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Guzik P, Siwowska K, Fang HY, Cohrs S, Bernhardt P, Schibli R, Müller C. Promising potential of [ 177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate to enhance tumor response to immunotherapy-a preclinical study using a syngeneic breast cancer model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 48:984-994. [PMID: 33078260 PMCID: PMC8041666 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-05054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It was previously demonstrated that radiation effects can enhance the therapy outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this study, a syngeneic breast tumor mouse model was used to investigate the effect of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate as an immune stimulus to enhance anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy. METHODS In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to characterize NF9006 breast tumor cells with regard to folate receptor (FR) expression and the possibility of tumor targeting using [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate. A preclinical therapy study was performed over 70 days with NF9006 tumor-bearing mice that received vehicle only (group A); [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate (5 MBq; 3.5 Gy absorbed tumor dose; group B); anti-CTLA-4 antibody (3 × 200 μg; group C), or both agents (group D). The mice were monitored regarding tumor growth over time and signs indicating adverse events of the treatment. RESULTS [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate bound specifically to NF9006 tumor cells and tissue in vitro and accumulated in NF9006 tumors in vivo. The treatment with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate or an anti-CTLA-4 antibody had only a minor effect on NF9006 tumor growth and did not substantially increase the median survival time of mice (23 day and 19 days, respectively) as compared with untreated controls (12 days). [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate sensitized, however, the tumors to anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy, which became obvious by reduced tumor growth and, hence, a significantly improved median survival time of mice (> 70 days). No obvious signs of adverse effects were observed in treated mice as compared with untreated controls. CONCLUSION Application of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-folate had a positive effect on the therapy outcome of anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy. The results of this study may open new perspectives for future clinical translation of folate radioconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Guzik
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Hsin-Yu Fang
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Susan Cohrs
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Peter Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Physics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Medical Physics and Medical Bioengineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland. .,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Siwowska K, Guzik P, Domnanich KA, Monné Rodríguez JM, Bernhardt P, Ponsard B, Hasler R, Borgna F, Schibli R, Köster U, van der Meulen NP, Müller C. Therapeutic Potential of 47Sc in Comparison to 177Lu and 90Y: Preclinical Investigations. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11080424. [PMID: 31434360 PMCID: PMC6723926 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted radionuclide therapy with 177Lu- and 90Y-labeled radioconjugates is a clinically-established treatment modality for metastasized cancer. 47Sc is a therapeutic radionuclide that decays with a half-life of 3.35 days and emits medium-energy β−-particles. In this study, 47Sc was investigated, in combination with a DOTA-folate conjugate, and compared to the therapeutic properties of 177Lu-folate and 90Y-folate, respectively. In vitro, 47Sc-folate demonstrated effective reduction of folate receptor-positive ovarian tumor cell viability similar to 177Lu-folate, but 90Y-folate was more potent at equal activities due to the higher energy of emitted β−-particles. Comparable tumor growth inhibition was observed in mice that obtained the same estimated absorbed tumor dose (~21 Gy) when treated with 47Sc-folate (12.5 MBq), 177Lu-folate (10 MBq), and 90Y-folate (5 MBq), respectively. The treatment resulted in increased median survival of 39, 43, and 41 days, respectively, as compared to 26 days in untreated controls. There were no statistically significant differences among the therapeutic effects observed in treated groups. Histological assessment revealed no severe side effects two weeks after application of the radiofolates, even at double the activity used for therapy. Based on the decay properties and our results, 47Sc is likely to be comparable to 177Lu when employed for targeted radionuclide therapy. It may, therefore, have potential for clinical translation and be of particular interest in tandem with 44Sc or 43Sc as a diagnostic match, enabling the realization of radiotheragnostics in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Patrycja Guzik
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Katharina A Domnanich
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Josep M Monné Rodríguez
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology (LAMP), Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Bernhardt
- Department of Radiation Physics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Physics and Medical Bioengineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bernard Ponsard
- SCK.CEN, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, BR2 Reactor, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Roger Hasler
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Borgna
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulli Köster
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicholas P van der Meulen
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Schniering J, Borgna F, Siwowska K, Benešová M, Cohrs S, Hasler R, van der Meulen NP, Maurer B, Schibli R, Müller C. In Vivo Labeling of Plasma Proteins for Imaging of Enhanced Vascular Permeability in the Lungs. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4995-5004. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Schniering
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Borgna
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Legnaro National Laboratories, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Martina Benešová
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susan Cohrs
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Roger Hasler
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas P. van der Meulen
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Britta Maurer
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Boss SD, Müller C, Siwowska K, Schmid RM, Groehn V, Schibli R, Ametamey SM. Diastereomerically Pure 6 R- and 6 S-3'-Aza-2'- 18F-Fluoro-5-Methyltetrahydrofolates Show Unprecedentedly High Uptake in Folate Receptor-Positive KB Tumors. J Nucl Med 2018; 60:135-141. [PMID: 30042162 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.213314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop the radiosyntheses of diastereomerically pure 6R- and 6S-3'-aza-2'-18F-fluoro-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) (6R-18F-1 and 6S-18F-1) using the integrated approach and to compare the in vitro and in vivo performance characteristics of both radioligands with the previously reported 3'-aza-2'-18F-fluorofolic acid tracer (18F-2), the oxidized form. Methods: 6R-18F-1, 6S-18F-1, and 18F-2 were radiolabeled with 18F using aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction. In vitro cell uptake studies and binding affinity assays were performed using folate receptor (FR)-α-expressing KB cells. PET/CT imaging and biodistribution experiments were performed with KB tumor-bearing mice. Results: Reference compounds 6R-1 and 6S-1 were obtained after acidic hydrolysis of the corresponding protected intermediates 6R-3 and 6S-3 in high chemical yields (81%-87%) and chemical purities of more than 95%. 6R-18F-1, 6S-18F-1, and 18F-2 were obtained after a 2-step radiosynthetic procedure in a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of up to 5% and molar radioactivities ranging from 20 to 250 GBq/μmol. In vitro binding affinity studies using FR-α-positive KB cells gave half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of 27.1 ± 3.7 and 23.8 ± 4.0 nM for 6R-1 and 6S-1, respectively, which were higher than for the previously reported 3'-aza-2'-fluorofolic acid 2 (1.4 ± 0.5 nM). Comparably high cell uptake values in FR-α-expressing KB cells were found for all 3 radiofolates. In biodistribution studies, exceptionally high KB tumor uptake value of over 32% injected activity per gram of tissue for both 6R-18F-1 and 6S-18F-1 was observed at 180 min after injection, whereas for 18F-2 only 15% injected activity per gram was found in the KB tumors. Radioactivity uptake in the kidneys, liver, salivary glands, and spleen was substantially different for the 6R- and 6S-diastereoisomers and 18F-2 Excellent KB tumor visualization was found in PET/CT images with 6R-18F-1 and 6S-18F-1, both of which outperformed the corresponding oxidized 18F-2. Conclusion: We have successfully radiolabeled 6R- and 6S-3'-aza-2'-18F-fluoro-5-MTHF with 18F using the integrated approach. Our results suggest that both 6R- and 6S-3'-aza-2'-18F-fluoro-5-MTHF are promising reduced radiofolates for imaging FR-α-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvan D Boss
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; and
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; and
| | - Raffaella M Schmid
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; and
| | | | - Roger Schibli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; and
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Boss SD, Müller C, Siwowska K, Büchel JI, Schmid RM, Groehn V, Schibli R, Ametamey SM. Reduced 18F-Folate Conjugates as a New Class of PET Tracers for Folate Receptor Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1119-1130. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvan D. Boss
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Josephine I. Büchel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella M. Schmid
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | | | - Roger Schibli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Ametamey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Siwowska K, Schmid RM, Cohrs S, Schibli R, Müller C. Folate Receptor-Positive Gynecological Cancer Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:ph10030072. [PMID: 28809784 PMCID: PMC5620616 DOI: 10.3390/ph10030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The folate receptor alpha (FR) is expressed in a variety of gynecological cancer types. It has been widely used for tumor targeting with folic acid conjugates of diagnostic and therapeutic probes. The cervical KB tumor cells have evolved as the standard model for preclinical investigations of folate-based (radio) conjugates. In this study, a panel of FR-expressing human cancer cell lines—including cervical (HeLa, KB, KB-V1), ovarian (IGROV-1, SKOV-3, SKOV-3.ip), choriocarcinoma (JAR, BeWo) and endometrial (EFE-184) tumor cells—was investigated in vitro and for their ability to grow as xenografts in mice. FR-expression levels were compared in vitro and in vivo and the cell lines were characterized by determination of the sensitivity towards commonly-used chemotherapeutics and the expression of two additional, relevant tumor markers, HER2 and L1-CAM. It was found that, besides KB cells, its multiresistant KB-V1 subclone as well as the ovarian cancer cell lines, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3.ip, could be used as potentially more relevant preclinical models. They would allow addressing specific questions such as the therapeutic efficacy of FR-targeting agents in tumor (mouse) models of multi-resistance and in mouse models of metastases formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
| | - Raffaella M Schmid
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
| | - Susan Cohrs
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
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7
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Pellegrini G, Siwowska K, Haller S, Antoine DJ, Schibli R, Kipar A, Müller C. A Short-Term Biological Indicator for Long-Term Kidney Damage after Radionuclide Therapy in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017. [PMID: 28635637 PMCID: PMC5490414 DOI: 10.3390/ph10020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor (FR)-targeted radionuclide therapy using folate radioconjugates is of interest due to the expression of the FR in a variety of tumor types. The high renal accumulation of radiofolates presents, however, a risk of radionephropathy. A potential option to address this challenge would be to use radioprotectants, such as amifostine. Methods for early detection of kidney damage that—in this case—cannot be predicted based on dose estimations, would facilitate the development of novel therapies. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess potentially changing levels of plasma and urine biomarkers and to determine DNA damage at an early stage after radiofolate application. The identification of an early indicator for renal damage in mice would be useful since histological changes become apparent only several months after treatment. Mice were injected with different quantities of 177Lu-folate (10 MBq, 20 MBq and 30 MBq), resulting in mean absorbed kidney doses of ~23 Gy, ~46 Gy and ~69 Gy, respectively, followed by euthanasia two weeks (>85% of the mean renal radiation dose absorbed) or three months later. Whereas all investigated biomarkers remained unchanged, the number of γ-H2AX-positive nuclei in the renal cortex showed an evident dose-dependent increase as compared to control values two weeks after treatment. Comparison with the extent of kidney injury determined by histological changes five to eight months after administration of the same 177Lu-folate activities suggested that the quantitative assessment of double-strand breaks can be used as a biological indicator for long-term radiation effects in the kidneys. This method may, thus, enable faster assessment of radiopharmaceuticals and protective measures by preventing logistically challenging long-term investigations to detect kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pellegrini
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology (LAMP), Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
| | - Stephanie Haller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel J Antoine
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Anja Kipar
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology (LAMP), Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
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Siwowska K, Haller S, Bortoli F, Benešová M, Groehn V, Bernhardt P, Schibli R, Müller C. Preclinical Comparison of Albumin-Binding Radiofolates: Impact of Linker Entities on the in Vitro and in Vivo Properties. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:523-532. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Siwowska
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Haller
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Bortoli
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Martina Benešová
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Viola Groehn
- Merck & Cie Schaffhausen, 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Bernhardt
- Department
of Radiation Physics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department
of Medical Physics and Medical Bioengineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center
for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Farkas R, Siwowska K, Ametamey SM, Schibli R, van der Meulen NP, Müller C. (64)Cu- and (68)Ga-Based PET Imaging of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumors: Development and Evaluation of an Albumin-Binding NODAGA-Folate. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1979-87. [PMID: 27145400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A number of folate-based radioconjugates have been synthesized and evaluated for nuclear imaging purposes of folate receptor (FR)-positive tumors and potential therapeutic application. A common shortcoming of radiofolates is, however, a significant accumulation of radioactivity in the kidneys. This situation has been faced by modifying the folate conjugate with an albumin-binding entity to increase the circulation time of the radiofolate, which led to significantly improved tumor-to-kidney ratios. The aim of this study was to develop an albumin-binding folate conjugate with a NODAGA-chelator (rf42) for labeling with (64)Cu and (68)Ga, allowing application for PET imaging. The folate conjugate rf42 was synthesized in 8 steps, with an overall yield of 5%. Radiolabeling with (64)Cu and (68)Ga was carried out at room temperature within 10 min resulting in (64)Cu-rf42 and (68)Ga-rf42 with >95% radiochemical purity. (64)Cu-rf42 and (68)Ga-rf42 were stable (>95% intact) in phosphate-buffered saline over more than 4 half-lives of the corresponding radionuclide. In vitro, the plasma protein-bound fraction of (64)Cu-rf42 and (68)Ga-rf42 was determined to be >96%. Cell experiments proved FR-specific uptake of both radiofolates, as it was reduced to <1% when KB tumor cells were coincubated with excess folic acid. In vivo, high accumulation of (64)Cu-rf42 and (68)Ga-rf42 was found in KB tumors of mice (14.52 ± 0.99% IA/g and 11.92 ± 1.68% IA/g, respectively) at 4 h after injection. The tumor-to-kidney ratios were in the range of 0.43-0.55 over the first 4 h of investigation. At later time points (up to 72 h p.i. of (64)Cu-rf42) the tumor-to-kidney ratio increased to 0.73. High-quality PET/CT images were obtained 2 h after injection of (64)Cu-rf42 and (68)Ga-rf42, respectively, allowing distinct visualization of tumors and kidneys. Comparison of PET/CT images obtained with (64)Cu-rf42 and a (64)Cu-labeled DOTA-folate conjugate (cm10) clearly proved the superiority of NODAGA for stable coordination of (64)Cu. (64)Cu-cm10 showed high liver uptake, most probably as a consequence of released (64)Cu(2+). The data reported in this study clearly proved the promising features of (64)Cu-rf42, particularly in terms of favorable tumor-to-kidney ratios. The relatively long half-life of (64)Cu (T1/2 = 12.7 h) matches well with the enhanced circulation time of the albumin-binding NODAGA-folate, allowing PET imaging at longer time points after injection than is possible when using (68)Ga (T1/2 = 68 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Farkas
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas P van der Meulen
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut , Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
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Farkas R, Siwowska K, van der Meulen N, Schibli R, Müller C. 64Cu-Labeled Folate Radioconjugate for PET Imaging of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumors. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)30082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li Q, Shen R, Treger JS, Wanderling SS, Milewski W, Siwowska K, Bezanilla F, Perozo E. Resting state of the human proton channel dimer in a lipid bilayer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E5926-35. [PMID: 26443860 PMCID: PMC4640771 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1515043112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 plays a critical role in the fast proton translocation that underlies a wide range of physiological functions, including the phagocytic respiratory burst, sperm motility, apoptosis, and metastatic cancer. Both voltage activation and proton conduction are carried out by a voltage-sensing domain (VSD) with strong similarity to canonical VSDs in voltage-dependent cation channels and enzymes. We set out to determine the structural properties of membrane-reconstituted human proton channel (hHv1) in its resting conformation using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy together with biochemical and computational methods. We evaluated existing structural templates and generated a spectroscopically constrained model of the hHv1 dimer based on the Ci-VSD structure at resting state. Mapped accessibility data revealed deep water penetration through hHv1, suggesting a highly focused electric field, comprising two turns of helix along the fourth transmembrane segment. This region likely contains the H(+) selectivity filter and the conduction pore. Our 3D model offers plausible explanations for existing electrophysiological and biochemical data, offering an explicit mechanism for voltage activation based on a one-click sliding helix conformational rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qufei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Jeremy S Treger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Sherry S Wanderling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Wieslawa Milewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Klaudia Siwowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Francisco Bezanilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Eduardo Perozo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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Siwowska K, Müller C. Preclinical development of small-molecular-weight folate-based radioconjugates: a pharmacological perspective. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2015; 59:269-286. [PMID: 26149341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The folate receptor (FR) has attracted attention as a target structure because of its frequent expression in cancer cells (FR-α) and activated macrophages (FR-β). The vitamin folic acid has served as a promising targeting ligand allowing selective delivery of attached radionuclides suitable for imaging of the diseased sites and for therapeutic application. A large number of folate radioconjugates with variable chemical structures have been developed over the last 25 years. Accumulation of radioactivity in healthy organs and tissues was always seen in the kidneys due to the expression of the FR in the proximal tubule cells. In some cases unspecific uptake of radiofolates was also seen in the liver and the intestinal tract. To address this situation and improve the target-to-off-target ratios of accumulated radioactivity several strategies were undertaken, including chemical modifications of the folate conjugates, selection of appropriate radionuclides and application of drug combinations. Depending on the radionuclide which was employed various chelators and linker entities were investigated and additional functionalities with albumin-binding properties were tested with the aim to increase the serum half-life of the radioconjugates. A number of diagnostic radionuclides ((99m)Tc, (111)In, (67)Ga, (155)Tb, (125)I) emitting γ-radiation were employed for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and, β(+)-emitting radionuclides ((68)Ga, 44Sc, (152)Tb, (18)F) were used for positron emission tomography (PET). Moreover, therapeutic radionuclides emitting β(-)-particles ((177)Lu, (161)Tb, (47)Sc, (131)I) and α-particles ((149)Tb) were also used with folate conjugates. The present review focuses on the development of radiofolates and their in vivo properties and on strategies which were employed to modify their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH‑PSI‑USZ Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen‑PSI, Switzerland -
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