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Yousaf K, Naz S, Mushtaq A, Wohler E, Sobreira N, Ho BM, Chen LJ, Chu WK, Bashir R. Exome Sequencing Reveals SLC4A11 Variant Underlying Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Dystrophy (CHED2) Misdiagnosed as Congenital Glaucoma. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020310. [PMID: 36833236 PMCID: PMC9956413 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED2) may be misdiagnosed as primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) due to similar clinical phenotypes during early infancy. In this study, we identified a family with CHED2, which was previously misdiagnosed as having PCG, and followed up for 9 years. Linkage analysis was first completed in eight PCG-affected families, followed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) in family PKGM3. The following in silico tools were used to predict the pathogenic effects of identified variants: I-Mutant 2.0, SIFT, Polyphen-2, PROVEAN, mutation taster and PhD-SNP. After detecting an SLC4A11 variant in one family, detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed again to confirm the diagnosis. Six out of eight families had CYP1B1 gene variants responsible for PCG. However, in family PKGM3, no variants in the known PCG genes were identified. WES identified a homozygous missense variant c.2024A>C, p.(Glu675Ala) in SLC4A11. Based on the WES findings, the affected individuals underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations and were re-diagnosed with CHED2 leading to secondary glaucoma. Our results expand the genetic spectrum of CHED2. This is the first report from Pakistan of a Glu675Ala variant with CHED2 leading to secondary glaucoma. The p.Glu675Ala variant is likely a founder mutation in the Pakistani population. Our findings suggest that genome-wide neonatal screening is worthwhile to avoid the misdiagnosis of phenotypically similar diseases such as CHED2 and PCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khazeema Yousaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Asma Mushtaq
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children’s Hospital & the Institute of Child Health, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Elizabeth Wohler
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Baylor Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nara Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Baylor Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bo-Man Ho
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Baylor Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Li-Jia Chen
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wai-Kit Chu
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (W.-K.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Rasheeda Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (W.-K.C.); (R.B.)
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Bashir R, Yousaf K, Tahir H, Sanai M, Qayyum S, Naz S, Naz S. Clinical variability of CYP1B1 gene variants in Pakistani primary congenital glaucoma families. J PAK MED ASSOC 2018; 68:1205-1211. [PMID: 30108387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the spectrum of Cytochrome P450 1B1 gene variants and genotype-phenotype correlations in families affected with primary congenital glaucoma. METHODS The cross-sectional study was performed at the Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, and the School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, from February 2015 to October 2016. Six consanguineous families having individuals affected with primary congenital glaucoma were recruited from different hospitals of the city. Sanger sequencing of coding exon of Cytochrome P450 1B1 gene was performed in order to identify the variants segregating with the disorder. RESULTS All six families had multiple individuals affected with primary congenital glaucoma. Five out of six families (83%, 5/6) showed CYP1B1 mutations upon Sanger sequencing.All eighteen patients of five families with homozygous Cytochrome P450 1B1 gene variants had different degrees of severity of the phenotypes. Clinical evaluation of the affected members revealed congenital glaucoma with a severe phenotype of corneal oedema, photophobia and corneal scarring. The onset of the phenotype was reported to be congenital but the clinical diagnosis was delayed in four cases since medical help was not sought by the families till much later. CONCLUSIONS The different degrees of severe phenotypes even in individuals with the same Cytochrome P450 1B1 gene mutation suggested the involvement of modifiers in reducing or increasing the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasheeda Bashir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Khazeema Yousaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Hafsa Tahir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Marukh Sanai
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Seema Qayyum
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Shagufta Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
| | - Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Punjab, Lahore
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Meenaghan M, Judson P, Yousaf K, Lewis L, Pamphilon D. Antibodies to Platelet Glycoprotein V in Polytransfused Patients with Haematological Disease. Vox Sang 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000462336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bashir R, Tahir H, Yousaf K, Naz S, Naz S. Homozygous p.G61E mutation in a consanguineous Pakistani family with co-existence of juvenile-onset open angle glaucoma and primary congenital glaucoma. Gene 2015; 570:295-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pettersson K, Ajne J, Yousaf K, Sturm D, Westgren M, Ajne G. Traction force during vacuum extraction: a prospective observational study. BJOG 2015; 122:1809-16. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Pettersson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Karolinska Institute; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - J Ajne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Karolinska Institute; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - K Yousaf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Karolinska Institute; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - D Sturm
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology; School of Technology and Health; Stockholm Sweden
| | - M Westgren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Karolinska Institute; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - G Ajne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; The Karolinska Institute; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
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Abstract
Exon 3 of DRB1 is known to be polymorphic, but thought to be conserved within allelic groups. This implies that exon 3 polymorphisms would not need to be considered in evolutionary studies or clinical settings when assessing immunogenicity of allelic mismatches in stem cell transplantation. To further assess this, we determined the sequences of DRB1 exon 3 by hemizygote amplification and direct sequencing on 55 selected DNA samples containing 42 DRB1 alleles for which no exon 3 sequence data were previously available. The data confirmed the high degree of overall sequence conservation. The DRB4- and DRB5-associated alleles were completely conserved within their DRB1 groups. However, it could be shown that exon 3 is more diverse than previously expected. Multiple allelic differences within each group of DRB3-associated DRB1 alleles were found, without identifying unique group-related sequence motifs differentiating between these groups. For DRB1*1402 and DRB1*1406, it could be shown that they originated from DRB1*0302. In several samples previously typed as DRB1*1401, a novel DRB1 allele was identified: DRB1*1454. Thus, from a clinical viewpoint, the availability of exon 3 sequence information may be useful for optimizing typing as well as matching strategies. Additionally, it will allow for more detailed evolutionary studies, further elucidating the origin of alleles and the mechanisms driving sequence diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Williams S, Yousaf K, Smith A, Canterbury A, Culkin J, Bunce M. 16-OR: Utilizing DRB1 exon 3 polymorphisms to resolve SSOP ambiguities. Hum Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2007.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Polytransfused patients often develop platelet-reactive antibodies (PRAb). These give positive reactions in the platelet immunofluorescence test (PIFT) and may be either lymphocytotoxic (LCTAb) or platelet-specific antibodies (PSAb). The latter may be detected in the PIFT using chloroquine-treated platelets (Chl-PIFT) or by immunoblotting. Serial samples from 106 multiply transfused patients with bone marrow failure were screened by PIFT using a microplate method and flow-cytometric analysis. PSAb activity was confirmed by Chl-PIFT. In 45 (42%) of the patients studied PSAb were detected; 37 (35%) formed LCTAb and 19 (51%) had co-existent PSAb. Sera from 25 of 27 patients with a positive Chl-PIFT, retested by immunoblotting, recognised determinants of Mr 82-160 kD on whole platelets. A large group became sensitised to a component of Mr 105-115 kD reduced (99 kD non-reduced) with similar electrophoretic mobility to GPIIIa using a monoclonal anti-GPIIIa and two human polyclonal anti-HPA-1a sera; some also produced anti-GPIIb. The largest group recognised a determinant of Mr 80-83 kD, probably glycoprotein V (GPV). Three sera were immunoblotted against thrombin-treated platelets and the results confirmed GPV specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meenaghan
- South West Regional Transfusion Centre, Bristol, UK
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Yendle JE, Bowerman PD, Yousaf K, Roberts IM, Cohen B, Barber L, Lechler R, Hancock RJ, Bradley BA. Production of a cytotoxic human monoclonal antibody with specificity for HLA-DR4 and -DRw10 by cells derived from a highly sensitized kidney recipient. Hum Immunol 1990; 27:167-81. [PMID: 1971267 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(90)90048-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A human monoclonal antibody which reacts preferentially with HLA-DR4 and -DRw10 B-cell targets has been produced. A human B-cell line, secreting antibody which reacted preferentially with DR4 and DR1 targets, was derived from a highly sensitized kidney recipient who had rejected two grafts. This line was fused with the mouse myeloma P3X63Ag8.653 and a selected hybridoma cloned. The clones secrete IgM(lambda), which reacts strongly with HLA-DR4 and -DRw10 and more weakly with -DRw14 and a proportion of -DR1 B cells in cytotoxicity assays. Using B-cell lines as targets in cytotoxicity and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, the antibody gives a broader pattern of reaction, reacting with HLA-DR1, -DR4, -DR9, -DRw10, -DRw14, and some -DR2 targets. The antibody (NI) is currently in use as a reagent for tissue typing.
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