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Majhi D, Das T, Padhy D, Marmamula S, Khanna RC, Ota AB, Rout PP, Avhad K, Rath S. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in Dongaria indigenous (tribal) community. Tribal Odisha eye disease study # 12. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:2850-2855. [PMID: 37417133 PMCID: PMC10491089 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2788_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To document the spectrum and magnitude of eye disorders and visual impairment in the Dongaria-a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group in the Rayagada district of Odisha, India. Methods A door-to-door screening protocol included a record of basic health parameters, visual acuity for distance, and near and flashlight examination of the eyes. Spectacles were dispensed to those who improved; those who failed the screening were referred to fixed (primary and secondary) eye care centers. Results We examined 89% (n = 9872/11,085) of people who consented for screening. The mean age was 25.5 ± 18.8 years; 55% (n = 5391) were female; 13.8% (n = 1361) were under-five children, and 39% (n = 3884) were 6 to 16 years. 86% (n = 8515) were illiterate. 12.4% (n = 1224) were visually impaired, of which 9.9% had early moderate VI, and 2.5% had severe VI and blindness. Uncorrected refractive error was detected in 7.5% (n = 744) and cataracts in 7.6% (n = 754); among the adults, 41.5% (n = 924/2227) had presbyopia. In children, 20% (n = 790) had vitamin A deficiency, 17% (n = 234) had global acute malnutrition, and 18% (n = 244) were stunted for their age. Almost two-thirds (62%, n = 6144) confirmed habitual intake of alcohol, and 4% (n = 389) of adults had essential hypertension. Following the screening, 43.5% (n = 837) of referred patients reported to the fixed centers, and 55% (134/243) of people advised underwent cataract surgery. Spectacles were dispensed to 1496 individuals. Conclusion Visual impairment and malnutrition are high in Dongaria indigenous community. Permanent health facilities and advocacy would improve this community's health and health-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Majhi
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural EyeHealth, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, and Neuro-Ophthalmology, Child Sight Institute, Miriam Hyman Children's Eye Care Centre, MithuTulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural EyeHealth, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Disease, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Debananda Padhy
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural EyeHealth, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Srinivas Marmamula
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rohit C Khanna
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Akhila Bihari Ota
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, Government of Odisha, India
| | - Prachi Parimita Rout
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, Government of Odisha, India
| | - Komal Avhad
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural EyeHealth, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suryasnata Rath
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural EyeHealth, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Ophthalmic Plastics, Orbit, and Ocular Oncology Services, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
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Chavan A, Gogate P, Wagh S, Telap S, Phadke S, Chandore S, Avhad K, Gogate S, Naidu P. Need of optical aids for schools for blind students in Pune and Nasik districts and compliance of their use. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:2100-2104. [PMID: 37203089 PMCID: PMC10391493 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1733_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the need for spectacles and low-vision aids (LVA) in students attending schools for the blind and study their compliance with use. Methods Comprehensive ocular evaluation was performed using a hand-held slit lamp and ophthalmoscope. Vision acuity was measured using a logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) chart for distance, as well as for near. Spectacles and LVAs were dispensed after refraction and LVA trial. Follow-up was performed to assess the vision using the LV Prasad Functional Vision Questionnaire (LVP-FVQ) along with compliance with use after 6 months. Results Of the 456 students examined from six schools, 188 (41.2%) were female; 147 (32.2%) were <10 years of age. In all, 362 (79.4%) were blind since birth. The students dispensed only LVAs were 25 (5.5%), only spectacles were 55 (12.1%), and both spectacle and LVAs were 10 (2.2%). The vision improved using LVAs in 26 (5.7%) and using spectacles in 64 (9.6%). There was a significant improvement in LVP-FVQ scores (P < 0.001). Also, 68/90 students were available for follow-up, of whom 43 (63.2%) were compliant to use. Causes of not wearing spectacles or LVA in 25 were left somewhere or lost 13 (52%), broken 3 (12%), uncomfortable to use 6 (24%), not interested to use 2 (8%), and got operated 1 (4%). Conclusion Although the dispensing of LVA and spectacles improved the visual acuity and vision function of 90/456 (19.7%) students, nearly a third were not using them after 6 months. Efforts need to be taken to improve the compliance of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Chavan
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune; School of Optometry, Institute for Technology and Management, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Parikshit Gogate
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune; Department of Ophthalmology, D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India; School of Health Sciences, Queens University, Belfast, UK
| | - Shailesh Wagh
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sharad Telap
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic; Bharti Vidyapeeth Medical College, School of Optometry, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supriya Phadke
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sonali Chandore
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic; Maharashtra Education Society's College of Optometry (Affiliated to YCMOU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Komal Avhad
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic; D.Y. Patil University, School of Optometry, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddharth Gogate
- Community Eye Care Foundation, Dr.Gogate's Eye Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purshottam Naidu
- School of Optometry, Institute for Technology and Management, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Padhy D, Das T, Majhi D, Khanna RC, Avhad K, Ota AB, Rout PP, Rath S. Prevalence of refractive error among Dongarias and use of Folding Phoropter (FoFo) as a field device enabling implementation research in this indigenous community. Tribal Odisha Eye Disease Study (TOES) Report # 13. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284790. [PMID: 37167346 PMCID: PMC10174504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prevalence of uncorrected refractive error (URE) among Dongarias-a particularly vulnerable tribal group in Rayagada, Odisha, India and evaluate if folding phoropter (FoFo) can help achieve on-site correction of URE. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. FoFo was used for people with URE. Spherical equivalent (SE) spectacles based on the FoFo refraction were dispensed when distance visual acuity improved to > 6/12. Others were referred to fixed eye centres. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the relationship of URE with sociodemographic characters and factors predicting acceptance of FoFo. RESULTS In the study, 7.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]:7-8) people had URE, and included 4% with severe vision impairment and 36% with moderate visual impairment. URE was less common in children. Simple hyperopia was more common in females (25.3% vs 19.3%); compound myopic astigmatism was more common in males (27.4% vs 20.2%). People older than 50 years (p <0.0001) and females (p <0.0001) were more likely to have URE. Ninety-four people accepted FoFo on-site refraction and received SE spectacles; the acceptance was better in the younger (15-29 years old) and literate people (p <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS URE was the second most common cause of visual impairment in older adults and was higher in females. Within its technological limit, FoFo could be used in the field for correcting URE and obviating the need for travel, thus bridging the know-do gap for the marginalised Dongaria community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debananda Padhy
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural Eye Health, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eyecare, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural Eye Health, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Disease, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Debasmita Majhi
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural Eye Health, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, and Neuro-Ophthalmology, Child Sight Institute, Miriam Hyman Children's Eye Care Centre, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rohit C Khanna
- Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Komal Avhad
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural Eye Health, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Akhila Bihari Ota
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prachi Parimita Rout
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Suryasnata Rath
- Indian Oil Centre for Rural Eye Health, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
- Ophthalmic Plastics, Orbit, and Ocular Oncology Services, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
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