. We also show that increased alpha diversity and the relative abundance of fungi are lower in the skin microbiome of adult stream amphibians compared to adult pond-breeding amphibians, an association not seen for bacteria. Finally, stream tadpoles exhibit lower proportions of predicted protective microbial taxa than pond tadpoles, suggesting reduced biotic resistance. Our analyses show that host breeding ecology strongly shapes pathogen-microbiome associations at a landscape scale, a trait that may influence resilience in the face of emerging infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Jervis
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.,Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK.,Department of Chemistry, UCL, London, UK.,Laboratorio de Ecofisiología and Museo de Zoología (QCAZ), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pol Pintanel
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología and Museo de Zoología (QCAZ), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.,Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Wierzbicki
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.,Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer M G Shelton
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Emily Skelly
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.,Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Gonçalo M Rosa
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK.,Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diego Almeida-Reinoso
- Museo de Zoologίa (QCAZ), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Catόlica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.,SARgrillo: Ex situ Management Program of Endangered Amphibians and Insect Breeding program, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria Eugenia-Ordoñez
- Fungario QCAM, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Santiago Ron
- Museo de Zoologίa (QCAZ), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Catόlica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Xavier Harrison
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Andrés Merino-Viteri
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología and Museo de Zoología (QCAZ), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Matthew C Fisher
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anacak Y, Zubizarreta E, Zaghloul M, Laskar S, Alert J, Gondhowiardjo S, Giselvania A, Correa-Villar R, Pedrosa F, Dorj B, Kamer S, Howard SC, Quintana Y, Ribeiro RC, Rosenblatt E, Hopkins K. The Practice of Paediatric Radiation Oncology in Low- and Middle-income Countries: Outcomes of an International Atomic Energy Agency Study. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 33:e211-e220. [PMID: 33250288 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Childhood cancer survival is suboptimal in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Radiotherapy plays a significant role in the standard care of many patients. To assess the current status of paediatric radiotherapy, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) undertook a global survey and a review of practice in eight leading treatment centres in middle-income countries (MICs) under Coordinated Research Project E3.30.31; 'Paediatric radiation oncology practice in low and middle income countries: a patterns-of-care study by the International Atomic Energy Agency.' MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey of paediatric radiotherapy practices was distributed to 189 centres worldwide. Eight leading radiotherapy centres in MICs treating a significant number of children were selected and developed a database of individual patients treated in their centres comprising 46 variables related to radiotherapy technique. RESULTS Data were received from 134 radiotherapy centres in 42 countries. The percentage of children treated with curative intent fell sequentially from high-income countries (HICs; 82%) to low-income countries (53%). Increasing deficiencies were identified in diagnostic imaging, radiation staff numbers, radiotherapy technology and supportive care. More than 92.3% of centres in HICs practice multidisciplinary tumour board decision making, whereas only 65.5% of centres in LMICs use this process. Clinical guidelines were used in most centres. Practice in the eight specialist centres in MICs approximated more closely to that in HICs, but only 52% of patients were treated according to national/international protocols whereas institution-based protocols were used in 41%. CONCLUSIONS Quality levels in paediatric radiotherapy differ among countries but also between centres within countries. In many LMICs, resources are scarce, coordination with paediatric oncology is poor or non-existent and access to supportive care is limited. Multidisciplinary treatment planning enhances care and development may represent an area where external partners can help. Commitment to the use of protocols is evident, but current international guidelines may lack relevance; the development of resources that reflect the capacity and needs of LMICs is required. In some LMICs, there are already leading centres experienced in paediatric radiotherapy where patient care approximates to that in HICs. These centres have the potential to drive improvements in service, training, mentorship and research in their regions and ultimately to improve the care and outcomes for paediatric cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Anacak
- Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - M Zaghloul
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Children's Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Laskar
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - J Alert
- Instituto de Oncología y Radiobiología, Habana, Cuba
| | - S Gondhowiardjo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - A Giselvania
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - F Pedrosa
- Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil
| | - B Dorj
- National Cancer Centre, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - S Kamer
- Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - S C Howard
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - R C Ribeiro
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - E Rosenblatt
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Hopkins
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Taku N, Polo A, Zubizarreta E, Prasad R, Hopkins K. External Beam Radiotherapy in West Africa: 1979 - 2019. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
White K, Sierra G, Baum S, Hopkins K, Potter J, Grossman D. P19 Attitudes about second-trimester abortion and the impact of restrictive laws among reproductive-aged Texas women. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
14
|
Raifman S, Sierra G, Grossman D, Baum S, Hopkins K, Potter J, White K. O1 Out-of-state abortions increased for Texas residents after House Bill 2. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Harrison XA, Price SJ, Hopkins K, Leung WTM, Sergeant C, Garner TWJ. Diversity-Stability Dynamics of the Amphibian Skin Microbiome and Susceptibility to a Lethal Viral Pathogen. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2883. [PMID: 31956320 PMCID: PMC6951417 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation among animals in their host-associated microbial communities is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of important life history traits including growth, metabolism, and resistance to disease. Quantitative estimates of the factors shaping the stability of host microbiomes over time at the individual level in non-model organisms are scarce. Addressing this gap in our knowledge is important, as variation among individuals in microbiome stability may represent temporal gain or loss of key microbial species and functions linked to host health and/or fitness. Here we use controlled experiments to investigate how both heterogeneity in microbial species richness of the environment and exposure to the emerging pathogen Ranavirus influence the structure and temporal dynamics of the skin microbiome in a vertebrate host, the European common frog (Rana temporaria). Our evidence suggests that altering the bacterial species richness of the environment drives divergent temporal microbiome dynamics of the amphibian skin. Exposure to ranavirus effects changes in skin microbiome structure irrespective of total microbial diversity, but individuals with higher pre-exposure skin microbiome diversity appeared to exhibit higher survival. Higher diversity skin microbiomes also appear less stable over time compared to lower diversity microbiomes, but stability of the 100 most abundant ("core") community members was similar irrespective of microbiome richness. Our study highlights the importance of extrinsic factors in determining the stability of host microbiomes over time, which may in turn have important consequences for the stability of host-microbe interactions and microbiome-fitness correlations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier A Harrison
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Price
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom.,UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - William T M Leung
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Sergeant
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Trenton W J Garner
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McMahon WA, Aleo VA, Schultz AM, Horter BL, Lindberg KG, Allen M, Anderson L, Barnes R, Bellow S, Bokina C, Boulter T, Caulkins L, Ceizyk M, Chavey C, Eastep Y, Gohil V, Guha S, Hall G, Hopkins K, Horter B, Kaufer A, Kaur D, Kim S, Kupski B, Lee J, Lester; T, Musch S, Silbernagel K, Sorce L, Steiner G, Sumpter R, Sutton J, Veach J. 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate Method for the Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Types of Meat, Seafood, and Poultry: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.5.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count plate method was compared with AOAC Official Method 975.55 for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in selected foods. Four foods—cooked, diced chicken; cured ham; smoked salmon; and pepperoni—were analyzed for S. aureus by 12 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sample, a low inoculation level, a medium inoculation level, and a medium inoculation level with background flora, each in duplicate. The mean log10 counts for the methods were comparable for all 4 foods. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the 24 h Petrifilm Staph Express Count plate method were similar to those of the 72 h standard method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A McMahon
- Silliker, Inc., Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Victoria A Aleo
- Silliker, Inc., Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Ann M Schultz
- Silliker, Inc., Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Barbara L Horter
- 3M Microbiology, 3M Center, Bldg 260-6B-01, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hogan RI, Hopkins K, Wheeler AJ, Allcock AL, Yesson C. Novel diversity in mitochondrial genomes of deep-sea Pennatulacea (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2019; 30:764-777. [PMID: 31317811 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2019.1634699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We present the first documented complete mitogenomes of deep-sea Pennatulacea, representing nine genera and eight families. These include one species each of the deep-sea genera Funiculina, Halipteris, Protoptilum and Distichoptilum, four species each of Umbellula and Pennatula, three species of Kophobelemnon and two species of Anthoptilum, as well as one species of the epi- and mesobenthic genus Virgularia. Seventeen circular genomes ranged from 18,513 bp (Halipteris cf. finmarchica) to 19,171 bp (Distichoptilum gracile) and contained all genes standard to octocoral mitochondrial genomes (14 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and one transfer RNA). We found at least three different gene orders in Pennatulacea: the ancestral gene order, the gene order found in bamboo corals (Family Isididae), and a novel gene order. The mitogenome of one species of Umbellula has a bipartite genome (∼13 kbp and ∼5 kbp), with good evidence that both parts are circular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raissa I Hogan
- Department of Zoology, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park , London , UK
| | - Andrew J Wheeler
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences/iCRAG/ERI, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
| | - A Louise Allcock
- Department of Zoology, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - Chris Yesson
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Campbell LJ, Garner TWJ, Hopkins K, Griffiths AGF, Harrison XA. Outbreaks of an Emerging Viral Disease Covary With Differences in the Composition of the Skin Microbiome of a Wild United Kingdom Amphibian. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1245. [PMID: 31281291 PMCID: PMC6597677 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing appreciation of the important role of commensal microbes in ensuring the normal function and health of their hosts, including determining how hosts respond to pathogens. A range of infectious diseases are threatening amphibians worldwide, and evidence is accumulating that the host-associated bacteria that comprise the microbiome may be key in mediating interactions between amphibian hosts and infectious pathogens. We used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to quantify the skin microbial community structure of over 200 individual wild adult European common frogs (Rana temporaria), from ten populations with contrasting history of the lethal disease ranavirosis, caused by emerging viral pathogens belonging to the genus Ranavirus. All populations had similar species richness irrespective of disease history, but populations that have experienced historical outbreaks of ranavirosis have a distinct skin microbiome structure (beta diversity) when compared to sites where no outbreaks of the disease have occurred. At the individual level, neither age, body length, nor sex of the frog could predict the structure of the skin microbiota. Our data potentially support the hypothesis that variation among individuals in skin microbiome structure drive differences in susceptibility to infection and lethal outbreaks of disease. More generally, our results suggest that population-level processes are more important for driving differences in microbiome structure than variation among individuals within populations in key life history traits such as age and body size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J Campbell
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom.,Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Trenton W J Garner
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xavier A Harrison
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rivera S, Petit C, Martin AN, Cacicedo J, Leaman O, Rosselot MCA, Lazaryan A, Akperov K, Sinaika V, Monestel R, Fröbe A, Kevlishvili G, Stojkovski I, Magsar B, Corovic M, Mahmood H, Alauddin Z, Barriga O, Lucas M, Palmu M, Zubizarreta E, Hopkins K, Eriksen J. Long-term impact on contouring skills achieved by online learning. An ESTRO-FALCON-IAEA study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
20
|
Griffiths SM, Harrison XA, Weldon C, Wood MD, Pretorius A, Hopkins K, Fox G, Preziosi RF, Antwis RE. Genetic variability and ontogeny predict microbiome structure in a disease-challenged montane amphibian. ISME J 2018; 12:2506-2517. [PMID: 29942072 PMCID: PMC6155040 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphibian populations worldwide are at risk of extinction from infectious diseases, including chytridiomycosis caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Amphibian cutaneous microbiomes interact with Bd and can confer protective benefits to the host. The composition of the microbiome itself is influenced by many environment- and host-related factors. However, little is known about the interacting effects of host population structure, genetic variation and developmental stage on microbiome composition and Bd prevalence across multiple sites. Here we explore these questions in Amietia hymenopus, a disease-affected frog in southern Africa. We use microsatellite genotyping and 16S amplicon sequencing to show that the microbiome associated with tadpole mouthparts is structured spatially, and is influenced by host genotype and developmental stage. We observed strong genetic structure in host populations based on rivers and geographic distances, but this did not correspond to spatial patterns in microbiome composition. These results indicate that demographic and host genetic factors affect microbiome composition within sites, but different factors are responsible for host population structure and microbiome structure at the between-site level. Our results help to elucidate complex within- and among- population drivers of microbiome structure in amphibian populations. That there is a genetic basis to microbiome composition in amphibians could help to inform amphibian conservation efforts against infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Griffiths
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Ché Weldon
- Unit for Environmental Research and Management, Faculty of Natural Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Michael D Wood
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Abigail Pretorius
- Unit for Environmental Research and Management, Faculty of Natural Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Graeme Fox
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard F Preziosi
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachael E Antwis
- Unit for Environmental Research and Management, Faculty of Natural Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bates KA, Clare FC, O'Hanlon S, Bosch J, Brookes L, Hopkins K, McLaughlin EJ, Daniel O, Garner TWJ, Fisher MC, Harrison XA. Amphibian chytridiomycosis outbreak dynamics are linked with host skin bacterial community structure. Nat Commun 2018; 9:693. [PMID: 29449565 PMCID: PMC5814395 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-associated microbes are vital for combatting infections and maintaining health. In amphibians, certain skin-associated bacteria inhibit the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), yet our understanding of host microbial ecology and its role in disease outbreaks is limited. We sampled skin-associated bacteria and Bd from Pyrenean midwife toad populations exhibiting enzootic or epizootic disease dynamics. We demonstrate that bacterial communities differ between life stages with few shared taxa, indicative of restructuring at metamorphosis. We detected a significant effect of infection history on metamorph skin microbiota, with reduced bacterial diversity in epizootic populations and differences in community structure and predicted function. Genome sequencing of Bd isolates supports a single introduction to the Pyrenees and reveals no association between pathogen genetics and epidemiological trends. Our findings provide an ecologically relevant insight into the microbial ecology of amphibian skin and highlight the relative importance of host microbiota and pathogen genetics in predicting disease outcome. Amphibian skin microbe communities have been putatively associated with the severity of chytrid fungal disease. Here, the authors show that different types of disease dynamics (enzootic versus epizootic) are associated with different microbiota in the host populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieran A Bates
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK. .,Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
| | - Frances C Clare
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Simon O'Hanlon
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Jaime Bosch
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lola Brookes
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Emilia J McLaughlin
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Olivia Daniel
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Trenton W J Garner
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Matthew C Fisher
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Xavier A Harrison
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bowen MK, Chudleigh F, Buck S, Hopkins K. Productivity and profitability of forage options for beef production in the subtropics of northern Australia. Anim Prod Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study measured forage biomass production, diet quality, cattle liveweight gain, and economic performance of six forage types at 21 sites across 12 commercial beef cattle properties in the Fitzroy River catchment of Queensland during 2011–2014 (28 annual datasets in total). The forages were annual forage crops (oats (Avena sativa), sorghum (Sorghum spp.) and lablab (Lablab purpureus)), sown perennial legume-grass pastures (leucaena-grass (Leucaena leucocephala spp. glabrata + perennial, tropical grass (C4) species) and butterfly pea-grass (Clitoria ternatea + perennial, C4, grass species)), and perennial, C4, grass pastures. The sown forages resulted in 1.2–2.6 times the annual cattle liveweight gain per ha than perennial grass pastures. Annual cattle liveweight gain per ha, forage establishment and management costs, and cattle price margin (sale price less purchase price, $/kg liveweight) all influenced gross margin, however, none was an overriding factor. The average gross margins ($/ha.annum) calculated using contractor rates, ranked from highest to lowest, were: leucaena-grass pastures, 181; butterfly pea-grass pastures, 140; oats, 102; perennial grass, 96; sorghum, 24; and lablab, 18. It was concluded that the tendency towards greater average gross margins for perennial legume-grass pastures than for annual forage crops or perennial grass pastures was the result of the combined effects of lower average forage costs and high cattle productivity.
Collapse
|
23
|
White K, Baum S, Hopkins K, Potter JE, Grossman D. Change in distance to nearest facility and increase in second-trimester abortion after the implementation of House Bill 2 in Texas. Contraception 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Moseson HS, Gerdts C, Fuentes L, Baum S, White K, Hopkins K, Potter JE, Grossman D. Measuring Texas women’s experiences with abortion self-induction using a list experiment. Contraception 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
25
|
Prasad R, Zubizarreta E, Healy B, Hopkins K, Wahab MA. Radiotherapy in South Asia: Infrastructure, Human Resource Capacity, and Future Needs. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
26
|
Abstract
In this study, we examined how spatially informative auditory and tactile cues affected participants' performance on a visual search task while they simultaneously performed a secondary auditory task. Visual search task performance was assessed via reaction time and accuracy. Tactile and auditory cues provided the approximate location of the visual target within the search display. The inclusion of tactile and auditory cues improved performance in comparison to the no-cue baseline conditions. In comparison to the no-cue conditions, both tactile and auditory cues resulted in faster response times in the visual search only (single task) and visual-auditory (dual-task) conditions. However, the effectiveness of auditory and tactile cueing for visual task accuracy was shown to be dependent on task-type condition. Crossmodal cueing remains a viable strategy for improving task performance without increasing attentional load within a singular sensory modality. Practitioner Summary: Crossmodal cueing with dual-task performance has not been widely explored, yet has practical applications. We examined the effects of auditory and tactile crossmodal cues on visual search performance, with and without a secondary auditory task. Tactile cues aided visual search accuracy when also engaged in a secondary auditory task, whereas auditory cues did not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hopkins
- a Department of Psychology , University of West Florida , Pensacola , FL , USA
| | - Steven J Kass
- a Department of Psychology , University of West Florida , Pensacola , FL , USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Baum SE, White K, Hopkins K, Potter JE, Grossman D. Impact of admitting privilege requirement on abortion providers in Texas. Contraception 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
28
|
Arribas P, Andújar C, Hopkins K, Shepherd M, Vogler AP. Metabarcoding and mitochondrial metagenomics of endogean arthropods to unveil the mesofauna of the soil. Methods Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Arribas
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | - Carmelo Andújar
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
| | | | - Alfried P. Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Miller KE, Hopkins K, Inward DJG, Vogler AP. Metabarcoding of fungal communities associated with bark beetles. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:1590-600. [PMID: 26904186 PMCID: PMC4752364 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many species of fungi are closely allied with bark beetles, including many tree pathogens, but their species richness and patterns of distribution remain largely unknown. We established a protocol for metabarcoding of fungal communities directly from total genomic DNA extracted from individual beetles, showing that the ITS3/4 primer pair selectively amplifies the fungal ITS. Using three specimens of bark beetle from different species, we assess the fungal diversity associated with these specimens and the repeatability of these estimates in PCRs conducted with different primer tags. The combined replicates produced 727 fungal Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) for the specimen of Hylastes ater, 435 OTUs for Tomicus piniperda, and 294 OTUs for Trypodendron lineatum, while individual PCR reactions produced on average only 229, 54, and 31 OTUs for the three specimens, respectively. Yet, communities from PCR replicates were very similar in pairwise comparisons, in particular when considering species abundance, but differed greatly among the three beetle specimens. Different primer tags or the inclusion of amplicons in separate libraries did not impact the species composition. The ITS2 sequences were identified with the Lowest Common Ancestor approach and correspond to diverse lineages of fungi, including Ophiostomaceae and Leotiomycetes widely found to be tree pathogens. We conclude that Illumina MiSeq metabarcoding reliably captures fungal diversity associated with bark beetles, although numerous PCR replicates are recommended for an exhaustive sample. Direct PCR from beetle DNA extractions provides a rapid method for future surveys of fungal species diversity and their associations with bark beetles and environmental variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E Miller
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK; Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Daegan J G Inward
- Centre for Ecosystems, Society and Biosecurity Forest Research Alice Holt Lodge Farnham Surrey GU10 4LH UK
| | - Alfried P Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK; Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mitchell C, Bailey N, Bulbeck H, Hopkins K, Price S, Stewart W, Hilton D, Nicoll J, Kurian K. PO81A LACK OF CONSENT TO DONATE BRAIN TUMOUR TISSUE FOR RESEARCH HAMPERS PROGRESS. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov284.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
31
|
Grossman D, Hendrick E, Fuentes L, White K, Hopkins K, Stevenson A, Hubert Lopez C, Yeatman S, Potter J. Knowledge, opinion and experience related to abortion self-induction in Texas. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
32
|
White K, Hopkins K, Grossman D, Potter J. Integrating family planning and primary care at publicly funded organizations in Texas to repair the reproductive health safety net. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Hopkins K, Hubert C, Stevenson A, White K, Grossman D, Potter J. Consistency of preferences for long-acting reversible contraceptive methods in the postpartum period. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
34
|
Timmermans MJTN, Viberg C, Martin G, Hopkins K, Vogler AP. Rapid assembly of taxonomically validated mitochondrial genomes from historical insect collections. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martijn J. T. N. Timmermans
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
- Department of Natural Sciences; Middlesex University; Hendon Campus London NW4 4BT UK
| | - Carl Viberg
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | - Geoff Martin
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Kevin Hopkins
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD UK
| | - Alfried P. Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gola A, Davis S, Greenslade L, Hopkins K, Low J, Marshall A, Thorburn D, Vickerstaff V, Jones L. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COSTS FOR PATIENTS WITH END STAGE LIVER DISEASE OVER THE LAST YEAR OF LIFE. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000838.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
36
|
Cloughesy T, Finocchiaro G, Belda-Iniesta C, Recht L, Brandes AA, Pineda E, Mikkelsen T, Chinot O, Balana C, Macdonald D, Westphal M, Hopkins K, Weller M, Bruey JM, Liu B, Verret W. ET-12 * PHASE II STUDY OF ONARTUZUMAB PLUS BEVACIZUMAB VERSUS PLACEBO PLUS BEVACIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou255.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
37
|
Mulholland P, Krell D, Khan I, McBain C, Patel C, Wanek K, Hopkins K, Jeffries S, Jager R, Smith P, Liu Q, Stupp R, Tomlinson I. AT-43 * MULTI-CENTRE, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND PHASE II STUDY COMPARING CEDIRANIB (AZD2171) PLUS GEFITINIB (IRESSA, ZD1839) WITH CEDIRANIB PLUS PLACEBO IN SUBJECTS WITH RECURRENT/PROGRESSIVE GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou237.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
38
|
Hopkins K, Sinsky CA. Team-based care: saving time and improving efficiency. Fam Pract Manag 2014; 21:23-29. [PMID: 25403048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
39
|
Barua NU, Woolley M, Hopkins K, Bienemann AS, Cronin D, Gill SS. P27 * DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPLANTABLE CATHETER AND BONE-ANCHORED PORT FOR INTERMITTENT CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY OF CARBOPLATIN FOR RECURRENT HIGH GRADE GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou249.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
40
|
Aiken A, Dillaway C, Mevs-Korff N, Hubert C, Hopkins K. Legends, lies and litigation: influences on the trajectory of postpartum contraceptive desires. Contraception 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.05.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
41
|
Grossman D, White K, Hopkins K, Potter J. Changes in abortion statistics in Texas after enforcement of the two-visit requirement. Contraception 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
42
|
Potter J, Hopkins K, Aiken A, Hubert C, Stevenson A, White K, Grossman D. Rapid repeat pregnancies among women reporting a preference for long-acting or permanent contraception in Texas. Contraception 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.05.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
43
|
Adachi K, Sasaki H, Nagahisa S, Yoshida K, Hattori N, Nishiyama Y, Kawase T, Hasegawa M, Abe M, Hirose Y, Alentorn A, Marie Y, Poggioli S, Alshehhi H, Boisselier B, Carpentier C, Mokhtari K, Capelle L, Figarella-Branger D, Hoang-Xuan K, Sanson M, Delattre JY, Idbaih A, Yust-Katz S, Anderson M, Olar A, Eterovic A, Ezzeddine N, Chen K, Zhao H, Fuller G, Aldape K, de Groot J, Andor N, Harness J, Lopez SG, Fung TL, Mewes HW, Petritsch C, Arivazhagan A, Somasundaram K, Thennarasu K, Pandey P, Anandh B, Santosh V, Chandramouli B, Hegde A, Kondaiah P, Rao M, Bell R, Kang R, Hong C, Song J, Costello J, Bell R, Nagarajan R, Zhang B, Diaz A, Wang T, Song J, Costello J, Bie L, Li Y, Li Y, Liu H, Luyo WFC, Carnero MH, Iruegas MEP, Morell AR, Figueiras MC, Lopez RL, Valverde CF, Chan AKY, Pang JCS, Chung NYF, Li KKW, Poon WS, Chan DTM, Wang Y, Ng HAK, Chaumeil M, Larson P, Yoshihara H, Vigneron D, Nelson S, Pieper R, Phillips J, Ronen S, Clark V, Omay ZE, Serin A, Gunel J, Omay B, Grady C, Youngblood M, Bilguvar K, Baehring J, Piepmeier J, Gutin P, Vortmeyer A, Brennan C, Pamir MN, Kilic T, Krischek B, Simon M, Yasuno K, Gunel M, Cohen AL, Sato M, Aldape KD, Mason C, Diefes K, Heathcock L, Abegglen L, Shrieve D, Couldwell W, Schiffman JD, Colman H, D'Alessandris QG, Cenci T, Martini M, Ricci-Vitiani L, De Maria R, Larocca LM, Pallini R, de Groot J, Theeler B, Aldape K, Lang F, Rao G, Gilbert M, Sulman E, Luthra R, Eterovic K, Chen K, Routbort M, Verhaak R, Mills G, Mendelsohn J, Meric-Bernstam F, Yung A, MacArthur K, Hahn S, Kao G, Lustig R, Alonso-Basanta M, Chandrasekaran S, Wileyto EP, Reyes E, Dorsey J, Fujii K, Kurozumi K, Ichikawa T, Onishi M, Ishida J, Shimazu Y, Kaur B, Chiocca EA, Date I, Geisenberger C, Mock A, Warta R, Schwager C, Hartmann C, von Deimling A, Abdollahi A, Herold-Mende C, Gevaert O, Achrol A, Gholamin S, Mitra S, Westbroek E, Loya J, Mitchell L, Chang S, Steinberg G, Plevritis S, Cheshier S, Gevaert O, Mitchell L, Achrol A, Xu J, Steinberg G, Cheshier S, Napel S, Zaharchuk G, Plevritis S, Gevaert O, Achrol A, Chang S, Harsh G, Steinberg G, Cheshier S, Plevritis S, Gutman D, Holder C, Colen R, Dunn W, Jain R, Cooper L, Hwang S, Flanders A, Brat D, Hayes J, Droop A, Thygesen H, Boissinot M, Westhead D, Short S, Lawler S, Bady P, Kurscheid S, Delorenzi M, Hegi ME, Crosby C, Faulkner C, Smye-Rumsby T, Kurian K, Williams M, Hopkins K, Faulkner C, Palmer A, Williams H, Wragg C, Haynes HR, Williams M, Hopkins K, Kurian KM, Haynes HR, Crosby C, Williams H, White P, Hopkins K, Williams M, Kurian KM, Ishida J, Kurozumi K, Ichikawa T, Onishi M, Fujii K, Shimazu Y, Oka T, Date I, Jalbert L, Elkhaled A, Phillips J, Chang S, Nelson S, Jensen R, Salzman K, Schabel M, Gillespie D, Mumert M, Johnson B, Mazor T, Hong C, Barnes M, Yamamoto S, Ueda H, Tatsuno K, Aihara K, Jalbert L, Nelson S, Bollen A, Hirst M, Marra M, Mukasa A, Saito N, Aburatani H, Berger M, Chang S, Taylor B, Costello J, Popov S, Mackay A, Ingram W, Burford A, Jury A, Vinci M, Jones C, Jones DTW, Hovestadt V, Picelli S, Wang W, Northcott PA, Kool M, Reifenberger G, Pietsch T, Sultan M, Lehrach H, Yaspo ML, Borkhardt A, Landgraf P, Eils R, Korshunov A, Zapatka M, Radlwimmer B, Pfister SM, Lichter P, Joy A, Smirnov I, Reiser M, Shapiro W, Mills G, Kim S, Feuerstein B, Jungk C, Mock A, Geisenberger C, Warta R, Friauf S, Unterberg A, Herold-Mende C, Juratli TA, McElroy J, Meng W, Huebner A, Geiger KD, Krex D, Schackert G, Chakravarti A, Lautenschlaeger T, Kim BY, Jiang W, Beiko J, Prabhu S, DeMonte F, Lang F, Gilbert M, Aldape K, Sawaya R, Cahill D, McCutcheon I, Lau C, Wang L, Terashima K, Yamaguchi S, Burstein M, Sun J, Suzuki T, Nishikawa R, Nakamura H, Natsume A, Terasaka S, Ng HK, Muzny D, Gibbs R, Wheeler D, Lautenschlaeger T, Juratli TA, McElroy J, Meng W, Huebner A, Geiger KD, Krex D, Schackert G, Chakravarti A, Zhang XQ, Sun S, Lam KF, Kiang KMY, Pu JKS, Ho ASW, Leung GKK, Loebel F, Curry WT, Barker FG, Lelic N, Chi AS, Cahill DP, Lu D, Yin J, Teo C, McDonald K, Madhankumar A, Weston C, Slagle-Webb B, Sheehan J, Patel A, Glantz M, Connor J, Maire C, Francis J, Zhang CZ, Jung J, Manzo V, Adalsteinsson V, Homer H, Blumenstiel B, Pedamallu CS, Nickerson E, Ligon A, Love C, Meyerson M, Ligon K, Mazor T, Johnson B, Hong C, Barnes M, Jalbert LE, Nelson SJ, Bollen AW, Smirnov IV, Song JS, Olshen AB, Berger MS, Chang SM, Taylor BS, Costello JF, Mehta S, Armstrong B, Peng S, Bapat A, Berens M, Melendez B, Mollejo M, Mur P, Hernandez-Iglesias T, Fiano C, Ruiz J, Rey JA, Mock A, Stadler V, Schulte A, Lamszus K, Schichor C, Westphal M, Tonn JC, Unterberg A, Herold-Mende C, Morozova O, Katzman S, Grifford M, Salama S, Haussler D, Nagarajan R, Zhang B, Johnson B, Bell R, Olshen A, Fouse S, Diaz A, Smirnov I, Kang R, Wang T, Costello J, Nakamizo S, Sasayama T, Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Mizukawa K, Yoshida M, Kohmura E, Northcott P, Hovestadt V, Jones D, Kool M, Korshunov A, Lichter P, Pfister S, Otani R, Mukasa A, Takayanagi S, Saito K, Tanaka S, Shin M, Saito N, Ozawa T, Riester M, Cheng YK, Huse J, Helmy K, Charles N, Squatrito M, Michor F, Holland E, Perrech M, Dreher L, Rohn G, Goldbrunner R, Timmer M, Pollo B, Palumbo V, Calatozzolo C, Patane M, Nunziata R, Farinotti M, Silvani A, Lodrini S, Finocchiaro G, Lopez E, Rioscovian A, Ruiz R, Siordia G, de Leon AP, Rostomily C, Rostomily R, Silbergeld D, Kolstoe D, Chamberlain M, Silber J, Roth P, Keller A, Hoheisel J, Codo P, Bauer A, Backes C, Leidinger P, Meese E, Thiel E, Korfel A, Weller M, Saito K, Mukasa A, Nagae G, Nagane M, Aihara K, Takayanagi S, Tanaka S, Aburatani H, Saito N, Salama S, Sanborn JZ, Grifford M, Brennan C, Mikkelsen T, Jhanwar S, Chin L, Haussler D, Sasayama T, Tanaka K, Nakamizo S, Nishihara M, Tanaka H, Mizukawa K, Kohmura E, Schliesser M, Grimm C, Weiss E, Claus R, Weichenhan D, Weiler M, Hielscher T, Sahm F, Wiestler B, Klein AC, Blaes J, Weller M, Plass C, Wick W, Stragliotto G, Rahbar A, Soderberg-Naucler C, Sulman E, Won M, Ezhilarasan R, Sun P, Blumenthal D, Vogelbaum M, Colman H, Jenkins R, Chakravarti A, Jeraj R, Brown P, Jaeckle K, Schiff D, Dignam J, Atkins J, Brachman D, Werner-Wasik M, Gilbert M, Mehta M, Aldape K, Terashima K, Shen J, Luan J, Yu A, Suzuki T, Nishikawa R, Matsutani M, Liang Y, Man TK, Lau C, Trister A, Tokita M, Mikheeva S, Mikheev A, Friend S, Rostomily R, van den Bent M, Erdem L, Gorlia T, Taphoorn M, Kros J, Wesseling P, Dubbink H, Ibdaih A, Sanson M, French P, van Thuijl H, Mazor T, Johnson B, Fouse S, Heimans J, Wesseling P, Ylstra B, Reijneveld J, Taylor B, Berger M, Chang S, Costello J, Prabowo A, van Thuijl H, Scheinin I, van Essen H, Spliet W, Ferrier C, van Rijen P, Veersema T, Thom M, Meeteren ASV, Reijneveld J, Ylstra B, Wesseling P, Aronica E, Kim H, Zheng S, Mikkelsen T, Brat DJ, Virk S, Amini S, Sougnez C, Chin L, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Verhaak RGW, Watts C, Sottoriva A, Spiteri I, Piccirillo S, Touloumis A, Collins P, Marioni J, Curtis C, Tavare S, Weiss E, Grimm C, Schliesser M, Hielscher T, Claus R, Sahm F, Wiestler B, Klein AC, Blaes J, Tews B, Weiler M, Weichenhan D, Hartmann C, Weller M, Plass C, Wick W, Yeung TPC, Al-Khazraji B, Morrison L, Hoffman L, Jackson D, Lee TY, Yartsev S, Bauman G, Zheng S, Fu J, Vegesna R, Mao Y, Heathcock LE, Torres-Garcia W, Ezhilarasan R, Wang S, McKenna A, Chin L, Brennan CW, Yung WKA, Weinstein JN, Aldape KD, Sulman EP, Chen K, Koul D, Verhaak RGW. OMICS AND PROGNSTIC MARKERS. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:iii136-iii155. [PMCID: PMC3823898 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
|
44
|
Brognaro E, Chang S, Cha J, Choi K, Choi C, DePetro J, Binding C, Blough M, Kelly J, Lawn S, Chan J, Weiss S, Cairncross G, Eisenbeis A, Goldbrunner R, Timmer M, Gabrusiewicz K, Cortes-Santiago N, Fan X, Hossain MB, Kaminska B, Heimberger A, Rao G, Yung WKA, Marini F, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C, Halle B, Marcusson E, Aaberg-Jessen C, Jensen SS, Meyer M, Schulz MK, Andersen C, Bjarne, Kristensen W, Hashizume R, Ihara Y, Ozawa T, Parsa A, Clarke J, Butowski N, Prados M, Perry A, McDermott M, James D, Jensen R, Gillespie D, Martens T, Zamykal M, Westphal M, Lamszus K, Monsalves E, Jalali S, Tateno T, Ezzat S, Zadeh G, Nedergaard MK, Kristoffersen K, Poulsen HS, Stockhausen MT, Lassen U, Kjaer A, Ohka F, Natsume A, Zong H, Liu C, Hatanaka A, Katsushima K, Shinjo K, Wakabayashi T, Kondo Y, Picotte K, Li L, Westerhuis B, Zhao H, Plotkin S, James M, Kalamarides M, Zhao WN, Kim J, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Haggarty S, Gusella J, Ramesh V, Nunes F, Rao G, Doucette T, Yang Y, Fuller G, Rao A, Schmidt NO, Humke N, Meissner H, Mueller FJ, Westphal M, Schnell O, Jaehnert I, Albrecht V, Fu P, Tonn JC, Schichor C, Shackleford G, Swanson K, Shi XH, D'Apuzzo M, Gonzalez-Gomez I, Sposto R, Seeger R, Erdreich-Epstein A, Moats R, Sirianni RW, Heffernan JM, Overstreet DJ, Sleire L, Skeie BS, Netland IA, Heggdal J, Pedersen PH, Enger PO, Stiles C, Sun Y, Mehta S, Taylor C, Alberta J, Sundstrom T, Wendelbo I, Daphu I, Hodneland E, Lundervold A, Immervoll H, Skaftnesmo KO, Babic M, Jendelova P, Sykova E, Lund-Johansen M, Bjerkvig R, Thorsen F, Synowitz M, Ku MC, Wolf SA, Respondek D, Matyash V, Pohlmann A, Waiczies S, Waiczies H, Niendorf T, Glass R, Kettenmann H, Thompson N, Elder D, Hopkins K, Iyer V, Cohen N, Tavare J, Thorsen F, Fite B, Mahakian LM, Seo JW, Qin S, Harrison V, Sundstrom T, Harter PN, Johnson S, Ingham E, Caskey C, Meade T, Skaftnesmo KO, Ferrara KW, Tschida BR, Lowy AR, Marek CA, Ringstrom T, Beadnell TJ, Wiesner SM, Largaespada DA, Wenger C, Miranda PC, Mekonnen A, Salvador R, Basser P, Yoon J, Shin H, Choi K, Choi C. TUMOR MODELS (IN VIVO/IN VITRO). Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
45
|
Grossman D, Baum S, White K, Hopkins K, Potter J. IMPACT OF RESTRICTIVE ABORTION LAW ON WOMEN IN TEXAS. Contraception 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
46
|
Hopkins K, White K, Linkin F, Hubert Lopez C, Grossman D, Potter J. The impact of dramatic budget cuts on women's experiences seeking affordable family planning services in Texas. Contraception 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
47
|
Potter J, Hopkins K, Aiken A, White K, Stevenson A, Lopez CH, Grossman D. UNMET DEMAND FOR HIGHLY EFFECTIVE POSTPARTUM CONTRACEPTION IN TWO CITIES IN TEXAS. Contraception 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
48
|
Stevenson A, White K, Hubert Lopez C, Hopkins K, Aiken A, Grossman D, Potter J. Spatial variation in the impact of family planning cuts in Texas. Contraception 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
49
|
Marmel F, Linley D, Carlyon RP, Gockel HE, Hopkins K, Plack CJ. Subcortical neural synchrony and absolute thresholds predict frequency discrimination independently. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2013; 14:757-66. [PMID: 23760984 PMCID: PMC3767871 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-013-0402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural mechanisms of pitch coding have been debated for more than a century. The two main mechanisms are coding based on the profiles of neural firing rates across auditory nerve fibers with different characteristic frequencies (place-rate coding), and coding based on the phase-locked temporal pattern of neural firing (temporal coding). Phase locking precision can be partly assessed by recording the frequency-following response (FFR), a scalp-recorded electrophysiological response that reflects synchronous activity in subcortical neurons. Although features of the FFR have been widely used as indices of pitch coding acuity, only a handful of studies have directly investigated the relation between the FFR and behavioral pitch judgments. Furthermore, the contribution of degraded neural synchrony (as indexed by the FFR) to the pitch perception impairments of older listeners and those with hearing loss is not well known. Here, the relation between the FFR and pure-tone frequency discrimination was investigated in listeners with a wide range of ages and absolute thresholds, to assess the respective contributions of subcortical neural synchrony and other age-related and hearing loss-related mechanisms to frequency discrimination performance. FFR measures of neural synchrony and absolute thresholds independently contributed to frequency discrimination performance. Age alone, i.e., once the effect of subcortical neural synchrony measures or absolute thresholds had been partialed out, did not contribute to frequency discrimination. Overall, the results suggest that frequency discrimination of pure tones may depend both on phase locking precision and on separate mechanisms affected in hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Marmel
- />School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - D. Linley
- />School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - R. P. Carlyon
- />MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - H. E. Gockel
- />MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, CB2 7EF UK
| | - K. Hopkins
- />School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| | - C. J. Plack
- />School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a high rate of IDH1/2 mutations in low grade gliomas and in high grade gliomas deriving from them. IDH analysis of gliomas is a novel method of classification and an independent prognostic marker. We compared antibody and sequencing methods for the detection of IDH mutations. METHOD 88 samples from 74 patients were identified. For immunohistochemistry: sections were stained with anti-IDH1R132H antibody. For sequencing: DNA was extracted from fresh, frozen tissue. RESULTS 28% (20/71) of cases were positive for the R132H IDH1 mutation by antibody. An IDH1 mutation was detected by molecular genetics in 37% (21/57) of cases and no IDH2 mutations were detected. 24% (5/21) had rare IDH1 mutations not detected by immunohistochemistry. Where sufficient tissue was available, immunohistochemistry and DNA analysis were fully concordant for the p.Arg132His mutation. Both Grade II gliomas and anaplastic astrocytomas showed a statistically different distribution of IDH1 mutation load compared to GBMs (p < 0.0001; p = 0.0021 respectively). CONCLUSION A rationalised combined approach involving R132H antibody testing and sequencing of negative cases would be ideal for the detection of IDH1 mutations--antibody testing is cheaper than sequencing but sequencing demonstrates rare IDH1 mutations not detected by immunohistochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Kurian
- Neuropathology and Neurosurgery, Frenchay Hospital , Bristol , UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|