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Pulse Energy and Pulse Duration Effects in the Ionization and Fragmentation of Iodomethane by Ultraintense Hard X Rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:093202. [PMID: 34506178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.093202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of intense femtosecond x-ray pulses with molecules sensitively depends on the interplay between multiple photoabsorptions, Auger decay, charge rearrangement, and nuclear motion. Here, we report on a combined experimental and theoretical study of the ionization and fragmentation of iodomethane (CH_{3}I) by ultraintense (∼10^{19} W/cm^{2}) x-ray pulses at 8.3 keV, demonstrating how these dynamics depend on the x-ray pulse energy and duration. We show that the timing of multiple ionization steps leading to a particular reaction product and, thus, the product's final kinetic energy, is determined by the pulse duration rather than the pulse energy or intensity. While the overall degree of ionization is mainly defined by the pulse energy, our measurement reveals that the yield of the fragments with the highest charge states is enhanced for short pulse durations, in contrast to earlier observations for atoms and small molecules in the soft x-ray domain. We attribute this effect to a decreased charge transfer efficiency at larger internuclear separations, which are reached during longer pulses.
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Does the selection of sedative in transcatheter aortic valve implantation influence the extent of hypercapnia leading to elevated pulmonary artery pressure? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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xcalib: a focal spot calibrator for intense X-ray free-electron laser pulses based on the charge state distributions of light atoms. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1017-1030. [PMID: 31274423 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519003564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The xcalib toolkit has been developed to calibrate the beam profile of an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) at the focal spot based on the experimental charge state distributions (CSDs) of light atoms. Characterization of the fluence distribution at the focal spot is essential to perform the volume integrations of physical quantities for a quantitative comparison between theoretical and experimental results, especially for fluence-dependent quantities. The use of the CSDs of light atoms is advantageous because CSDs directly reflect experimental conditions at the focal spot, and the properties of light atoms have been well established in both theory and experiment. Theoretical CSDs are obtained using xatom, a toolkit to calculate atomic electronic structure and to simulate ionization dynamics of atoms exposed to intense XFEL pulses, which involves highly excited multiple core-hole states. Employing a simple function with a few parameters, the spatial profile of an XFEL beam is determined by minimizing the difference between theoretical and experimental results. The optimization procedure employing the reinforcement learning technique can automatize and organize calibration procedures which, before, had been performed manually. xcalib has high flexibility, simultaneously combining different optimization methods, sets of charge states, and a wide range of parameter space. Hence, in combination with xatom, xcalib serves as a comprehensive tool to calibrate the fluence profile of a tightly focused XFEL beam in the interaction region.
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Molecular ionization enhancement by charge rearrangement at high X-ray intensity. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920506009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We simulated the multi-photon multi-ionization dynamics of an iodomethane molecule, CH3I, exposed to ultraintense and ultrashort x-ray pulses. The strong ionization causes electronic charge rearrangement in the molecule that leads to an enhanced total charge.
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Relativistic and resonant effects in the ionization of heavy atoms by ultra-intense hard X-rays. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4200. [PMID: 30305630 PMCID: PMC6180123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An accurate description of the interaction of intense hard X-ray pulses with heavy atoms, which is crucial for many applications of free-electron lasers, represents a hitherto unresolved challenge for theory because of the enormous number of electronic configurations and relativistic effects, which need to be taken into account. Here we report results on multiple ionization of xenon atoms by ultra-intense (about 1019 W/cm2) femtosecond X-ray pulses at photon energies from 5.5 to 8.3 keV and present a theoretical model capable of reproducing the experimental data in the entire energy range. Our analysis shows that the interplay of resonant and relativistic effects results in strongly structured charge state distributions, which reflect resonant positions of relativistically shifted electronic levels of highly charged ions created during the X-ray pulse. The theoretical approach described here provides a basis for accurate modeling of radiation damage in hard X-ray imaging experiments on targets with high-Z constituents.
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Constraint-induced aphasia therapy for post-stroke patients in Japan. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Poster Session 3The imaging examination and quality assessmentP626Value of mitral and tricuspid annular displacement to assess the interventricular systolic relationship in severe aortic valve stenosis : a Pilot studyP627Follow-up echocardiography in asymptomatic valve disease: assessing the potential economic impact of the European and American guidelines in a dedicated valve clinic, compared to standard care.P628The tricuspid valve: identification of optimal view for assessing for prolapseP629Right atrial volume by two-dimensional echocardiography in healthy subjectsP630Disturbance of inter and intra atrial conduction assessed by tissue doppler imaging in patients with medicaly controlled hypertension and prehypertension.P631Liver stiffness by shear wave elastography, new noninvasive and quantitative tool for acute variation estimation of central venous pressure in real-time?P632Weak atrial kick contribution is associated with a risk for heart failure decompensationP633Usefulness of wave intensity analysis in predicting the response to cardiac resynchronization therapyP634Early subclinical left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction in gestational hypertension and preeclampsiaP635Clinical comparison of three different echocardiographic methods for left ventricular ejection fraction and LV end diastolic volume measurementP636Assessment of right ventricular-arterial coupling parameters by 3D echocardiography in patients with pulmonary hypertension receiving specific vasodilator therapyP637Prediction of right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device implant: assessing usefulness of standard and strain echocardiographyP638Kinematic analysis of diastolic function using the novel freely available software Echo E-waves - feasibility and reproducibilityP639Evaluation of coronary flow velocity by Doppler echocardiography in the treatment of hypertension with the ARB: correlation to the histological cardiac fibrosisP640The clinical significance of limited apical ischaemia and the prognostic value of stress echocardiography - A contemporary study from a high volume centerP641Effects of intermediate stenosis of left anterior descending coronary artery on survival in patients with chronic total occlusion of right coronary arteryP642Left ventricular remodeling after a first myocardial infarction in patients with preserved ejection fraction at dischargeP643Left atrial size and acute coronary syndromes. Let is make simple.P644Influence of STEMI reperfusion strategy on systolic and diastolic functionP645Aortic valve resistance risk-stratifies low-gradient severe aortic stenosisP646Does permanent pacemaker implantation complicate the prognosis of patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation?P647Influence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes on progression of calcific aortic valve stenosis - The COFRASA - GENERAC StudyP648Low referral for aortic valve replacement accounts for worse long-term outcome in low versus high gradient severe aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fractionP649The impact of right ventricular function from aortic valve replacement: A randomised study comparing minimally invasive aortic valve surgery and conventional open heart surgery. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jew250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P-053 Updated analysis of induction & maintenance adjuvant chemotherapy with 3-month oxaliplatin-based regimen followed by 3 months capecitabine in patients with stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer :(JSWOG C2). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw199.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P-246 Feasibility study of sequential adjuvant chemotherapy with three months oxaliplatin-based regimen followed by three months capecitabine in patients with stage III and high risk stage II colorectal cancer: (JSWOG C2). Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv233.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Treatment with lactose (galactose)-restricted and medium-chain triglyceride-supplemented formula for neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency. JIMD Rep 2011; 2:37-44. [PMID: 23430852 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2011_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrin plays a role in the transfer of NADH-reducing equivalent from cytosol to mitochondria as part of the malate-aspartate shuttle in liver. Citrin deficiency may cause an impairment of glycolysis due to an increase in the cytosolic NADH/NAD ratio leading to an energy shortage in the liver. Mutations of the SLC25A13 gene are responsible for neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis (NICCD) and adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2). Most patients with NICCD show a resolution of symptoms within the first year of life, but some patients present with severe symptoms and require liver transplantation. We treated four patients including three siblings with NICCD by lactose (galactose)-restricted and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT)-supplemented formula. This formula rapidly improved the clinical condition and laboratory findings. Early treatment was more effective and did not require long-term administration. Lactose (galactose)-restriction can avoid further increase in the cytosolic NADH/NAD ratio in the liver and MCT supplementation can provide energy to hepatic cells by producing an excess of acetyl-CoA in mitochondria. Early treatment with lactose (galactose)-restricted and MCT-supplemented formula is recommended for patients with NICCD and possibly for patients with CTLN2.
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Slow electrons generated by intense high-frequency laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:153003. [PMID: 19905633 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.153003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A very slow electron is shown to emerge when an intense high-frequency laser pulse is applied to a hydrogen negative ion. This counterintuitive effect cannot be accounted for by multiphoton or tunneling ionization mechanisms. We explore the effect and show that in the high-frequency regime the atomic electron is promoted to the continuum via a nonadiabatic transition caused by slow deformation of the dressed potential that follows a variation of the envelope of the laser pulse. This is a general mechanism, and a slow electron peak should always appear in the photoelectron spectrum when an atom is irradiated by a high-frequency pulse of finite length.
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A three-dimensional model study on the production of BrO and Arctic boundary layer ozone depletion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Crystal structure analysis of inclusion crystals with tetrapodal host molecules. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730808762x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Tight regulation of transgene expression by tetracycline-dependent activator and repressor in brain. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2006; 5:96-106. [PMID: 16436193 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2005.00139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Methods to temporally and spatially regulate gene mutations will provide a powerful strategy to investigate gene function in the brain. To develop these methods, we have established a tightly regulated system for transgene expression in the forebrain using both a tetracycline (Tc)-dependent transcription activator (rtTA) and a repressor (TetR-Kruppel-associated box). In this system, the repressor binds to the Tc-responsive element (TRE) in the absence of doxycycline (Dox), leading to the repression of leaky activation of TRE-mediated transcription caused by weak binding of rtTA to TRE. Upon Dox administration, only the activator binds to TRE and activates transcription. We tested this system in cultured cells by bicistronically expressing both the regulators using an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). In COS-1, HeLa and SHSY5Y cells, leaky transcription activation led by rtTA in the absence of Dox was repressed without decreasing the level of activated transcription in the presence of Dox. Using this system, transgenic mice were produced that express both the regulators using IRES in the forebrain under the control of the alphaCaMKII promoter and were bred with transgenic mice carrying the TRE-dependent reporter transgene. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analyses of the forebrain in adult double transgenic mice, the treatment of Dox induces reporter mRNA expression, which was not detected before the treatment and after the withdraw of Dox following the treatment. These results indicate that this system allows the tight regulation of transgene expression in a Dox-dependent fashion in the forebrain and will be useful in investigating gene function in the brain.
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Preoperative airway evaluation using multi-slice three-dimensional computed tomography for a patient with severe tracheal stenosis †. Br J Anaesth 2004; 93:865-7. [PMID: 15465839 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeh283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A 71-yr-old female with a malignant thyroid tumour was to undergo thyroidectomy under general anaesthesia. Preoperative chest x-ray and plain computed tomography (CT) showed severe tracheal stenosis. Three-dimensional figures of the trachea and a virtual bronchoscopic movie were obtained from multi-slice CT to evaluate the stenotic region and to simulate fibroscopic tracheal intubation, respectively. After induction of general anaesthesia with propofol, a tracheal tube was successfully passed through the stenotic region under the guide of a fibroscope as simulated in the virtual movie. We conclude that multi-slice CT is useful for preoperative airway evaluation for patients with stenosis and distortion of the trachea.
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The effect of pre-operative administration of midazolam on the development of intra-operative hypothermia. Anaesthesia 2004; 59:116-21. [PMID: 14725512 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(Midazolam is often used for premedication; it is known to promote vasodilation and may therefore affect redistribution of heat during surgery. We examined the effect of pre-operative administration of midazolam on the development of intra-operative hypothermia. Forty-five patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups to receive no premedication (Group C), IM midazolam 0.04 mg.kg(-1) (Group M1) or 0.08 mg.kg(-1) (Group M2) 30 min prior to anaesthesia. Sedation levels were assessed, and then general anaesthesia was induced and maintained using propofol and fentanyl. During surgery, core temperature, which was similar for the three groups prior to induction of anaesthesia, decreased significantly less in the midazolam groups M1 and M2 compared to the control group C. Patients who were more heavily sedated prior to induction of anaesthesia, had significantly lower core temperatures peri-operatively than those who were less sedated, and core temperatures in unpremedicated patients fell to significantly lower levels during surgery than those who were drowsy. We conclude that pre-operative administration of midazolam produces an effect on the development of peri-operative hypothermia. We found that moderate pre-operative sedation reduces the peri-operative heat loss, possibly by affecting core-to-peripheral heat distribution.
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Recurrent neurological symptoms in a patient following repeat combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 2002; 88:141-3. [PMID: 11881871 DOI: 10.1093/bja/88.1.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy woman developed neurological symptoms after two consecutive Caesarean sections under combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia. Amethocaine was used for spinal anaesthesia and mepivacaine for epidural anaesthesia on both occasions, and a combination of fentanyl and bupivacaine was continuously infused for pain relief after the second. Her symptoms on both occasions were similar, including pain in the buttocks of 7-11 days duration and numbness in the sacral area of 5-6 months.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Perioperative hypothermia results largely from core-to-peripheral heat redistribution. Droperidol, which is often used for premedication, promotes vasodilation, and thus may affect redistribution of heat. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that preanesthetic droperidol would affect perioperative hypothermia. METHODS Twenty-three ASA physical status I patients scheduled for arthroscopic ligament reconstruction were randomly assigned to two groups to receive no premedication or im droperidol 0.1 mg x kg(-1) 30 min before anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and fentanyl. We monitored core (tympanic) and peripheral (palm) temperatures, and skin (fingertip) blood flow for two hours after the induction of anesthesia during surgery. RESULTS Before the induction of anesthesia, patients given droperidol were more deeply sedated than those given no premedication. Core temperature, which was similar in both groups before induction, decreased significantly more in the control than in the droperidol patients (0.75 +/- 0.34 degrees C and 0.37 +/- 0.20 degrees C, respectively, at 75 min after induction; P <0.01). Preinduction peripheral temperature and skin blood flow were lower in the control group than in the droperidol group, but the two variables became similar in both groups after induction. CONCLUSION The results of the present study confirm our hypothesis that premedication with droperidol affects perioperative hypothermia. Droperidol may prevent core-to-peripheral heat redistribution after the induction of anesthesia.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED To examine whether adolescents and adults might develop different anesthetic distribution and hemodynamic consequences after spinal injection of 0.5% tetracaine in 7.5% or 0.75% glucose, we studied 100 ASA I or II patients who were scheduled for elective surgery to the lower limb and fulfilled the following criteria: age between 13 and 16 yr (Adolescent group, n = 40) or between 25 and 74 yr (Adult group, n = 60); height between 155 and 180 cm; and body mass index between 18 and 32 kg/m(2). Patients in each group were then randomly divided into two equal subgroups to receive spinal anesthesia with 0.5% tetracaine in either 7.5% or 0.75% glucose with 0.125% phenylephrine at the L3-4 interspace. With patients in the supine horizontal position, neural block was assessed by cold, pinprick, and touch sensation and a modified Bromage scale after the injection of the study drug. The 7.5% glucose solution produced a significantly higher and faster spread of blockade in adolescents than in adults. In contrast, there were no differences in the levels of three sensory modalities between the two age groups after the 0.75% glucose solution, which produced a lower spread of blockade than the 7.5% glucose solution in either age group. Adolescents given the 0.75% glucose solution developed a smaller maximum decrease in systolic pressure than those given the heavier solution. We conclude that adolescents may develop an extensive level of blockade more easily and quickly than adults after intrathecal hyperbaric tetracaine, but that the difference may be reduced by using a less heavy solution. IMPLICATIONS The influence of age on the characteristics of spinal anesthesia is still controversial. Our results show that adolescents develop blockade more extensively and quickly than adults after spinal anesthesia with 0.5%tetracaine in 7.5% glucose but not after the 0.75% glucose solution.
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Tracking of individual nanocrystals using diffracted x rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 2000; 62:3843-7. [PMID: 11088902 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.3843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/1999] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated dynamical observation of an individual nanocrystal in supercooled liquid water with the guidance of x-ray diffracted spots from the nanocrystal itself. This new system, which we call diffracted x-ray tracking, monitored small Brownian motions (D=0.68 mrad(2)/s at 233 K) of a single nanoparticle in real time and real space.
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Structure-activity relationships of (1'S)-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate, a major constituent of a southeast Asian condiment plant Languas galanga, on the inhibition of tumor-promoter-induced Epstein-Barr virus activation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:1518-1523. [PMID: 10820053 DOI: 10.1021/jf990528r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The structure-activity relationships of (1'S)-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), a cancer chemopreventive agent of food origin, were investigated in an inhibitory test of tumor promoter teleocidin B-4-induced Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activation in Raji cells. Through a test of 16 derivatives, the structural factors regulating activity were found to be as follows: (1) the absolute configuration at the 1'-position does not affect activity; (2) hydrogenation of the terminal methylene group abolishes activity; (3) both the phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyl groups are compulsorily acetylated, and it is necessary that the former is oriented only at the position para to the side chain; (4) an additional acetoxyl group is allowed to locate at the ortho or meta position; and (5) substitution of the hydrogen atom at the 1'-position by a methyl group reduces activity. Upon esterase blockade in Raji cells, (1'R,S)-ACA suppressed EBV activation, the extent of which was the same as tested in the control, suggesting that ACA bearing two acetoxyl groups is an intracellular structure prerequisite for activity exhibition. The present study suggests that nucleophilic attack to the 3'-position is important and involved in the interaction of ACA with an unidentified target molecule(s) participating in the process of EBV activation.
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[Epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia using the cuffed oropharyngeal airway for an obese patient with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy]. MASUI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 1999; 48:1343-6. [PMID: 10658417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is a genetic disorder whose features include abnormal responses to muscular relaxants and possible respiratory dysfunction after general anesthesia. The purpose of this report is to describe one management strategy used successfully to anesthetize an obese man with this disorder for atypical mastectomy. The anesthetic management during surgery involves epidural anesthesia using 2% mepivacaine and general anesthesia using the cuffed oropharyngeal airway. Postoperatively 0.25% bupivacaine was infused for epidural analgesia. The patient was observed in the intensive care unit until the first postoperative day and showed an uncomplicated intra- and post-operative course.
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Effects of bacterial colonization of tomato roots on subsequent colonization by Pseudomonas fluorescens MelRC2Rif. Can J Microbiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1139/w98-047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of root colonization by soil microbes on the subsequent colonization by a bacterial inoculant, Pseudomonas fluorescens MelRC2Rif. When a soil bacterial community was introduced onto tomato roots, subsequent colonization by MelRC2Rif was significantly lowered. However, soil fungi had no suppressive effects, suggesting that bacteria may be involved in the suppression. When individual bacterial strains were examined, most strains except for P. fluorescens showed no significant suppressive effect on subsequent colonization by MelRC2Rif. In contrast, four out of six P. fluorescens strains significantly suppressed subsequent colonization by MelRC2Rif. Gram-negative bacteria, which had little suppressive effect on colonization by MelRC2Rif with individual inoculation, elicited suppression in some combination treatments. Simultaneous inoculation of individual bacterial strains with MelRC2Rif indicated that suppressive effect by these strains occurred only when MelRC2Rif was inoculated later to tomato roots. These results suggest that a less competitive bacterial strain may interfere with the colonization of a competitive strain on tomato rhizospheres. Key words: ecological niche, bacterial colonization, rhizosphere, competition.
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Studies of postoperative transarterial infusion chemotherapy for liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma after hepatectomy. HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGY 1998; 45:805-11. [PMID: 9684138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative transarterial infusion chemotherapy (PTIC) for the prevention of metastatic liver cancer recurrence after hepatectomy following curative surgery for colorectal carcinoma. METHODOLOGY Thirty-eight patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for metastatic liver cancer from colorectal carcinoma were studied. Ten out of the 38 patients received PTIC (experimental group) and 28 patients did not receive chemotherapy (control group). PTIC was performed with an intrahepatic indwelling catheter, which was set-up for 3 weeks and repeated 3 times in two monthly intervals. RESULTS In the control group, no significant differences were observed in the survival between patients with a single hepatic nodule and those with multiple hepatic nodules. Between patients with hepatic tumors of more than 3 cm in diameter and those with tumors less than 3 cm, and between patients with tumors located at H1 and H2, no significant differences were seen, either. However, the 5-year survival rate of the patients with metachronous liver metastases was 90% which was significantly better than for those patients with synchronous liver tumors (p < 0.05). The 100% of 3- and 100% of 4-year survival rates of the experimental group were significantly better than the 60% and 47% respectively of the control group (p < 0.05). The non-recurrence rate in the remnant liver was also significantly better in the experimental group than that in the control group (p < 0.01). The adverse effect of this protocol was negligible. CONCLUSION We conclude that PTIC improved the survival and non-recurrence rate in the remnant liver of the patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer after hepatectomy, and was considered to be safe and an important protective factor for the prevention of recurrence of liver metastases after hepatectomy.
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Motility of the canine pyloric ring following a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. J Smooth Muscle Res 1998; 34:35-43. [PMID: 9868700 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.34.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, function-preserving operations have become popular, and pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) is frequently performed for diseases of the head of the pancreas. However, there are only a few basic studies on the pyloric function after PPPD. Using strain gauge force transducers (SGTs), we studied the pyloric motility of normal and PPPD dogs. We prepared three normal and three PPPD dogs in which the SGTs were implanted onto the antrum and pyloric ring, etc. In conscious dogs, the spontaneous gastrointestinal motility was recorded, and the plasma motilin concentration was measured during the interdigestive state. Following the administration of exogenous Leu13-motilin, the motility was again recorded. The relaxation and opening of the pyloric ring was observed synchronously with intense contractions of the antrum during the phase III of normal dogs. Phase III-like motility was recorded in the PPPD dogs, which was not a typical periodic motility. The plasma motilin concentration of one PPPD dog could be measured, and the motilin levels during the phase III-like motility were higher than during phase I. The phase III-like motility was induced by Leu13-motilin in both normal and PPPD dogs. The phase III-like motility recorded in the PPPD dogs was not a typical periodic one, and this aberrant motility was considered to be one of the causes of delayed gastric emptying. Phase III-like motility was induced by the administration of Leu13-motilin; therefore, it is possible that Leu13-motilin improved the motility of the pyloric ring after PPPD.
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Pyloric opening and closure evaluated by means of strain gauge force transducers. J Smooth Muscle Res 1998; 34:13-22. [PMID: 9866113 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.34.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, gastrointestinal motility research and various studies to measure motility have been conducted. However, it is not easy to measure the pyloric sphincter motility, especially its open and closed motility. There are few reports on the opening and closed motility of the pyloric ring. In this study, I examined the pyloric motility with strain gauge force transducers (SGTs). SGTs were implanted onto the antrum, pyloric ring and duodenum of a dog. In order to clarify the relationship between the opening and closed motility of the pylorus and SGTs recordings, the pyloric ring was observed with a gastrofiberscope while measurements were taken using the SGTs in anesthetized dogs. In addition, the pyloric ring was extended mechanically with a balloon and measurement were taken using the SGTs. In conscious dogs, the natural gastropyloroduodenal motility was recorded. Then, cisapride, erythromycin, and Leu13-motilin were administered in the interdigestive state and the motility was recorded. The pyloric opening and closed motility could be monitored using SGTs. The pyloric ring opened when the pyloric motility recorded using the SGTs showed a negative deflection. In addition, in phase III, when intense contraction of the antrum was observed, relaxation and opening of the pyloric ring could be observed. Erythromycin and Leu13-motilin induced phase III-like motility and relaxation of the pyloric ring. However, in cisapride-induced motility, relaxation of the pyloric ring was not observed. The pyloric ring opening and closed motility can be monitored using SGTs and this method is effective for the evaluation of the pyloric function.
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Effects of bacterial colonization of tomato roots on subsequent colonization by <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens </i>MelRC2Rif. Can J Microbiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-44-7-630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the ileum with the appearance of a Borrmann type II lesion, caused by colostomy irrigation: report of a case. Surg Today 1997; 27:1061-3. [PMID: 9413061 DOI: 10.1007/bf02385789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of IFPs are sessile-pedunculated or pedunculated polypoid lesions, whereas a polyp presenting like a Borrmann type II lesion is extremely unusual. This report describes the case of a 74-year-old man with a history of intussusception, in whom a preoperative diagnosis of a cecal tumor of the ileocecal valve was made. A laparotomy subsequently revealed a lesion similar to a Borrmann type II tumor located 15 cm above the ileocecal valve, but not at the valve. The lesion was diagnosed as an IFP which had been caused by repeated colostomy irrigation. The aim of the present report is to draw attention to this entity, which should be included in the differential diagnosis of intussusception and small bowel obstruction.
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[Effective administration of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to prevent granulocytopenia due to combination chemotherapy for testicular germ cell tumors]. HINYOKIKA KIYO. ACTA UROLOGICA JAPONICA 1996; 42:699-704. [PMID: 8918674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A prospective randomized study on the administration of recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) was conducted on 15 patients with testicular germ cell tumors. The clinical stagings of all patients except one were minimal to moderate extent according to the Indiana University staging system. Combination chemotherapy using bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatinum (BEP) was performed as the initial treatment on the eligible patients. rG-CSF was administered by two different methods; 1) routine administration on the 6th day after BEP chemotherapy (group A), and 2) the same method, but after granulocytopenia of 1,500/mm3 had developed (group B). The administration of rG-CSF in group A significantly reduced the severity of leucocytopenia and also the incidence of stomatitis compared with group B. Although rG-CSF produced no significant side effects, the thrombocytopenia was prominent in the group A patients (not significant). BEP chemotherapy itself is an easily-tolerable and well established method for treating young adult patients. The method used in group B seems to be suitable in situations where thrombocytopenia and cost effectiveness.
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30
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[Tumor size and DNA ploidy changes in renal cell carcinomas--flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in renal cell carcinomas associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1996; 87:754-9. [PMID: 8691697 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.87.754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) develop in 8-63% of von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) patients, and loss of 3p segments, chromosome aberrations found in 90% of sporadic RCCs, has also been observed in RCCs associated with VHL. In fact, comparative analysis showed that the chromosome aberrations in RCCs associated with VHL are similar to those found in sporadic RCCs. VHL patients have the whole spectrum of tumors from small early lesions to large ones in the same kidney, providing a unique opportunity to analyze tumors in different stages of development. Subsequently deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content in RCCs of VHL patients was examined and correlated to their tumor size to gain some insight in the progression of sporadic RCCs. METHODS From 1988 to 1991, we have experienced 6 cases of RCCs associated with VHL who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy. A total number of 52 paraffin-embedded samples from 33 RCCs from 6 patients with VHL was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The sizes of tumors ranged from 0.2 to 8.2 cm. DNA aneuploid patterns demonstrated in none of 9 tumors less than 1.6 cm, 4 of 14 tumors (29%) as large as 1.6 to 2.5 cm, and 5 of 10 tumors (50%) larger than 2.5 cm (p < 0.05). Twelve tumors less than 1.8 cm showed DNA diploid, so the smallest size of aneuploid tumors was 1.8 cm. CONCLUSION These data suggest that DNA ploidy change (diploid to aneuploid) in RCCs probably takes place as tumors grow approximately 1.8 cm in size.
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[Studies on nuclear DNA content in bladder cancers using flow cytometry]. [HOKKAIDO IGAKU ZASSHI] THE HOKKAIDO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 1996; 71:45-53. [PMID: 8727374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the clinical relevance between the DNA ploidy and histopathology, and the incidence of the DNA heterogeneity in patients with bladder cancers. Flow cytometry(FCM) was used to study the DNA ploidy in 63 patients who underwent total cystectomy. The DNA ploidy and DNA index were analyzed by FCM in total 478 paraffin embedded samples (7.6 samples per case on the average). The DNA ploidy of 52 bladder cancers, that had coexisted after total cystectomy, showed that 24 cases, 46% were DNA aneuploid and 18 cases, 35% had DNA heterogeneity. The other 11 cases which were found to be pT0 after cystectomy were all DNA diploid. There were significantly good correlation among DNA ploidy pattern and intravesical involvement (lymph-duct involvement and venous involvement), but were not among the DNA ploidy pattern and tumor grade and stage. With regard to the evaluation of two vertically devided samples of tumors, DNA aneuploid had been not always recognized in the deeper samples, therefore, the author did not determine that there was good correlation between the DNA ploidy and the tumor invasion. In lymph node metastases, the 39 diploid tumors had given rise to lymph node metastases in only 5 cases(13%), whereas 11 cases(46%) of the 24 aneuploid tumors had metastasized(p < 0.01). Eleven of 16 lymph node metastases were DNA diploid and the others were DNA aneuploid. These data suggest that although the incidence of DNA heterogeneity in bladder cancers (35%) is thought to be relatively small, the DNA ploidy will be able to be the important prognosticating factor in bladder cancers.
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Effects of nitric oxide on canine gastrointestinal motility. J Smooth Muscle Res 1995; 31:456-8. [PMID: 8867971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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33
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A study of pyloric function after pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy in the canine model. J Smooth Muscle Res 1995; 31:383-6. [PMID: 8867940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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34
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NP-06: a novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus polypeptide produced by a Streptomyces species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39:2345-7. [PMID: 8619594 PMCID: PMC162941 DOI: 10.1128/aac.39.10.2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
From an extract of a Streptomyces culture, we identified and purified a novel compound, NP-06, which is active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. Analyses indicate that NP-06 is a hydrophobic 21-mer oligopeptide, N terminally cyclized through the side chain of Asp-9, containing two intramolecular cystine linkages with a molecular weight of 2,163.4. The 50% inhibitory concentrations were 2.8 and 1.3 microM when NP-06 was tested for in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity in ATH8 cells and phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, respectively, NP-06 appears to block the early stage of HIV-1 infection, most likely at the stage of virus-cell fusion.
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35
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[Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content of urinary bladder cancers--study on primary tumors and metastasized lymph nodes]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 86:1435-9. [PMID: 7474632 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.86.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to evaluate DNA ploidy patterns and metastatic patterns between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes in bladder tumor patients with lymph node metastases. METHODS Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study the DNA ploidy. The DNA ploidy patterns in 16 lymph node metastases in relation to the degree of ploidy in the primary bladder tumor were evaluated in 63 patients who underwent total cystectomy. RESULTS The primary tumor that had metastasized was G3 tumor in grade and over pT2 in stage in many cases. Thirty-nine diploid tumors had given raise to lymph node metastases in only 5 cases (13%), whereas 11 cases (46%) of aneuploid tumors had metastasized (p < 0.01). With regard to ploidy patterns between primary tumors and the corresponding lymph node metastases, four patterns were noted, namely D-->D (5 cases), D + A-->D (4), A-->A (5) and A-->D (2) (D: DNA diploid, A: DNA aneuploid). The DNA index between the primary tumors and the corresponding lymph node metastases was the same in all but 2 cases (14/16.88%). In cases with lymph node metastases, the prognosis was very poor whether or not the DNA ploidy of the primary tumors or the metastatic tumors was DNA aneuploid. CONCLUSION These data suggest that a malignant cell on the primary tumor metastasized to the lymph node in many cases.
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36
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[Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of the urinary bladder cancers--study on the DNA heterogeneity in bladder cancers]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 86:1353-9. [PMID: 7474619 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.86.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical relevance between the DNA ploidy and histopathology, and the incidence of the DNA heterogeneity in patients with bladder cancers. METHODS Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study the DNA ploidy in 63 patients who underwent total cystectomy. The DNA ploidy and DNA index were analyzed by FCM in total 328 paraffin embedded samples (5.2 samples per case on the average). RESULTS The DNA ploidy of 52 bladder cancers, that had coexisted after total cystectomy, showed that 24 cases, 46% were DNA aneuploid and 18 cases, 35% had DNA heterogeneity. The DNA ploidy of 11 cases that were eradicated after cystectomy was all DNA diploid. There were significantly good correlation among DNA ploidy pattern and intravesical involvement (lymph duct involvement and venous involvement), but were not among the DNA ploidy pattern and tumor grade and stage. With regard to the evaluation of two vertical divided samples of tumors, DNA aneuploid had been not always recognized in the deeper sample, therefore, we did not determine that there was good correlation between the DNA ploidy and the tumor invasion. CONCLUSION These data suggest that although the incidence of DNA heterogeneity in bladder cancers (35%) is thought to be relatively small, the DNA ploidy will be able to the important prognosticating factor in bladder cancers.
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37
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Autecology of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani in soils suppressive and conducive to Fusarium-wilt of radish. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 1995. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
Tailgut cysts are rare congenital lesions. To date, only four cases have been reported in Japan, and the occurrence of a tailgut cyst with rectal cancer has never been documented. We describe here the case of a patient in whom a tailgut cyst in the retrorectal space was associated with rectal cancer. Preoperative computed tomography scans and endorectal ultrasonography failed to identify the lesion as cystic, instead suggesting an involved lymph node. This case emphasizes the necessity for careful diagnosis of masses in the retrorectal space in patients with rectal cancer.
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A Solid-State Study of a Novel 31P Spin Pair Using Magic-Angle-Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1006/jmra.1993.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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[DNA ploidy of testicular germ cell tumors in childhood; difference from adult testicular tumors]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1993; 84:1655-9. [PMID: 8411821 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.84.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that there are various differences in the biological characteristics and clinical behavior between prepubertal testicular germ cell tumors and adult ones. We analyzed the nuclear DNA ploidy of testicular tumors in childhood using DNA flow cytometry for clarifying those biological features and shedding some insights in the pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of primary tumors taken from 9 boys with histological evidence of yolk sac tumors and 8 with prepubertal teratoma treated in our clinic were used for flow cytometry analysis with some modification of the Hedley's technique. The results were compared with those of adult testicular tumors which we previously reported. All specimens in children showed "DNA euploid"; DNA diploid in all teratomas and 6 yolk sac tumors, DNA tetraploid in other 3 yolk sac tumors. Neither distinct DNA aneuploidy nor DNA heterogeneity were detected in children. Our previous study proved that the vast majority of adult testicular tumors contain DNA aneuploid stemlines. Although prepubertal yolk sac tumor and teratoma are histologically identical with those in adults, this study apparently reveal the different DNA stemline ploidy in prepubertal testicular tumors compared with that in adult ones. It has been known that carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the testis is a precursor of adult testicular germ cell tumors and the CIS cells in precancerous state already shows aneuploid DNA histogram patterns. Moreover, CIS has never been observed in children. The current results are in agreement with the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of prepubertal testicular tumor is different from that of adult ones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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[Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content in the urinary bladder cancers treated by radical cystectomy and pre-operative irradiation]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1992; 83:2050-7. [PMID: 1474714 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.83.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The DNA ploidy of bladder cancers treated by radical cystectomy following pre-operative irradiation was analyzed by flow cytometry using paraffin embedded samples. The DNA ploidy and its changes by irradiation were studied. We used flow cytometry in 30 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder who received pre-operative irradiation (40 Gy in 24 patients, 20 Gy in 5 patients and 60 Gy in one) with follow-up for at least 3 years. Total 140 paraffin embedded samples (4.6 samples per one patient) were available. The effects of therapy were related to the DNA patterns before irradiation and to the DNA ploidy changes after irradiation. 1. Eight DNA diploid tumors and twenty-two DNA aneuploid ones were detected before irradiation. Although diploid group didn't change its DNA ploidy after irradiation, of 22 aneuploid tumors 18 were changed to DNA diploid and 4 were not changed in their ploidy. 2. The tumor eradicating effect of irradiation was shown to be higher (p < 0.05) in the diploid group (5 of 8, 63%) than in the aneuploid group (5 of 22, 23%). 3. Overall survival rates were discussed in 3 groups (A, B and C), the group A was 10 of tumor free and 3 diploid tumors after irradiation, the group B was 13 of aneuploid tumors which changed to diploid ones and the group C was 4 of persistent aneuploid tumors. Each of 5 year survival rate was 100% (A), 58% (B) and 0% (C). Overall survival for C group was significantly shorter than for other groups (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Abstract
Flow cytometric DNA analysis was carried out in 54 patients with testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) experienced at our hospital, to evaluate the clinical relevance of DNA index (DI) and provide some insight into the pathogenesis of testicular GCTs. Histological types with their incidences were seminomas in 31 patients and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs) in 23 adults. DNA ploidy and DI were analyzed by flow cytometry in 158 paraffin embedded samples; 2.9 samples per case on the average. This study revealed that 52 cases (96%) of evaluable 54 adult GCTs were DNA aneuploid, while DNA diploid tumors were observed in only each one case of NSGCT and seminoma. There was a significant difference (p less than 0.01) between the distribution of DIs in adult NSGCTs (median DI = 1.50) and that in pure seminomas (median DI = 1.85). Although we found no significant correlation between DI and clinical staging of Japanese Urological Association, on the basis of Indiana University staging system, the median DI in NSGCT patients of the advanced extent was lower than those of the other extents. DNA heterogeneity was observed only in 4 of 23 NSGCT patients (17%) and 3 of those 4 patients were assigned to advanced extent. These data suggest that the lower DI and the presence of DNA heterogeneity may have prognostic relevance for NSGCTs.
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Prophylactic chemotherapy for primary and recurrent superficial bladder cancer: preliminary results. The Hokkaido University Bladder Cancer Collaborating Group. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992; 30 Suppl:S21-5. [PMID: 1394811 DOI: 10.1007/bf00686936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A multicenter trial for postoperative prophylaxis of the recurrence of superficial Ta-T1, G1-G2 bladder cancer was performed. Eligible patients with primary or recurrent superficial bladder cancer were randomized into four groups. For the primary cases, intravesical instillation of drugs [group A, 20 mg Adriamycin (ADM) + 200 mg cytosine arabinoside (CA) in 30 ml physiological saline; group B, 10 mg peplomycin (PEP) + 200 mg CA in 30 ml physiological saline; group C, 2 mg neocarzinostatin (NCS) + 200 mg CA in 30 ml physiological saline; and group D, control] was carried out once a week for 2 weeks, once every 2 weeks for 14 weeks, once monthly for 8 months, and, finally, once every 3 months for 1 year. For the recurrent cases, intravesical instillation of 20 mg ADM + 200 mg CA in 30 ml physiological saline as described above and daily oral administration of another drug [group E, 300 mg/day UFT; group F, 200 mg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/day; group G, 30 mg ubenimex/day; and group H, no oral drug] was performed. The postoperative follow-up period was 3-36 months. A total of 193 primary cases and 121 recurrent cases of superficial bladder cancer were evaluated. The cumulative 12-month nonrecurrence rates for the primary cases were 86.2% in group A, 78.1% in group B, 82.1% in group C, and 68.4% in group D. The cumulative nonrecurrence rate obtained using ADM+CA (group A) was significantly higher than the control value. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in the cumulative nonrecurrence rates calculated for the recurrent cases, regardless of the oral drug given. Intravesical instillation of ADM+CA for primary superficial bladder cancer was considered to be useful, but the long-term effect of intravesical instillation remains to be elucidated. Further refinement of this regimen is necessary for effective prophylaxis of the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer.
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Abstract
A newly synthesized conjugate of ursodeoxycholic acid with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) was investigated to determine its suitability for evaluation of enteric bacteria. This compound, PABA-UDCA, was deconjugated by cholylglycine hydrolase to release free PABA, whereas it was completely resistant to deconjugation by pancreatic and intestinal mucosal enzymes. In bacteriologic experiments almost all the microorganisms that split glycocholic acid deconjugated PABA-UDCA. In rat experiments urinary excretions of PABA were measured during 6 h after oral administration of 10 mg PABA-UDCA (PABA-UDCA administration test). Ten control rats excreted 338.5 +/- 13.8 micrograms (mean +/- SE) of PABA; 10 rats with intestinal stagnant loop excreted more (673.6 +/- 70.2 micrograms; P less than 0.01); whereas 10 rats in each of 7 groups pretreated with oral administration of various antibiotics excreted less (P less than 0.001; polymixin B + tinidazole, 14.0 +/- 2.5 micrograms; polymixin B, 224.9 +/- 23.5 micrograms; tinidazole, 42.7 +/- 8.6 micrograms; kanamycin, 50.3 +/- 5.8 micrograms; clindamycin, 57.4 +/- 7.4 micrograms; vancomycin, 70.4 +/- 8.5 micrograms; and paromomycin, 160.4 +/- 16.4 micrograms). This result was reflected by the bacterial mean count of feces. In the PABA-UDCA administration test, after 2 months of feeding with different diets, rats with high-fiber diet (n = 10) excreted less PABA in urine (70.9 +/- 15.9 micrograms; P less than 0.001) than rats on a control diet (n = 10) and a high-protein-high-fat diet (n = 10) (288.9 +/- 34.5 micrograms and 386.7 +/- 61.2 micrograms, respectively). Fecal bacteriologic status was consistently altered. In human volunteers 250 mg PABA-UDCA was tested. Amounts of PABA excreted in urine during 6 h after dosing were 21.11 +/- 2.02 mg in controls (n = 5) and 12.20 +/- 1.01 mg in the group treated with polymixin B plus tinidazole (n = 5; P less than 0.01). No adverse effect was observed. These basic studies indicate that this compound is likely to offer a simple and rapid method for evaluation of the intestinal microorganisms without use of radioisotopes or expensive, special equipment.
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[Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in testicular seminomas--correlation to mitotic count]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1991; 82:239-45. [PMID: 2041270 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.82.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The DNA ploidy of testicular seminomas was studied by flow cytometry using paraffin embedded samples. The mitotic count and DNA index (DI) for 27 seminomas were analyzed in 80 samples with a mean of 3.0 samples per case. Six anaplastic seminomas which were with 3 or more mitoses per a high power field were distinguished from 21 typical seminomas. DNA ploidy pattern was aneuploid in all seminomas except one case of anaplastic seminoma, and clonal heterogeneity in DNA content was found in 3 of 20 (15%) cases of which 2 or more samples were analyzed. Although the DI had no significant difference between those two groups of seminomas classified by mitotic count, the DI in anaplastic seminomas was ranged from 1.5 to 2.0 (median DI = 1.70), otherwise the DI in typical seminomas ranged from 1.5 to 3.5 (median DI = 1.89), particularly 9 cases in 21 (43%) typical seminomas distributed in hypertetraploid region. The median DI of stage I seminomas was 1.88 and that of stages II + III seminomas was 1.75, though there was also no significant correlation between DI and clinical stages. In general, it is postulated that the higher DI is paralleled to the more malignant nature of neoplasms, nevertheless this study suggested that the higher DI in seminomas is not always related to high malignant potentiality determined by histological type and clinical stage.
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Suppression of hematopoiesis by activated T-cells in infectious mononucleosis associated with pancytopenia. Int J Hematol 1991; 54:65-73. [PMID: 1954353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two patients with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection followed by pancytopenia were studied. They showed increased numbers of DR-positive, activated T-cells and serological evidence of persistent EBV infection over a 12 and 18 week period. Bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage colony formation (CFU-GM) was investigated by limiting dilution assay (LDA) and methylcellulose assay. CFU-GM of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) was markedly suppressed in both patients during the pancytopenic phase. Removal of bone marrow T-cells by E-rosetting resulted in a significant increase of CFU-GM to normal levels in BMMNC of both patients, while no significant increase was observed in the BMMNC of normal subjects. CFU-GM in BMMNC from Patient 1 in the recovery phase was normal when DR-positive T-cells were within normal levels, irrespective of the presence or absence of T-cells. These results suggest that pancytopenia due to infectious mononucleosis in these patients was due to bone marrow suppression by activated T-cells. In vitro studies with Con A activated T-cells and their culture medium showed that suppression of CFU-GM by T-cells was mediated by a lymphokine.
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[A clinical study of associated bladder cancer in patients with renal pelvic and ureteral cancer]. HINYOKIKA KIYO. ACTA UROLOGICA JAPONICA 1990; 36:1141-7. [PMID: 2264542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed 76 cases of renal pelvic and ureteral cancer, admitted to our hospital between January, 1975 and December, 1988, with special reference to the occurrence of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer was associated with an upper urinary tract neoplasm in 35 of the 76 cases (46.1%), 7 with a preceding bladder cancer, 17 with a coexistent one and 11 with a subsequent one. In case of renal pelvic and upper ureteral cancer the incidence of coexistent or subsequent tumors of the bladder was 28.7% (16 of 56 patients). However, in the cases of lower ureteral cancer the incidence of these tumors was 82.4% (14 of 17 patients). This incidence was significantly higher than that in renal pelvic and upper ureteral cancer. The subsequent bladder cancer was observed in 19 patients including 8 patients who had a recurrence of the bladder cancer after the treatment for a preceding and coexistent bladder cancer. The cancer in most cases occurred within 2 years after the treatment of the upper urinary tract neoplasm. Of 19 patients who had subsequent bladder cancer 11 had primary sites in the renal pelvis and upper ureter. Another 8 patient had primary sites in the lower ureter. Four of the 8 subsequent bladder cancers in patients with lower ureteral cancer occurred just on and around the affected ureteral orifice. All these 4 tumors were high grade and high stage tumors. On the other hand, another 15 patients developed subsequent bladder cancer in a place other than the affected ureteral orifice. Of these 15 patients, 13 cases showed a low grade and low stage tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Metabolic risk factors in the normolipidemic male patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease. JAPANESE CIRCULATION JOURNAL 1990; 54:493-500. [PMID: 2232113 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.54.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The relationship of plasma lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations and plasma insulin response to oral glucose load to angiographically determined coronary artery disease (CAD) was investigated in 65 normolipidemic (plasma cholesterol less than 230 mg/dl and plasma triglyceride less than 150 mg/dl) males. According to the results of coronary angiography, the patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with normal coronary artery, NCA group (n = 21); and patients with coronary artery disease, CAD group (n = 44). No significant differences in concentrations of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride were observed between the CAD and NCA groups. In the CAD group cumulative lifetime tobacco consumption was higher and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration was lower than those in the NCA group. The variables that correlated with the severity of CAD, defined by the number of lesions and percent stenosis, were levels of plasma apo A-I and apo B. Prevalence of subjects with reduced oral glucose tolerance did not differ between 2 groups. However, hyperinsulinemic response to oral glucose load was present in the CAD group. HDL-cholesterol concentration, the sum of plasma insulin levels and the magnitude of the early insulin response during oral glucose challenge were accurate predictors of the presence of but not the severity of CAD. Multivariate analysis of the data confirmed the independent effect of plasma levels of apo A-I and apo B on the severity of CAD. The present data indicated that plasma levels of apo A-I and apo B were powerful discriminators in the normolipidemic CAD patients and that a high insulin response might be an indicator of enhanced susceptibility to the distinct coronary atherosclerosis.
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[A study on sex chromosome mosaicism--endocrinological and immunohistochemical findings with glutathion S-transferase in the gonads]. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1990; 81:359-66. [PMID: 2359212 DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.81.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to clarify the clinical aspects of sex chromosomal mosaicism, we evaluated the karyotypes, the anatomy of external genitalia and internal ductal system, the pituitary-gonadal function, and the histopathology of the gonads by immuno-staining for glutathion S-transferase (GST) in 5 patients who had been all raised as female. Three patients have the 45, X/46, XYq- karyotype in the initial lymphocyte culture or the subsequent culture of skin fibroblasts. Another two karyotypes were 45, X/46, XYq-/47, XYq-, Yq- and 45, X/46, XdicY. Thus, Y chromosome of all patients retained short arms in which the testis determining factor is encoded. Three prepubertal patients were referred to us for their ambigious external genitalia and two postpubertal patients were for the short statures. Although the vaginal orifice was separated from the urethral meatus in all of them, the phallic enlargement was noted in 4 patients and the posterior labial fusion in 2 patients. The oldest patient had a normal female appearance of external genitalia except the vaginal septum. Serum gonadotrophin (GnH) levels were basically high in the postopubertal patients and the responses of GnH to LH-RH were significantly increased in the prepubertal patients. Serum testosterone levels to hCG stimulation ranged from no response to low normal response. All patients underwent the exploratory laparotomy together with the feminizing genitoplasty. The gonads in 3 patients, diagnosed as mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MGD), consisted of a unilateral testis and a contralateral streak gonad. Two patients had variants, including one with bilateral dysgenetic testis and another with bilateral streak gonads.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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[Family of hereditary elliptocytosis with abnormalities of spectrin function (Sp alpha 1/74)]. [RINSHO KETSUEKI] THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HEMATOLOGY 1989; 30:1047-51. [PMID: 2810789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have experienced a case of cytohemolytic hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) in a six-year-old boy. Metabolisms of the erythrocytic membrane were investigated on the members from his pedigree. The results were as follows; 1) The presence or absence of ovalocytic HE were studied in his pedigree. 2) Failure in the process of spectrin dimer to tetramer conversion was found. 3) Although abnormality existed in conversion of D to T by the patient's alpha-chain spectrin and normal beta-chain spectrin, no abnormality was recognized when normal alpha-chain and the patient's beta-chain were combined. 4) Decrease of the alpha-chain (80 kd) domain and appearance of abnormal (74 kd) spot were found by two dimensional peptide mapping of spectrin. 5) In his pedigree, neither patients with hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) nor carrier states were recognized. In summary, this patient's pedigree was considered to be HE [SP alpha 1/74]. This case appears to be the first case in Japan and only few cases have been reported in the world literature.
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