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Seignette K, Jamann N, Papale P, Terra H, Porneso RO, de Kraker L, van der Togt C, van der Aa M, Neering P, Ruimschotel E, Roelfsema PR, Montijn JS, Self MW, Kole MHP, Levelt CN. Experience shapes chandelier cell function and structure in the visual cortex. eLife 2024; 12:RP91153. [PMID: 38192196 PMCID: PMC10963032 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Detailed characterization of interneuron types in primary visual cortex (V1) has greatly contributed to understanding visual perception, yet the role of chandelier cells (ChCs) in visual processing remains poorly characterized. Using viral tracing we found that V1 ChCs predominantly receive monosynaptic input from local layer 5 pyramidal cells and higher-order cortical regions. Two-photon calcium imaging and convolutional neural network modeling revealed that ChCs are visually responsive but weakly selective for stimulus content. In mice running in a virtual tunnel, ChCs respond strongly to events known to elicit arousal, including locomotion and visuomotor mismatch. Repeated exposure of the mice to the virtual tunnel was accompanied by reduced visual responses of ChCs and structural plasticity of ChC boutons and axon initial segment length. Finally, ChCs only weakly inhibited pyramidal cells. These findings suggest that ChCs provide an arousal-related signal to layer 2/3 pyramidal cells that may modulate their activity and/or gate plasticity of their axon initial segments during behaviorally relevant events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Seignette
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Nora Jamann
- Department of Axonal Signaling, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Biology Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Paolo Papale
- Department of Vision & Cognition, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Huub Terra
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Ralph O Porneso
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Leander de Kraker
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Chris van der Togt
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Vision & Cognition, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Maaike van der Aa
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Paul Neering
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Vision & Cognition, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Emma Ruimschotel
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Pieter R Roelfsema
- Department of Vision & Cognition, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Laboratory of Visual Brain Therapy, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de la VisionParisFrance
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU UniversityAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Jorrit S Montijn
- Department of Cortical Structure & Function, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Matthew W Self
- Department of Vision & Cognition, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Maarten HP Kole
- Department of Axonal Signaling, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Biology Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Christiaan N Levelt
- Department of Molecular Visual Plasticity, Netherlands Institute for NeuroscienceAmsterdamNetherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
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de Kraker L, Seignette K, Thamizharasu P, van den Boom BJ, Ferreira Pica I, Willuhn I, Levelt CN, Togt CVD. SpecSeg is a versatile toolbox that segments neurons and neurites in chronic calcium imaging datasets based on low-frequency cross-spectral power. Cell Rep Methods 2022; 2:100299. [PMID: 36313805 PMCID: PMC9606108 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Imaging calcium signals in neurons of animals using single- or multi-photon microscopy facilitates the study of coding in large neural populations. Such experiments produce massive datasets requiring powerful methods to extract responses from hundreds of neurons. We present SpecSeg, an open-source toolbox for (1) segmentation of regions of interest (ROIs) representing neuronal structures, (2) inspection and manual editing of ROIs, (3) neuropil correction and signal extraction, and (4) matching of ROIs in sequential recordings. ROI segmentation in SpecSeg is based on temporal cross-correlations of low-frequency components derived by Fourier analysis of each pixel with its neighbors. The approach is user-friendly, intuitive, and insightful and enables ROI detection around neurons or neurites. It works for single- (miniscope) and multi-photon microscopy data, eliminating the need for separate toolboxes. SpecSeg thus provides an efficient and versatile approach for analyzing calcium responses in neuronal structures imaged over prolonged periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander de Kraker
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Molecular Visual Plasticity Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Seignette
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Molecular Visual Plasticity Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Premnath Thamizharasu
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Molecular Visual Plasticity Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bastijn J.G. van den Boom
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Behavior Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ildefonso Ferreira Pica
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Molecular Visual Plasticity Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingo Willuhn
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Neuromodulation and Behavior Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christiaan N. Levelt
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Molecular Visual Plasticity Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chris van der Togt
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Molecular Visual Plasticity Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Montijn JS, Seignette K, Howlett MH, Cazemier JL, Kamermans M, Levelt CN, Heimel JA. A parameter-free statistical test for neuronal responsiveness. eLife 2021; 10:71969. [PMID: 34570697 PMCID: PMC8626082 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurophysiological studies depend on a reliable quantification of whether and when a neuron responds to stimulation. Simple methods to determine responsiveness require arbitrary parameter choices, such as binning size, while more advanced model-based methods require fitting and hyperparameter tuning. These parameter choices can change the results, which invites bad statistical practice and reduces the replicability. New recording techniques that yield increasingly large numbers of cells would benefit from a test for cell-inclusion that requires no manual curation. Here, we present the parameter-free ZETA-test, which outperforms t-tests, ANOVAs, and renewal-process-based methods by including more cells at a similar false-positive rate. We show that our procedure works across brain regions and recording techniques, including calcium imaging and Neuropixels data. Furthermore, in illustration of the method, we show in mouse visual cortex that (1) visuomotor-mismatch and spatial location are encoded by different neuronal subpopulations and (2) optogenetic stimulation of VIP cells leads to early inhibition and subsequent disinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorrit Steven Montijn
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Dutch Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen Seignette
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Dutch Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marcus H Howlett
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Dutch Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Leonie Cazemier
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Dutch Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maarten Kamermans
- Retinal Signal Processing, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - J Alexander Heimel
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Dutch Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Sommeijer JP, Ahmadlou M, Saiepour MH, Seignette K, Min R, Heimel JA, Levelt CN. Thalamic inhibition regulates critical-period plasticity in visual cortex and thalamus. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1715-1721. [DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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