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Zhao Y, Dong B, Benkstein KD, Chen L, Steffens KL, Semancik S. Deep Learning Image Analysis of Nanoplasmonic Sensors: Toward Medical Breath Monitoring. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:54411-54422. [PMID: 36418023 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sensing biomarkers in exhaled breath offers a potentially portable, cost-effective, and noninvasive strategy for disease diagnosis screening and monitoring, while high sensitivity, wide sensing range, and target specificity are critical challenges. We demonstrate a deep learning-assisted plasmonic sensing platform that can detect and quantify gas-phase biomarkers in breath-related backgrounds of varying complexity. The sensing interface consisted of Au/SiO2 nanopillars covered with a 15 nm metal-organic framework. A small camera was utilized to capture the plasmonic sensing responses as images, which were subjected to deep learning signal processing. The approach has been demonstrated at a classification accuracy of 95 to 98% for the diabetic ketosis marker acetone within a concentration range of 0.5-80 μmol/mol. The reported work provides a thorough exploration of single-sensor capabilities and sets the basis for more advanced utilization of artificial intelligence in sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhao
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
- Sensing Labs, Inc., Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Boqun Dong
- Sensing Labs, Inc., Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Kurt D Benkstein
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Kristen L Steffens
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Steve Semancik
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
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Vishnubhotla R, Montgomery CB, Steffens KL, Semancik S. Conformational Changes of Immobilized Polythymine due to External Stressors Studied with Temperature-Controlled Electrochemical Microdevices. Langmuir 2021; 37:2607-2618. [PMID: 33595321 PMCID: PMC9278808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conformational changes of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) play an important role in a DNA strand's ability to bind to target ligands. A variety of factors can influence conformation, including temperature, ionic strength, pH, buffer cation valency, strand length, and sequence. To better understand the effects of these factors on immobilized DNA structures, we employ temperature-controlled electrochemical microsensors to study the effects of salt concentration and temperature variation on the conformation and motion of polythymine (polyT) strands of varying lengths (10, 20, 50 nucleotides). PolyT strands were tethered to a gold working electrode at the proximal end through a thiol linker via covalent bonding between the Au electrode and sulfur link, which can tend to decompose between a temperature range of 60 and 90 °C. The strands were also modified with an electrochemically active methylene blue (MB) moiety at the distal end. Electron transfer (eT) was measured by square wave voltammetry (SWV) and used to infer information pertaining to the average distance between the MB and the working electrode. We observe changes in DNA flexibility due to varying ionic strength, while the effects of increased DNA thermal motion are tracked for elevated temperatures. This work elucidates the behavior of ssDNA in the presence of a phosphate-buffered saline at NaCl concentrations ranging from 20 to 1000 mmol/L through a temperature range of 10-50 °C in 1° increments, well below the decomposition temperature range. The results lay the groundwork for studies on more complex DNA strands in conjunction with different chemical and physical conditions.
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Zhao Y, Mukherjee K, Benkstein KD, Sun L, Steffens KL, Montgomery CB, Guo S, Semancik S, Zaghloul ME. Miniaturized nanohole array based plasmonic sensor for the detection of acetone and ethanol with insights into the kinetics of adsorptive plasmonic sensing. Nanoscale 2019; 11:11922-11932. [PMID: 31188375 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03578h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates development of a miniaturized plasmonic platform comprised of a Au nanohole array (NHA) on a Si/Si3N4 substrate. Plasmonic responses of the NHA platform, which is coated with Cu-benzenetricarboxylate metal organic framework (MOF), are found to be promising even towards 500 nmol mol-1 (ppb) of acetone or ethanol vapors at room temperature. The sensing characteristics are further investigated by varying the operating temperature (296 K to 318 K) of the sensor and the concentrations of vapors (500 nmol mol-1 to 320 μmol mol-1). The plasmonic responses for the sensors are correlated with the adsorption of vapors on the MOF surface and modeled in accordance to Langmuir-type adsorption. Kinetic parameters are estimated for the adsorption of fixed concentrations of acetone and ethanol vapors within the studied operating temperature range. The linear variation of characteristic response time constants with the operating temperature provides Arrhenius activation energies for the adsorption of acetone and ethanol vapors. The comparatively lower activation energy estimated for the adsorption of ethanol results in faster and more sensitive response of the sensor towards that analyte. The plasmonic sensor for the detection of nmol mol-1 level acetone and ethanol vapors at room temperature along with the kinetic correlation on plasmonic response with the adsorption of the analytes described herein offer new insights to existing reports on surface modification and plasmonic detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, 800 22nd St NW, Washington, DC, USA.
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Vaish A, Vanderah DJ, Richter LJ, Dimitriou M, Steffens KL, Walker ML. Dithiol-based modification of poly(dopamine): enabling protein resistance via short-chain ethylene oxide oligomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6591-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00299k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A facile strategy to modify surface properties of poly(dopamine)-coated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Vaish
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research
- Gaithersburg
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Delaware
| | - David J. Vanderah
- Materials Measurement Laboratory
- NIST
- Gaithersburg
- USA
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research
| | | | - Michael Dimitriou
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research
- Gaithersburg
- USA
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Vaish A, Silin V, Walker ML, Steffens KL, Krueger S, Yeliseev AA, Gawrisch K, Vanderah DJ. A generalized strategy for immobilizing uniformly oriented membrane proteins at solid interfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2685-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc00077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Mahoney CM, Fahey AJ, Steffens KL, Benner BA, Lareau RT. Characterization of Composition C4 Explosives using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2010; 82:7237-48. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101116r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Mahoney
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8371, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Albert J. Fahey
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8371, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Kristen L. Steffens
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8371, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Bruce A. Benner
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8371, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Richard T. Lareau
- Transportation Security Laboratory, William J. Hughes Technical Center, Building 315, Atlantic City International Airport, New Jersey 08405
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DelRio FW, Steffens KL, Jaye C, Fischer DA, Cook RF. Elastic, adhesive, and charge transport properties of a metal-molecule-metal junction: the role of molecular orientation, order, and coverage. Langmuir 2010; 26:1688-1699. [PMID: 19839640 DOI: 10.1021/la902653n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The elastic, adhesive, and charge transport properties of a metal-molecule-metal junction were studied via conducting-probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) and correlated with molecular structure by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The junctions consisted of Co-Cr-coated AFM tips in contact with methyl-terminated alkanethiols (CH(3)(CH(2))(n-1)SH, denoted by C(n), where n is the number of carbons in the molecular chain) on Au substrates. AFM contact data were analyzed with the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov contact model, modified by a first-order elastic perturbation method to account for substrate effects, and a parabolic tunneling model, appropriate for a metal-insulator-metal junction in which the thickness of the insulator is comparable to the Fermi wavelength of the conducting electrons. NEXAFS carbon K-edge spectra were used to compute the dichroic ratio R(I) for each film, which provided a quantitative measure of the molecular structure as a function of n. As n decreased from 18 to 5, there was a change in the molecular phase from crystalline to amorphous (R(I) --> 0) and loss of surface coverage, and as a result, the work of adhesion w increased from 82.8 mJ m(-2) to 168.3 mJ m(-2), the Young's modulus of the film E(film) decreased from 1.0 to 0.15 GPa, and the tunneling barrier height phi(0) - E(F) decreased from 2.4 to 2.1 eV. For all n, the barrier thickness t decreased for small applied loads F and remained constant at approximately 2.2 nm for large F. The change in behavior was explained by the presence of two insulating layers: an oxide layer on the Co-Cr tip, and the alkanethiol monolayer on the Au surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of an oxide layer on the Co-Cr tip, and by performing high-resolution region scans through the film, the thickness of the oxide layer t(oxide) was found to be between 1.9 and 3.9 nm. Finally, it was shown that phi(0) - E(F) is strain-dependent, and the strain at which the film is completely displaced from under the tip is -0.17 for all values of n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W DelRio
- Ceramics Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
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Tan KT, Vogt BD, White CC, Steffens KL, Goldman J, Satija SK, Clerici C, Hunston DL. On the origins of sudden adhesion loss at a critical relative humidity: examination of bulk and interfacial contributions. Langmuir 2008; 24:9189-9193. [PMID: 18683955 DOI: 10.1021/la800632r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The origins for abrupt adhesion loss at a critical relative humidity (RH) for polymeric adhesives bonded to inorganic surfaces have been explored using a model poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film on glass. The interfacial and bulk water concentrations within the polymer film as a function of D 2O partial pressure were quantified using neutron reflectivity. Adhesion strength of these PMMA/SiO 2 interfaces under the same conditions was quantified using a shaft loaded blister test. A drop in adhesion strength was observed at a critical RH, and at this same RH, a discontinuity in the bulk moisture concentration occurred. The moisture concentration near the interface was higher than that in the bulk PMMA, and at the critical RH, the breadth of the interfacial water concentration distribution as a function of distance from the SiO 2/PMMA interface increased dramatically. We propose a mechanism for loss of adhesion at a critical RH based upon the interplay between bulk swelling induced stress and weakening of the interfacial bond by moisture accumulation at the PMMA/SiO 2 interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Tean Tan
- Building and Fire Research Laboratory, Process Measurements Division, Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
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Steffens KL, Jeffries JB, Crosley DR. Collisional energy transfer in predissociative OH laser-induced fluorescence in flames. Opt Lett 1993; 18:1355. [PMID: 19823381 DOI: 10.1364/ol.18.001355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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