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Peng LC, Kosak TK, Shin KY, Aizer AA, Phillips J, Pashtan IM. Factors Associated with Stereotactic Radiation Plan Revision in Prospective Peer Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e427-e428. [PMID: 37785398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Stereotactic radiotherapy (SR) is highly effective but has risks for serious toxicity. We sought to identify risk factors for SR plans requiring revision in a comprehensive, prospective peer review program conducted across a network of affiliated radiation centers. We hypothesized that increased physician experience and SR case volume would be associated with lower rates of SR plan revision. MATERIALS/METHODS Weekly peer review rounds were conducted to review SR cases for image fusion, contours, plan, and dose constraints, all prior to start of radiation. Cases recommended for revision were recorded and tracked prospectively. Factors potentially associated with case revision including body site, SR type, physician experience, and physician case load were assessed for significance using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS From March 2019 to January 2023, 1,015 SR cases were prospectively reviewed, including 312 brain stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), 190 multi-fraction brain SRS (fSRS), and 513 stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Revision was recommended in 177 cases (17%). The yearly revision rate was 21% in 2019, 16% in 2020, 17% in 2021, and 18% in 2022. There were 13 individual treating physicians with a median of 5 years' experience (range: 2-18 years), measured at the time of each SR case review. Physicians were categorized as junior (< = 2 years of experience), mid-career (3-9 years), or senior (> = 10 years). The physician's SR case volume in the preceding 3 months (median 25 cases) was dichotomized as low volume (< = 25) or high volume (>25). Logistic regression results are shown in Table 1. Statistical significance was determined by p <0.05. CONCLUSION SR plans utilizing SRS (as opposed to SBRT) and treated by physicians with high case volume had lower revision rates. Junior attendings had higher revision rates. These data imply a high value to peer review for junior attendings and for those with low SR case volume. Adequate case volume may be a critical factor for safe delivery of SR, analogous to surgical literature. Annual revision rates in the program remained stable over time, demonstrating the ongoing importance of an effective peer review program for SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | - T K Kosak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | - K Y Shin
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - A A Aizer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA
| | - J Phillips
- Tennessee Oncology/OneOncology, Nashville, TN
| | - I M Pashtan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, MA
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Lee JH, Shi DD, Shin KY, Buckley E, Gunasti L, Roldan CS, Hall E, Mann E, Spicer B, Brennan VS, Huynh MA, Spektor A, Chen YH, Krishnan MS, Balboni TA, Hertan LM. A Prospective Study Assessing the Efficacy and Toxicity of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Oligometastatic Bone Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e126. [PMID: 37784681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a promising treatment for oligometastatic disease in bone due to its delivery of high dose to target tissue and minimal dose to surrounding tissue. The purpose of this study is to assess efficacy and toxicity of this treatment in patients with previously unirradiated oligometastatic bony disease. MATERIALS/METHODS In this prospective phase II trial, patients with oligometastatic bone disease, defined as ≤3 active sites of disease, were treated with SBRT at one of two academic institutions between December 2016 and May 2019. Local progression-free survival (LPFS), progression-free survival (PFS), prostatic specific antigen (PSA) progression, and overall survival (OS) were reported. Treatment-related toxicity was also reported. RESULTS A total of 98 patients and 131 lesions arising from various tumor histologies were included in this study. The median age of patients enrolled in the study was 72.8 years (80.6% male, 19.4% female). Median follow-up was 26.7 months. The most common histology was prostate cancer (68.4%, 67/98). The most common dose prescriptions were 27/30 Gy in 3 fractions (26.0%, 34/131), 30 Gy in 5 fractions (19.1%, 25/131), or 30/35 Gy in 5 fractions (16.0%, 21/131). Multiple doses per treatment regimen reflect dose painting employing the lower dose to the clinical target volume (CTV) and higher dose to the gross tumor volume (GTV). Four patients (4.1%, 4/98) experienced local progression at one site for each patient (3.1%, 4/131). Among patients who progressed locally, the median time to local recurrence was 25.8 months (31.0 months among prostate cancer patients, N = 2, and 14.5 months among non-prostate cancer patients, N = 2). Among the entire cohort, 2-year LPFS (including death without local progression) was 85.0%, 2-year PFS (including deaths as well as local, distant, and PSA-based progression) was 47.0%, and 2-year OS was 87.5%. Twenty-seven patients (27.6%, 27/98) developed treatment-related toxicities, and most were Grade 1 (19.4%, 19/98) and 2 (4.1%, 4/98). Four patients (4.1%, 4/98) developed Grade 3 toxicities; there were no Grade 4 toxicities. The most common toxicity was fatigue (10.2%, 10/98). Of 68 treated spine metastases, there were four (5.9%, 4/68) vertebral fractures. Among these four patients, median time to fracture was 23.5 months (range 14.2-39.2 months). CONCLUSION Our study supports existing literature in showing that SBRT is effective and tolerable in patients with oligometastatic bone disease. Larger phase III trials are necessary and reasonable to determine long-term efficacy and toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - D D Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - K Y Shin
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - E Buckley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - L Gunasti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - C S Roldan
- Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - E Hall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - E Mann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - B Spicer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - V S Brennan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - M A Huynh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - A Spektor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Y H Chen
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - M S Krishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - T A Balboni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - L M Hertan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
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Nguyen PL, Kollmeier MA, Rathkopf D, Hoffman KE, Zurita-Saavedra A, Spratt DE, Dess RT, Liauw S, Szmulewitz R, Einstein DJ, Bubley G, Yu JB, An Y, Wong AC, Feng FY, Mckay RR, Rose BS, Shin KY, Kibel A, Taplin MEA. FORMULA-509: A Multicenter Randomized Trial of Post-Operative Salvage Radiotherapy (SRT) and 6 Months of GnRH Agonist with Either Bicalutamide or Abiraterone Acetate/Prednisone (AAP) and Apalutamide (Apa) Post-Radical Prostatectomy (RP). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S81-S82. [PMID: 37784583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) FORMULA-509 was designed to evaluate whether adding six months of AAP and Apa to a GnRH Agonist could improve outcomes compared to six months of bicalutamide plus GnRH Agonist for patients with unfavorable features receiving SRT for a detectable PSA post-RP. MATERIALS/METHODS FORMULA-509 is an investigator-initiated, multi-center, open-label, randomized trial. Patients had PSA ≥0.1 post-RP and one or more unfavorable features (Gleason 8-10, PSA >0.5, pT3/T4, pN1 or radiographic N1, PSA doubling time <10 months, negative margins, persistent PSA, gross local/regional disease, or Decipher High Risk). All patients received SRT plus 6 months of GnRH agonist and randomization was to concurrent bicalutamide 50 mg or AAP 1000 mg/5 mg + Apa 240 mg QD. Radiation to pelvic nodes was required for pN1 and optional for pN0. The primary endpoint was PSA progression-free survival (PFS) and secondary endpoint was metastasis-free survival (MFS) determined by conventional imaging. The study was powered to detect a HR of 0.50 for PFS and a HR of 0.30 for MFS, each with 80% power and one-sided type I error of 0.05. Stratification was by PSA at study entry (>0.5 vs.≤0.5) and pN0 vs pN1. Analyses within these subgroups were pre-planned and utilized two-sided p-values. RESULTS Three hundred forty-five participants (332 evaluable) from 9 sites were randomized from 11/24/2017 to 3/25/2020 (172 bicalutamide, 173 AAP/Apa). Median follow-up was 34 (6-53) months; 29% were pN1 and 31% had PSA >0.5 ng/mL. The HR for PFS was 0.71 (90% CI 0.49-1.03), stratified one-sided log-rank p = 0.06 (3-year PFS was 68.5% bicalutamide vs 74.9% AAP/Apa). The HR for MFS was 0.57 (90% CI 0.33-1.01), stratified one-sided log rank p = 0.05 (3-year MFS was 87.2% bicalutamide vs 90.6% AAP/Apa). In a pre-planned analysis by stratification factors, AAP/Apa was significantly superior for patients with PSA >0.5 for PFS [HR 0.50, (95% CI 0.27-0.95), p = 0.03 (2-sided); 3-year PFS 46.8% bicalutamide vs. 67.2% AAP/Apa] and for MFS [HR 0.32 (95% CI 0.13-0.84), p = 0.02 (2-sided); 3-year MFS 66.1% bicalutamide vs. 84.3% AAP/Apa.] No statistically significant benefit was detected in pre-planned analyses of stratification subgroups defined by PSA≤0.5, pN0, or pN1. Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profiles of the agents being studied, with more rash and hypertension in the AAP/Apa arm. CONCLUSION Although this primary analysis did not meet the pre-specified threshold for statistical significance, it does strongly suggest that the addition of AAP/Apa instead of bicalutamide to SRT+6 months of GnRH Agonist may improve PFS and MFS, particularly in the subgroup of patients with PSA>0.5 where a pre-planned subgroup analysis by stratification factors observed a statistically significant benefit for both PFS and MFS. (NCT03141671).
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Nguyen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - M A Kollmeier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D Rathkopf
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - K E Hoffman
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - D E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - R T Dess
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - S Liauw
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - D J Einstein
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - G Bubley
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - J B Yu
- Saint Francis Radiation Oncology, Hartford, CT
| | - Y An
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - A C Wong
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - F Y Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - R R Mckay
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - B S Rose
- UCSD Center for Health Equity, Education, and Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - K Y Shin
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - A Kibel
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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Kim KY, Shin KY, Chang KA. Potential Inflammatory Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder Related to Suicidal Behaviors: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13907. [PMID: 37762207 PMCID: PMC10531013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric condition affecting an estimated 280 million individuals globally. Despite the occurrence of suicidal behaviors across various psychiatric conditions, MDD is distinctly associated with the highest risk of suicide attempts and death within this population. In this study, we focused on MDD to identify potential inflammatory biomarkers associated with suicidal risk, given the relationship between depressive states and suicidal ideation. Articles published before June 2023 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to identify all relevant studies reporting blood inflammatory biomarkers in patients with MDD with suicide-related behaviors. Of 571 articles, 24 were included in this study. Overall, 43 significant biomarkers associated with MDD and suicide-related behaviors were identified. Our study provided compelling evidence of significant alterations in peripheral inflammatory factors in MDD patients with suicide-related behaviors, demonstrating the potential roles of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, C-reactive protein, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and tumor necrosis factor-α as biomarkers. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between the inflammatory processes of these biomarkers and their interactions in MDD with suicidal risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea;
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Na H, Shin KY, Lee D, Yoon C, Han SH, Park JC, Mook-Jung I, Jang J, Kwon S. The QPLEX™ Plus Assay Kit for the Early Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11119. [PMID: 37446296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently developed a multiplex diagnostic kit, QPLEX™ Alz plus assay kit, which captures amyloid-β1-40, galectin-3 binding protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and periostin simultaneously using microliters of peripheral blood and utilizes an optimized algorithm for screening Alzheimer's disease (AD) by correlating with cerebral amyloid deposition. Owing to the demand for early AD detection, we investigate the potential of our kit for the early clinical diagnosis of AD. A total of 1395 participants were recruited, and their blood samples were analyzed with the QPLEX™ kit. The average of QPLEX™ algorithm values in each group increased gradually in the order of the clinical progression continuum of AD: cognitively normal (0.382 ± 0.150), subjective cognitive decline (0.452 ± 0.130), mild cognitive impairment (0.484 ± 0.129), and AD (0.513 ± 0.136). The algorithm values between each group showed statistically significant differences among groups divided by Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating. The QPLEX™ algorithm values could be used to distinguish the clinical continuum of AD or cognitive function. Because blood-based diagnosis is more accessible, convenient, and cost- and time-effective than cerebral spinal fluid or positron emission tomography imaging-based diagnosis, the QPLEX™ kit can potentially be used for health checkups and the early clinical diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunjong Na
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- QuantaMatrix Inc., Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- QuantaMatrix Inc., Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sun-Ho Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisung Jang
- QuantaMatrix Inc., Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kwon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- QuantaMatrix Inc., Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kim KY, Shin KY, Chang KA. GFAP as a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091309. [PMID: 37174709 PMCID: PMC10177296 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood biomarkers have been considered tools for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and tau are primarily blood biomarkers, recent studies have identified other reliable candidates that can serve as measurable indicators of pathological conditions. One such candidate is the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocytic cytoskeletal protein that can be detected in blood samples. Increasing evidence suggests that blood GFAP levels can be used to detect early-stage AD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate GFAP in peripheral blood as a biomarker for AD and provide an overview of the evidence regarding its utility. Our analysis revealed that the GFAP level in the blood was higher in the Aβ-positive group than in the negative groups, and in individuals with AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to the healthy controls. Therefore, we believe that the clinical use of blood GFAP measurements has the potential to accelerate the diagnosis and improve the prognosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Bio-Medical Sciences, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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Kim KY, Shin KY, Chang KA. Potential Biomarkers for Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020602. [PMID: 35054785 PMCID: PMC8775398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a primary debilitating disease in adults, occurring in 15 million individuals each year and causing high mortality and disability rates. The latest estimate revealed that stroke is currently the second leading cause of death worldwide. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), one of the major complications after stroke, is frequently underdiagnosed. However, stroke has been reported to increase the risk of cognitive impairment by at least five to eight times. In recent decades, peripheral blood molecular biomarkers for stroke have emerged as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. In this study, we aimed to evaluate some blood-derived proteins for stroke, especially related to brain damage and cognitive impairments, by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis and discussing the possibility of these proteins as biomarkers for PSCI. Articles published before 26 July 2021 were searched in PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to identify all relevant studies reporting blood biomarkers in patients with stroke. Among 1820 articles, 40 were finally identified for this study. We meta-analyzed eight peripheral biomarker candidates: homocysteine (Hcy), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), uric acid, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The Hcy, CRP, TC, and LDL-C levels were significantly higher in patients with PSCI than in the non-PSCI group; however, the HDL-C, TG, uric acid, and HbA1c levels were not different between the two groups. Based on our findings, we suggest the Hcy, CRP, TC, and LDL-C as possible biomarkers in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Thus, certain blood proteins could be suggested as effective biomarkers for PSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea;
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.Y.S.); (K.-A.C.)
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Neuroscience of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.Y.S.); (K.-A.C.)
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Lee YS, Kim S, Kim GJ, Lee JH, Kim IS, Kim JI, Shin KY, Seol Y, Oh T, An NY, Lee J, Hwang J, Oh Y, Kang YN. Medical X-band linear accelerator for high-precision radiotherapy. Med Phys 2021; 48:5327-5342. [PMID: 34224166 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, high-precision radiotherapy systems have been developed by integrating computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to enhance the precision of radiotherapy. For integration with additional imaging systems in a limited space, miniaturization and weight reduction of the linear accelerator (linac) system have become important. The aim of this work is to develop a compact medical linac based on 9.3 GHz X-band RF technology instead of the S-band RF technology typically used in the radiotherapy field. METHODS The accelerating tube was designed by 3D finite-difference time-domain and particle-in-cell simulations because the frequency variation resulting from the structural parameters and processing errors is relatively sensitive to the operating performance of the X-band linac. Through the 3D simulation of the electric field distribution and beam dynamics process, we designed an accelerating tube to efficiently accelerate the electron beam and used a magnetron as the RF source to miniaturize the entire linac. In addition, a side-coupled structure was adopted to design a compact linac to reduce the RF power loss. To verify the performance of the linac, we developed a beam diagnostic system to analyze the electron beam characteristics and a quality assurance (QA) experimental environment including 3D lateral water phantoms to analyze the primary performance parameters (energy, dose rate, flatness, symmetry, and penumbra) The QA process was based on the standard protocols AAPM TG-51, 106, 142 and IAEA TRS-398. RESULTS The X-band linac has high shunt impedance and electric field strength. Therefore, even though the length of the accelerating tube is 37 cm, the linac could accelerate an electron beam to more than 6 MeV and produce a beam current of more than 90 mA. The transmission ratio is measured to be approximately 30% ~ 40% when the electron gun operates in the constant emission region. The percent depth dose ratio at the measured depths of 10 and 20 cm was approximately 0.572, so we verified that the photon beam energy was matched to approximately 6 MV. The maximum dose rate was measured as 820 cGy/min when the source-to-skin distance was 80 cm. The symmetry was smaller than the QA standard and the flatness had a higher than standard value due to the flattening filter-free beam characteristics. In the case of the penumbra, it was not sufficiently steep compared to commercial equipment, but it could be compensated by improving additional devices such as multileaf collimator and jaw. CONCLUSIONS A 9.3 GHz X-band medical linac was developed for high-precision radiotherapy. Since a more precise design and machining process are required for X-band RF technology, this linac was developed by performing a 3D simulation and ultraprecision machining. The X-band linac has a short length and a compact volume, but it can generate a validated therapeutic beam. Therefore, it has more flexibility to be coupled with imaging systems such as CT or MRI and can reduce the bore size of the gantry. In addition, the weight reduction can improve the mechanical stiffness of the unit and reduce the mechanical load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seok Lee
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea.,PLS-II Accelerator Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Ju Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Lee
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Insoo S Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Russia Science Seoul Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Seol
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegeon Oh
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Young An
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Hwang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngah Oh
- Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Nam Kang
- Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim KY, Shin KY, Chang KA. Brain-Derived Exosomal Proteins as Effective Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070980. [PMID: 34356604 PMCID: PMC8301985 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, affects approximately 50 million people worldwide, which warrants the search for reliable new biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD. Brain-derived exosomal (BDE) proteins, which are extracellular nanovesicles released by all cell lineages of the central nervous system, have been focused as biomarkers for diagnosis, screening, prognosis prediction, and monitoring in AD. This review focused on the possibility of BDE proteins as AD biomarkers. The articles published prior to 26 January 2021 were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify all relevant studies that reported exosome biomarkers in blood samples of patients with AD. From 342 articles, 20 studies were selected for analysis. We conducted a meta-analysis of six BDE proteins and found that levels of amyloid-β42 (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.534, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.595-2.474), total-tau (SMD = 1.224, 95% CI: 0.534-1.915), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (SMD = 4.038, 95% CI: 2.312-5.764), and tau phosphorylated at serine 396 (SMD = 2.511, 95% CI: 0.795-4.227) were significantly different in patients with AD compared to those in control. Whereas, those of p-tyrosine-insulin receptor substrate-1 and heat shock protein 70 did not show significant differences. This review suggested that Aβ42, t-tau, p-T181-tau, and p-S396-tau could be effective in diagnosing AD as blood biomarkers, despite the limitation in the meta-analysis based on the availability of data. Therefore, certain BDE proteins could be used as effective biomarkers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea;
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.Y.S.); (K.-AC.); Tel.: +82-2-880-1737 (K.Y.S.); +82-32-899-6411 (K.-AC.)
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Neuroscience of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.Y.S.); (K.-AC.); Tel.: +82-2-880-1737 (K.Y.S.); +82-32-899-6411 (K.-AC.)
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Kim S, Lee YS, Kim GJ, Lee JH, Kim IS, Shin KY, Seol Y, Oh Y, Kang YN, Hwang J, Shin JS, Kim A, Kim J, Kim JI. Development of a compact X-band linear accelerator system mounted on an O-arm rotating gantry for radiation therapy. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:024103. [PMID: 33648097 DOI: 10.1063/5.0030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A compact X-band linear accelerator (LINAC) system equipped with a small and lightweight magnetron was constructed to develop a high-precision image-guided radiotherapy system. The developed LINAC system was installed in an O-ring gantry where cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was embedded. When the O-arm gantry is rotated, an x-ray beam is stably generated, which resulted from the stable transmission of radio frequency power into the X-band LINAC system. Quality assurance (QA) tests, including mechanical and dosimetry checks, were carried out to ensure safety and operation performance according to the American Association of Physicists in Medicine's TG-51, 142, an international standard protocol established by accredited institutions. In addition, delivery QA of the radiotherapy planning system was conducted to verify intensity-modulated radiotherapy techniques. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the developed X-band LINAC system mounted on the O-arm gantry proved to be valid and reliable for potential use in CBCT image-guided radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Lee
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Geun-Ju Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Lee
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Insoo S Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- RSS Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Yunji Seol
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Youngah Oh
- Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Young-Nam Kang
- Advanced Institute for Radiation Fusion Medical Technology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
| | - Jinho Hwang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sol Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, South Korea
| | - Aeran Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, South Korea
| | - Jina Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Jung-Il Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan 15588, South Korea
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11
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Shin KY, Kim KY, Suh YH. Dehydroevodiamine·HCl enhances cognitive function in memory-impaired rat models. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 21:55-64. [PMID: 28066141 PMCID: PMC5214911 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Progressive memory impairment such as that associated with depression, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) can interfere with daily life. In particular, AD, which is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, prominently features a memory and learning impairment that is related to changes in acetylcholine and abnormal β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dehydroevodiamine·HCl (DHED) on cognitive improvement and the related mechanism in memory-impaired rat models, namely, a scopolamine-induced amnesia model and a Aβ1-42-infused model. The cognitive effects of DHED were measured using a water maze test and a passive avoidance test in the memory-impaired rat models. The results demonstrate that DHED (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and Donepezil (1 mg/kg, p.o.) ameliorated the spatial memory impairment in the scopolamine-induced amnestic rats. Moreover, DHED significantly improved learning and memory in the Aβ1-42-infused rat model. Furthermore, the mechanism of these behavioral effects of DHED was investigated using a cell viability assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and intracellular calcium measurement in primary cortical neurons. DHED reduced neurotoxicity and the production of Aβ-induced ROS in primary cortical neurons. In addition, similar to the effect of MK801, DHED decreased intracellular calcium levels in primary cortical neurons. Our results suggest that DHED has strong protective effects against cognitive impairments through its antioxidant activity and inhibition of neurotoxicity and intracellular calcium. Thus, DHED may be an important therapeutic agent for memory-impaired symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Yoo-Hun Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute (NRI), Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Korea
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12
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Young Shin K, Noh SJ, Hyoung Park C, Ha Jeong Y, Chang KA, Yoo J, Jin Kim H, Ha S, Kim HS, Park HJ, Lee JH, Moon C, Suh YH. Dehydroevodiamine•HCl Protects Against Memory Impairment and Cerebral Amyloid-β Production in Tg2576 Mice by Acting as a β-Secretase Inhibitor. CNSNDDT 2016; 15:935-944. [DOI: 10.2174/1871527315666160815163723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Chang KA, Shin KY, Nam E, Lee YB, Moon C, Suh YH, Lee SH. Plasma soluble neuregulin-1 as a diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2016; 97:1-7. [PMID: 27133777 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To identify some apparent biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, we investigated whether there would be a significant difference between the levels of the plasma proteins of AD patients and healthy people. A total of 115 subjects were enrolled, 60 individuals with AD and 55 healthy controls. There was a statistical difference in the mini-mental status exam (MMSE) scores and the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scores between the two groups. We used the immunoblotting assay to analyze several plasma proteins in the subjects. Amyloid-β (Aβ), S100a9, and soluble neuregulin-1 (sNRG-1), including α-synuclein (α-Syn) as a detection control were detected in the plasma samples. Unlike Aβ, S100a9 and α-Syn, the level of sNRG-1 of the AD patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy control subjects. The AD patients were divided into mild and moderate groups according to their MMSE and CDR scores. We found a significant correlation between the level of sNRG-1 and MMSE scores. The sNRG-1 level was significantly higher in mild AD patients as well as in moderate AD patients compared with that of the control subjects. These new findings indicate that increased plasma sNRG-1 levels might be a novel and reliable biological marker for the early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 406-799, South Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 330-714, South Korea
| | - Eunjoo Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 406-799, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, 405-760, South Korea
| | - Cheil Moon
- Department of Brain Science, Graduate School, Daegu Gyeungbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 711-873, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Hun Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 406-799, South Korea.
| | - Sang Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea.
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Kim JA, Ha S, Shin KY, Kim S, Lee KJ, Chong YH, Chang KA, Suh YH. Neural stem cell transplantation at critical period improves learning and memory through restoring synaptic impairment in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1789. [PMID: 26086962 PMCID: PMC4669825 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuronal loss in several regions of the brain. Recent studies have suggested that stem cell transplantation could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to halt or ameliorate the inexorable disease progression. However, the optimal stage of the disease for stem cell transplantation to have a therapeutic effect has yet to be determined. Here, we demonstrated that transplantation of neural stem cells into 12-month-old Tg2576 brains markedly improved both cognitive impairments and neuropathological features by reducing β-amyloid processing and upregulating clearance of β-amyloid, secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, endogenous neurogenesis, as well as synapse formation. In contrast, the stem cell transplantation did not recover cognitive dysfunction and β-amyloid neuropathology in Tg2576 mice aged 15 months when the memory loss is manifest. Overall, this study underscores that stem cell therapy at optimal time frame is crucial to obtain maximal therapeutic effects that can restore functional deficits or stop the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-799, Korea
| | - S Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 405-760, Korea
| | - K Y Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-799, Korea
| | - S Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 405-760, Korea
| | - K J Lee
- Synaptic Circuit Plasticity Laboratory, Department of Structure & Function of Neural Network, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Korea
| | - Y H Chong
- Division of Molecular Biology and Neuroscience, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 158-710, Korea
| | - K-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 405-760, Korea
| | - Y-H Suh
- 1] Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-799, Korea [2] Synaptic Circuit Plasticity Laboratory, Department of Structure & Function of Neural Network, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Korea
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15
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Youn SH, Sim T, Choi A, Song J, Shin KY, Lee IK, Heo HM, Lee D, Mun JH. Multi-class biological tissue classification based on a multi-classifier: Preliminary study of an automatic output power control for ultrasonic surgical units. Comput Biol Med 2015; 61:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim GS, Kim EG, Shin KY, Choo HJ, Kim MJ. Combined pelvic muscle exercise and yoga program for urinary incontinence in middle-aged women. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2015; 12:330-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwang Suk Kim
- Nursing Policy Research Institute, College of Nursing; Yonsei University; Seoul Jeollabuk-do Rep of Korea
| | - Eun Gyeong Kim
- Department of Nursing; Kunsan National University; Gunsan Jeollabuk-do Rep of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Hong-ik Yoga Association; Seoul Jeollabuk-do Rep of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choo
- Department of Urology; Ewha Woman's University, Mokdong Hospital; Seoul Jeollabuk-do Rep of Korea
| | - Mi Ja Kim
- College of Nursing; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
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17
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Kim HJ, Shin KY, Chang KA, Ahn S, Choi HS, Kim HS, Suh YH. Dehydroevodiamine·HCl Improves Stress-Induced Memory Impairments and Depression Like Behavior in Rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 18:55-9. [PMID: 24634597 PMCID: PMC3951824 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dehydroevodiamine·HCl (DHED) has been reported to prevent memory impairment and neuronal cell loss in a rat model with cognitive disturbance. We investigated the effect of DHED on memory impairment and behavioral abnormality caused by stress. We demonstrated that DHED can improve stress-induced memory impairments and depression-like behaviors by using open-field test, Y-maze test and forced swimming test. DHED treatment significantly recovered the decreases in the levels of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) proteins caused by stress and the decreases in cell viability. Our results suggested that DHED is a potential drug candidate for neuronal death, memory impairment and depression induced by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 700-010, Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Braintropia Co. Ltd., Anyang 431-716, Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon 406-799, Korea
| | - Sangzin Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Hee Soon Choi
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 700-010, Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Yoo-Hun Suh
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 700-010, Korea
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18
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Yoo SK, Shin KY, Lee TB, Jin SO. New pulse wave measurement method using different hold-down wrist pressures according to individual patient characteristics. Springerplus 2013; 2:406. [PMID: 24024094 PMCID: PMC3766506 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese and Korean medicine, doctors first observe a patient’s pulse by gently and strongly pressing their fingers onto the wrist, and then make a diagnosis based on the observed pulse waves. The most common method to implement this diagnostic technique is to mechanically extract the pulse waves by applying a fixed range of pressures for all patients. However, this method does not consider the patients individual characteristics such as age, sex, and skin thickness. In the present study, we propose a new method of pulse wave extraction that incorporates the personal characteristics of the patients. This method measures the pulse wave signal at varying hold-down pressures, rather than applying a fixed hold-down pressure for all patients. To compare this new technique with existing methods, we extracted pulse waves from 20 subjects, and then determined the actual applied pressure at each step, the coefficient of floating and sinking pulse (CFS), and the distinction of floating/sinking pulse for each group. Consequently, each subject had a different pressure range in our proposed method, whereas all subjects had a similar pressure range in the existing method. Four of 20 subjects exhibited different floating/sinking pulse patterns due to the value of the first pressure step and the range of hold-down pressures. These four subjects were categorized as overweight based on BMI. In addition, the moving distance of the proposed method was longer than the existing method (p = 0.003, paired t-test), and the correlation coefficient between CFS values of two different methods was 0.321, indicating that there was no correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Ki Yoo
- Advanced Medical Device Research, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, 111 Hangaul-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-910 Korea
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Shin KY, Lee TB, Jin SO, Choi SH, Yoo SK, Huh Y, Kim JU, Kim JY. Characteristics of the pulse wave in patients with chronic gastritis and the healthy in Korean medicine. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2012:992-5. [PMID: 23366061 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6346100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic gastritis is a disease that occurs in one in every 10 persons in Korea. Endoscopic examination is needed to diagnose chronic gastritis in western medicine, but it causes patients pain, long period of examinations and financial burden. In KM (Korean Medicine), on the other hand, it can be known whether stomach is abnormal or not through a pulse diagnosis. The 'Guan' position of the right wrist is related to a stomach in KM. Thus, the pulse wave of the right-hand "Guan" of patients with chronic gastritis and the healthy were measured. Then, the diagnostic parameter and features to distinguish between the patients with chronic gastritis and the healthy were discovered. Through P-H curve, consequently, it can be concluded that the pulse waves of patients with chronic gastritis appear as a floating pulse, whereas the pulse waves of the healthy appear as a normal pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Shin
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Korea.
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Rajendra Kopalli S, Koppula S, Shin KY, Noh SJ, Jin Q, Hwang BY, Suh YH. SF-6 attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity: an in vitro and in vivo investigation in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 143:686-694. [PMID: 22902248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Indigofera tinctoria Linn. (I. tinctoria, Fabaceae) has been widely used for several years in the traditional Indian and Chinese system of Medicine for the treatment of epilepsy, nervous and brain disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The effect of SF-6, a compound isolated from I. tinctoria to exhibit neuroprotection in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease (PD), was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, the effect of SF-6 on α-synuclein- or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced cytotoxicity in vitro was investigated. In in vivo studies SF-6 was challenged against 6-OHDA-induced neuronal damage and behavioral deficits in mice. RESULTS SF-6 (1, 5 and 10 μg/mL) significantly inhibited α-synuclein- or 6-OHDA-, H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity and decreased the reactive oxygen species production in SH-SY5Y cells. SF-6 also scavenged hydroxyl free radicals. In in vivo evaluation, SF-6 attenuated the contralateral rotational asymmetry observed by apomorphine challenge in 6-OHDA-lesioned mice. Further, the behavioral deficits evaluated by rotarod test, Y-maze and passive avoidance tasks were reversed by SF-6 and was found more potent compared with standard compound deprenyl. CONCLUSION Data suggest that SF-6 showed neuroprotection in experimental models of PD due to its potent antioxidant action supporting the traditional claim for its use in nervous and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea
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Chang KA, Kim JA, Kim S, Joo Y, Shin KY, Kim S, Kim HS, Suh YH. Therapeutic potentials of neural stem cells treated with fluoxetine in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:885-91. [PMID: 22490608 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have proposed that chronic treatment with antidepressants increases neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. However, the effect of antidepressants on fetal neural stem cells (NSCs) has not been well defined. Our study shows the dose-dependent effects of fluoxetine on the proliferation and neural differentiation of NSCs. Fluoxetine, even at nanomolar concentrations, stimulated proliferation of NSCs and increased the number of βIII-tubulin (Tuj 1)- and neural nucleus marker (NeuN)-positive cells, but not glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells. These results suggest that fluoxetine can enhance neuronal differentiation. In addition, fluoxetine has protective effects against cell death induced by oligomeric amyloid beta (Aβ(42)) peptides. Taken together, these results clearly show that fluoxetine promotes both the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs and exerts protective effects against Aβ(42)-induced cytotoxicities in NSCs, which suggest that the use of fluoxetine is applicable for cell therapy for various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases by its actions in NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
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Jung BK, Pyo KH, Shin KY, Hwang YS, Lim H, Lee SJ, Moon JH, Lee SH, Suh YH, Chai JY, Shin EH. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the brain inhibits neuronal degeneration and learning and memory impairments in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33312. [PMID: 22470449 PMCID: PMC3310043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression is a characteristic feature of Toxoplasma gondii-infected murine hosts. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the immunosuppression induced by T. gondii infection on the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Tg2576 AD mice. Mice were infected with a cyst-forming strain (ME49) of T. gondii, and levels of inflammatory mediators (IFN-γ and nitric oxide), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β), neuronal damage, and β-amyloid plaque deposition were examined in brain tissues and/or in BV-2 microglial cells. In addition, behavioral tests, including the water maze and Y-maze tests, were performed on T. gondii-infected and uninfected Tg2576 mice. Results revealed that whereas the level of IFN-γ was unchanged, the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in T. gondii-infected mice than in uninfected mice, and in BV-2 cells treated with T. gondii lysate antigen. Furthermore, nitrite production from primary cultured brain microglial cells and BV-2 cells was reduced by the addition of T. gondii lysate antigen (TLA), and β-amyloid plaque deposition in the cortex and hippocampus of Tg2576 mouse brains was remarkably lower in T. gondii-infected AD mice than in uninfected controls. In addition, water maze and Y-maze test results revealed retarded cognitive capacities in uninfected mice as compared with infected mice. These findings demonstrate the favorable effects of the immunosuppression induced by T. gondii infection on the pathogenesis and progression of AD in Tg2576 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Kwang Jung
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sang Hwang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsub Lim
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Moon
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Hun Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Shin
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Shin KY, Jeon SC, Nam KC, Huh Y. Implementation of array sensor module for a radial artery tonometry. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2010:6397-400. [PMID: 21096702 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5627310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an array sensor module to measure pulse wave of radial artery. To measure pressure, this module contains 7 piezoresistive sensors of the size of 1×1 mm. This sensor module is composed of a PCB for bonding sensor, PCB guide for wiring, silicon guide to keep its shape while PDMS coating, and PDMS layer protect fragile sensor and wire while faithfully transmitting the pressure of the patient's skin to the sensor. To test characteristic of pressure sensors in the sensor module, intra-chamber pressure was raised in 20mmHg step from 60mmHg to 220mmHg. The coefficient of determinant was r(2)>0.999. When the radial artery's pulse wave with developed sensor module was measured, pulse wave is clearly detected. In this study, developed array sensor module is appropriate to measure pulse wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Shin
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Korea.
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Shin KY, Jin SO, Youn SH, Joo SB, Jo YH, Kwon OK, Huh Y. A pulse wave simulator for palpation in the oriental medicine. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2011:4163-4166. [PMID: 22255256 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pulse diagnosis, which is one of methods of diagnosis, is an important factor in oriental medicine. However, a problem in diagnosis with the pulse is that there is no objective standard. Therefore, the practitioners pass on the skill and students learn about pulse diagnosis as a method that depends on speech. In this study, the electronic pulse wave reproduction apparatus, which is an objective and accurate means for measuring the pulse, was developed. The previous model reproduced the pulse wave in one part of the point, but it was made by using three pairs of voice coil motors (VCM) in order to similarly express the three parts of the pulse: Cun, Guan and Chi. To evaluate this system, the output of the pulse wave was confirmed in order to reproduce the pulse wave with these settings. Consequently, the targets for slow pulse and rapid pulse have a 7 ms standard deviation, which is within the error tolerance. A voltage value of H(1), utilized to verify vacuous pulse and the replete pulse, has a standard deviation range of 4.7-5.4 mV. This system, which is similar to a person's pulse diagnosis, can be used to educate others in pulse diagnosis both quantitatively and scientifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Shin
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Korea.
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Noh SJ, Lee SH, Shin KY, Lee CK, Cho IH, Kim HS, Suh YH. SP-8203 reduces oxidative stress via SOD activity and behavioral deficit in cerebral ischemia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2010; 98:150-4. [PMID: 21172384 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2010.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Both oxidative stress and excessive activation of glutamate receptors are implicated as major causes of ischemic brain injury. However, the existing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists have not exerted good clinical outcome, most likely because they do not protect neurons against oxidative stress. Thus, more effective glutamate antagonists and antioxidants are needed for the treatment of ischemic stroke. In previous study, SP-8203, derived from earth worms, showed the blocking effect of NMDA receptor. We provided evidence that SP-8203 could also suppress the oxidative stress in this study. In vitro, 250 μM H2O2 was treated to SH-SY5Y cells after the pre-treatment of SP-8203 (2, 20 and 200 μM). SP-8203 significantly suppressed H2O2-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species production. In addition, we investigated the effects of SP-8203 in middle cerebral artery (MCA) occluded rat model. SP-8203 (5 and 10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to rats before and after the MCA occlusion and was injected daily for 10 days. After 10 days, SP-8203 remarkably reduced brain infarct volume and lipid peroxidation products in the MCA-occluded rats but MK-801 didn't. Moreover, SP-8203 significantly improved neurological deficits such as shortening of latency time in Rota rod performance. However, MK-801 didn't improve behavioral deficits. Therefore, SP-8203 may be more effective for multiple-target mechanisms of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Noh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of medicine, Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, and Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Shin KY, Lee JY, Won BY, Jung HY, Chang KA, Koppula S, Suh YH. BT-11 is effective for enhancing cognitive functions in the elderly humans. Neurosci Lett 2009; 465:157-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kim S, Cho SH, Kim KY, Shin KY, Kim HS, Park CH, Chang KA, Lee SH, Cho D, Suh YH. α-Synuclein induces migration of BV-2 microglial cells by up-regulation of CD44 and MT1-MMP. J Neurochem 2009; 109:1483-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lee JY, Kim KY, Shin KY, Won BY, Jung HY, Suh YH. Effects of BT-11 on memory in healthy humans. Neurosci Lett 2009; 454:111-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Noh SJ, Shin KY, Suh YH. Dehydroevodiamine attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damages in Tg2576 mice. Neurosci Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Shin KY, Won BY, Heo C, Kim HJ, Jang DP, Park CH, Kim S, Kim HS, Kim YB, Lee HG, Lee SH, Cho ZH, Suh YH. BT-11 improves stress-induced memory impairments through increment of glucose utilization and total neural cell adhesion molecule levels in rat brains. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:260-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Shin KY, Park CH, Lee SH, Suh YH. P2‐361: Dehydroevodiamine·HCl attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damages in Tg2576 mice. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Shin
- College of Medicine , Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hyoung Park
- College of Medicine , Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyung Lee
- Seoul National University Boramae HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Hun Suh
- College of Medicine , Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
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Shin KY, Lee GH, Park CH, Kim HJ, Park SH, Kim S, Kim HS, Lee KS, Won BY, Lee HG, Choi JH, Suh YH. A novel compound, maltolyl p-coumarate, attenuates cognitive deficits and shows neuroprotective effects in vitro and in vivo dementia models. J Neurosci Res 2007; 85:2500-11. [PMID: 17600377 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To develop a novel and effective drug that could enhance cognitive function and neuroprotection, we newly synthesized maltolyl p-coumarate by the esterification of maltol and p-coumaric acid. In the present study, we investigated whether maltolyl p-coumarate could improve cognitive decline in scopolamine-injected rats and in amyloid beta peptide(1-42)-infused rats. Maltolyl p-coumarate was found to attenuate cognitive deficits in both rat models using passive avoidance test and to reduce apoptotic cell death observed in the hippocampus of the amyloid beta peptide(1-42)-infused rats. We also examined the neuroprotective effects of maltolyl p-coumarate in vitro using SH-SY5Y cells. Cells were pretreated with maltolyl p-coumarate, before exposed to amyloid beta peptide(1-42), glutamate or H2O2. We found that maltolyl p-coumarate significantly decreased apoptotic cell death and reduced reactive oxygen species, cytochrome c release, and caspase 3 activation. Taking these in vitro and in vivo results together, our study suggests that maltolyl p-coumarate is a potentially effective candidate against Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by wide spread neuronal death and progressive decline of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Alzheimer's Dementia and Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Choi Y, Kim HS, Shin KY, Kim EM, Kim M, Kim HS, Park CH, Jeong YH, Yoo J, Lee JP, Chang KA, Kim S, Suh YH. Minocycline attenuates neuronal cell death and improves cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease models. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 32:2393-404. [PMID: 17406652 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1301377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Minocycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic that effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier. Minocycline has been reported to have significant neuroprotective effects in models of cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that minocycline has neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo Alzheimer's disease models. Minocycline was found to attenuate the increases in the phosphorylation of double-stranded RNA-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase, eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 alpha and caspase 12 activation induced by amyloid beta peptide1-42 treatment in NGF-differentiated PC 12 cells. In addition, increases in the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 alpha were attenuated by administration of minocycline in Tg2576 mice, which harbor mutated human APP695 gene including the Swedish double mutation and amyloid beta peptide(1-42)-infused rats. We found that minocycline administration attenuated deficits in learning and memory in amyloid beta peptide(1-42)-infused rats. Increased phosphorylated state of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 alpha is observed in Alzheimer's disease patients' brains and may result in impairment of cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease patients by decreasing the efficacy of de novo protein synthesis required for synaptic plasticity. On the basis of these results, minocycline may prove to be a good candidate as an effective therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoori Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Alzheimer's Dementia and Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim M, Choi Y, Kim HS, Shin KY, Kim EM, Suh YH. Minocycline attenuates neuronal cell death and improves cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease models. Neurosci Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2007.06.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chang KA, Kim HS, Ha TY, Ha JW, Shin KY, Jeong YH, Lee JP, Park CH, Kim S, Baik TK, Suh YH. Phosphorylation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) at Thr668 regulates the nuclear translocation of the APP intracellular domain and induces neurodegeneration. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:4327-38. [PMID: 16705182 PMCID: PMC1489099 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.02393-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) has eight potential phosphorylation sites in its cytoplasmic domain. Recently, it has demonstrated that the constitutive phosphorylation of APP at T668 (APP695 isoform numbering) was observed specifically in the brain. Neuron-specific phosphorylation of APP at T668 is thought to be important for neuronal functions of APP, although its exact physiological significance remains to be clarified. In this study, we show that the phosphorylation of the APP intracellular domain (AICD) at T668 is essential for its binding to Fe65 and its nuclear translocation and affects the resultant neurotoxicity, possibly mediated through the induction of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta and tau phosphorylation by enhancing the formation of a ternary complex with Fe65 and CP2 transcription factor. Taken together, these results suggest that the phosphorylation of AICD at T668 contributes to the neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by regulating its translocation into the nucleus and then affects neurodegeneration; therefore, the specific inhibitor of T668 phosphorylation might be the target of AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun-A Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, and National Creative Research Initiative Center for Alzheimer's Dementia, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
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Jeong YH, Park CH, Yoo J, Shin KY, Ahn SM, Kim HS, Lee SH, Emson PC, Suh YH. Chronic stress accelerates learning and memory impairments and increases amyloid deposition in APPV717I-CT100 transgenic mice, an Alzheimer's disease model. FASEB J 2006; 20:729-31. [PMID: 16467370 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-4265fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although chronic stress is known to be linked with memory and other neurological disorders, little is known about the relationship between chronic stress and the onset or development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term stress on the onset and severity of cognitive deficits and pathological changes in APPV717I-CT100 mice overexpressing human APP-CT100 containing the London mutation (V717I) after exposure to immobilization stress. We found that chronic immobilization stress accelerated cognitive impairments, as accessed by the Passive avoidance and the Social Transfer of Food Preference (STFP) tests. Moreover, the numbers and densities of vascular and extracellular deposits containing amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) and carboxyl-terminal fragments of amyloid precursor protein (APP-CTFs), which are pathologic markers of AD, were significantly elevated in stressed animals, especially in the hippocampus. Moreover, stressed animals, also showed highly elevated levels of neurodegeneration and tau phosphorylation and increased intraneuronal Abeta and APP-CTFs immunoreactivities in the hippocampus and in the entorhinal and piriform cortex. This study provides the first evidence that chronic stress accelerates the onset and severity of cognitive deficits and that these are highly correlated with pathological changes, which thus indicates that chronic stress may be an important contributor to the onset and development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ha Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Creative Research Initiative Centre for Alzheimer's Dementia and Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Brouet V, Yang WL, Zhou XJ, Hussain Z, Ru N, Shin KY, Fisher IR, Shen ZX. Fermi surface reconstruction in the CDW state of CeTe3 observed by photoemission. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:126405. [PMID: 15447291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.126405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
CeTe3 is a layered compound where an incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) opens a large gap ( approximately 400 meV) in optimally nested regions of the Fermi surface (FS), whereas other sections with poorer nesting remain ungapped. Through angle-resolved photoemission, we identify bands backfolded according to the CDW periodicity. They define FS pockets formed by the intersection of the original FS and its CDW replica. Such pockets illustrate very directly the role of nesting in the CDW formation but they could not be detected so far in a CDW system. We address the reasons for the weak intensity of the folded bands, by comparing different foldings coexisting in CeTe3.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Brouet
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Shin KY, Park CH, Choi SH, Lee SH, Kim HS, Suh YH. P4-405 Dehydroevodiaminehcl extracted from evodia rutaecarpa bentham prevents impairment of learning and memory and neuronal loss. Neurobiol Aging 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(04)81962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hefeneider SH, McCoy SL, Hausman FA, Christensen HL, Takahashi D, Perrin N, Bracken TD, Shin KY, Hall AS. Long-term effects of 60-Hz electric vs. magnetic fields on IL-1 and IL-2 activity in sheep. Bioelectromagnetics 2001; 22:170-7. [PMID: 11255212 DOI: 10.1002/bem.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the effect of exposure to long-term extremely low-frequency electric and magnetic fields (ELF-EMF) from a 500 kV transmission line on IL-1 and IL-2 activity in sheep. The primary hypothesis was that the reduction in IL-1 activity observed in our two previous short-term studies (10 months) was due to EMF exposure from this transmission line. To repeat and expand these studies and to characterize the components of EMF responsible for the previously observed reduction in IL-1 activity, the current experiment examined not only the effect of exposure to electric and magnetic fields, but also the magnetic field component alone. In the current study, IL-2 was examined to characterize the effects of EMF exposure on an indicator of T cell responses. 45 Suffolk ewe lambs were randomized into three groups of 15 animals each. One group of animals was placed in the EMF pen, located directly beneath the transmission line. A second group was placed in the shielded MF (magnetic field only) pen, also directly beneath the transmission line. The third group of animals was placed in the control pen located several hundred meters away from the transmission line. During the 27 month exposure period, blood samples were taken from all animals monthly. When the data were analyzed collectively over time, no significant differences between the groups were found for IL-1 or IL-2 activity. In previous studies ewe lambs of 8-10 weeks of age were used as the study animals and significant differences in IL-1 activity were observed after exposure of these animals to EMF at mean magnetic fields of 3.5-3.8 microT (35-38 mG) and mean electric fields of 5.2-5.8 kV/m. At the start of the current study EMF levels were reduced as compared to previous studies. One interpretation of the current data is that magnetic field strength and age of the animals may be important variables in determining whether EMF exposure will affect IL-1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Hefeneider
- Department of Immunology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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Shin KY, Moon HS, Park HY, Lee TY, Woo YN, Kim HJ, Lee SJ, Kong G. Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma on expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in human bladder cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2000; 159:127-34. [PMID: 10996723 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(00)00522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon (INF-gamma), the potent Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-induced cytokines on the production of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and MT1-MMP in high grade human bladder cancer cell lines, T-24, J-82 and HT-1376 cell lines. MMP-2 expression and activity were decreased in T-24 cells treated with both cytokines in a dose dependent manner. However, J-82 cells treated with TNF-alpha and INF-gamma revealed dose dependent increases of MMP-9 expression and activity with similar baseline expression and activity of MMP-2. HT-1376 cells after exposure to TNF-alpha only enhanced the expression and activity of MMP-9. These results indicate that TNF-alpha and INF-gamma could regulate the production of MMP-2 or MMP-9 on bladder cancer cells and their patterns of regulation are cell specific. Furthermore, this diverse response of bladder cancer cells to TNF-alpha and INF-gamma suggests that BCG immunotherapy may enhance the invasiveness of bladder cancer in certain conditions with induction of MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Shin
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, #17 Haengdang-Dong, Sungdong-Ku, Seoul, 133-792, South Korea
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Abstract
We investigated the Bcl-2 and P53 protein expressions in 89 patients with bladder cancers using immunohistochemical analysis. In superficial tumors, the times of tumor recurrence and progression were significantly shorter in the P53-positive group than in the negative group (p < 0.005, p < 0.05, respectively). In invasive tumors, the disease-specific actuarial survivals were significantly lower in the P53 and Bcl-2-positive groups (p <0.05, p < 0.025, respectively). In multivariate analysis, overexpression of p53 and Bcl-2 had independent prognostic value for survivals in invasive tumor, while disease-free survival was related independently to overexpression of p53 in superficial tumor. The results of our assessment for chemoeffectiveness revealed that the patients with Bcl-2-positive tumors had significantly lower response rates than those with Bcl-2-negative tumors (p < 0.05). We conclude that p53 expression is an independent, poor prognostic marker in invasive tumors as well as in superficial tumors and that overexpression of Bcl-2 is independently associated with a reduced-survival in patients with invasive tumors. These prognostic differences related to P53 and Bcl-2 expression in invasive bladder cancers may be partly due to chemo- or radio-sensitivity in relation to apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
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Ahn MJ, Oh SJ, Lee YY, Jung TJ, Kim IS, Choi IY, Jang SJ, Park YW, Shin KY, Kim YS. A case of prostate cancer in 34 year old man presenting with generalized lymphadenopathy mimicking malignant lymphoma. J Korean Med Sci 1997; 12:262-5. [PMID: 9250926 PMCID: PMC3054289 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.1997.12.3.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of prostate cancer in 34 year old man presenting with generalized lymphadenopathy mimicking malignant lymphoma without any urinary symptoms. Lymph node biopsy revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma and immunohistochemical stain was strongly positive to prostate antigen (PSA). Serum PSA level was also markedly elevated. Transrectal ultrasonogram showed mild enlargement in right lobe of prostate. Needle biopsy finding of prostate also was consistent with adenocarcinoma. Bone scan revealed multiple metastatic lesions including vertebrae, ribs, pelvis, and both femurs. Generalized lymphadenopathy and elevated PSA level was decreased after bilateral orchiectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Cyclin D1 is a cell cycle regulator essential for G1 phase progression and is frequently overexpressed in several human tumour types as a consequence of gene amplification or chromosomal rearrangements. We analysed the expression of cyclin D1 in 75 patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) to investigate the possible relationship between its expression and clinical outcome as well as histopathological findings using the immunohistochemical method. We observed strong staining (++, > 50% positive cells) for cyclin D1 in 19 cases (25.3%) and weak staining (+, 5-50% positive cells) in 19 cases (25.3%). Overexpression of cyclin D1 was not associated with tumour invasion. No significant association was found between overexpression of cyclin D1 and tumour grade (P > 0.05). We assessed the differences of disease-free interval in superficial tumours and actuarial survival probability in invasive tumours according to the status of cyclin D1 expression. Tumours with (++) staining for cyclin D1 recurred much more rapidly than (-) and/or (+) staining tumours (P < 0.01 for - vs ++; P < 0.05 for + vs ++). However, overexpression of cyclin D1 was not associated with a shortened overall survival of patients with invasive tumours (P < 0.1). These results suggest that genetic alteration of cyclin D1 appears to be an early event in the tumorigenesis of bladder TCC and is associated with early recurrence in superficial tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Y Shin
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Takatsuki K, Schneider AB, Shin KY, Sherwood LM. Extraction, purification, and partial characterization of bovine parathyroid secretory protein. J Biol Chem 1981; 256:2342-5. [PMID: 7462241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid secretory protein (PSP) was purified from extracts of bovine parathyroid glands using radioactive PSP as a marker during purification. The labeled preparation was obtained by gel filtration of medium resulting from incubation of parathyroid glands with radioactive amino acids for 4 h. Alkaline extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and gel filtration over Bio-Gel A 1.5 M and A 5 M resulted in a homogeneous product. Purified PSP monomer had a Mr = 67,000, was highly acidic on gel electrophoresis, and contained over 35% glutamic and aspartic acid residues. Approximately 18% of the protein consisted of carbohydrate residues. The homogeneity of the final product was established by polyacrylamide and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis and the identification of a single NH2-terminal leucine. A radioimmunoassay for PSP was developed to identify the protein in tissue extracts and in incubation medium. Purification of PSP should be useful in defining further its biochemistry, biologic function, and control of secretion.
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