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Augustin G, Bruketa T, Kunjko K, Romić I, Mikuš M, Vrbanić A, Tropea A. Colonic gallstone ileus: a systematic literature review with a diagnostic-therapeutic algorithm. Updates Surg 2023:10.1007/s13304-023-01537-0. [PMID: 37209317 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-023-01537-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rare complication of gallstone disease is gallstone ileus. The common location is the small intestine, followed by the stomach. The rarest location is colonic gallstone ileus (CGI). To summarize and define the most appropriate diagnostic methods and therapeutic options for CGI based on the paucity of published data. Literature searches of English-, German-, Spanish-, Italian-, Japanese-, Dutch- and Portuguese language articles included and Italian-language articles using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Additional studies were identified from the references of retrieved studies. 113 cases of CGI were recorded with a male to female patient ratio of 1:2.9. The average patient age was 77.7 years (range 45-95 years). The usual location of stone impaction was the sigmoid colon (85.8%), followed by a descending colon (6.6%), transverse colon (4.7%), rectum (1.9%), and lastly, ascending colon (0.9%). Gallstones ranged from 2 to 10 cm. The duration of symptoms was variable (1 day to 2 months), with commonly reported abdominal distension, obstipation, and vomiting; 85.2% of patients had previous biliary symptoms. Diverticular disease was present in 81.8% of patients. During the last 23 years, CT scan was the most common imaging method (91.5%), confirming the ectopic gallstone in 86.7% of cases, pneumobilia in 65.3%, and cholecytocolonic fistula in 68%. The treatment option included laparotomy with cololithotomy and primary closure (24.7%), laparotomy and cololithotomy with diverting stoma (14.2%), colonic resection with anastomosis (7.9%), colonic resection with a colostomy (12.4%), laparoscopy with cololithotomy with primary closure (2.6%), laparoscopy with cololithotomy with a colostomy (0.9%), colostomy without gallstone extraction (5.3%), endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy (success rate 41.1%), extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (1.8%). The cholecystectomy rate was 46.7%; during the initial procedure 25%, and as a separate procedure, 21.7%; 53.3% of patients had no cholecystectomy. The survival rate was 87%. CGI is the rarest presentation of gallstone ileus, mainly in women over 70 years of age, with gallstones over 2 cm, and predominantly in the sigmoid colon. Abdominal CT is diagnostic. Nonoperative treatment, particularly in subacute presentations, should be the first-line treatment. Laparotomy with cololithotomy or colonic resection is a standard procedure with favorable outcomes. There are no robust data on whether primary or delayed cholecystectomy is mandatory as a part of CGI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Augustin
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Bruketa
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristian Kunjko
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Romić
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mislav Mikuš
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Adam Vrbanić
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alessandro Tropea
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Abdominal Diseases and Abdominal Transplantation, IRCCS-ISMETT, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Palermo, Italy
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Žužul K, Kunjko K, Milošević M, Jurakić Tončić R, Kelava T, Ljubojević Hadžavdić S. The Association Between the Severity of Psoriasis and Obesity Based on the Analysis of Visceral Fat Index and Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-6, and Resistin. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2022; 30:8-17. [PMID: 36153714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of psoriasis and obesity based on the analysis of the visceral fat index and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and resistin. The study included 50 patients with psoriasis and 30 subjects in the control group. The measured parameters were height, weight, waist circumference, visceral fat index, and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and resistin. The severity of the disease was evaluated using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). Visceral fat index was measured using the method of bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and resistin were correlated with visceral fat index, and the relationship of all these parameters with psoriasis severity was also analyzed. Patients with psoriasis have a significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, and visceral fat index compared with the control group. Elevated serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and resistin, as well as a correlation with psoriasis severity and visceral fat index was also found in the patient group. Visceral fat index was a better indicator of the relationship between psoriasis severity and obesity than waist circumference and body mass index. We concluded that serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and resistin could be useful in assessing psoriasis activity and optimizing therapeutic strategies. It is suggested that visceral fat index should be evaluated in all patients with psoriasis, especially before the decision on systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Žužul
- Kristina Žužul, MD, PhD, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia;
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Kos M, Nogales FF, Kos M, Stipoljev F, Kunjko K. Congenital Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Testis in a Fetus Showing Full 69, XXY Triploidy. Int J Surg Pathol 2016; 13:219-21. [PMID: 15864389 DOI: 10.1177/106689690501300216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumor (TJGCT) occurs predominantly in infancy and may be associated with sex chromosomal abnormalities. We report a fetus aborted because of cytogenetically confirmed complete XXY triploidy. External genitalia of the fetus were female, with a short and patent vagina. The tumor presented as an abdominal multicystic mass with typical histologic and immunohistological features of JGCT. It was connected with a tubular uterus-like structure. The other gonad was an inguinally localized testis that showed histologically a Sertoli cell adenoma. Malformations typical for triploidy were also present: agenesis of the corpus callosum, stenosis of the pulmonary ostium, and hypoplasia of the lungs and adrenals. To our knowledge this is the first case of TJGCT in a triploid fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kos
- Institute of Pathology, Medical School University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Masnec S, Kokot A, Zlatar M, Kalauz M, Kunjko K, Radic B, Klicek R, Drmic D, Lazic R, Brcic L, Radic R, Ivekovic R, Seiwerth S, Sikiric P. Perforating corneal injury in rat and pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Exp Eye Res 2015; 136:9-15. [PMID: 25912999 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Based on its healing effects in various tissues, we hypothesized that the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 heals corneal ulcerations in rats and effects corneal transparency. We made a penetrant linear 2-mm incision in the paralimbal region of the left cornea at the 5 o'clock position with a 20-gauge MVR incision knife at 45° under an operating microscope. Medication was BPC 157 (2 pg/mL, 2 ng/mL, and 2 μg/mL distilled water, two eye drops/left rat eye) immediately after injury induction and then every 8 h up to 120 h; controls received an equal volume of distilled water. In contrast to the poor healing response in controls, BPC 157 significantly accelerated the healing process in 2 μg and 2 ng BPC 157-treated eyes, starting 24 h after the injury, and the fluorescein and Seidel tests became negative. The epithelial defects were completely healed at 72 h (2 μg BPC 157-treated group) and at 96 h (2 ng BPC 157-treated group) after injury. Aqueous cells were absent at 96 h and 120 h after injury in the 2 μg and 2 ng BPC 157-treated groups, respectively. In conclusion, BPC 157 effects the rapid regaining of corneal transparency. Whereas controls developed new vessels that grew from the limbus to the penetrated area, BPC 157-treated rats generally had no new vessels, and those that did form in the limbus did not make contact with the penetrated area. Thus, BPC 157 eye drops successfully close perforating corneal incisions in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Masnec
- University Department of Ophthalmology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Kokot
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mirna Zlatar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Miro Kalauz
- University Department of Ophthalmology, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristian Kunjko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bozo Radic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Klicek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Drmic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ratimir Lazic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luka Brcic
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Radivoje Radic
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Renata Ivekovic
- University Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Predrag Sikiric
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Augustin G, Kunjko K. Spermatic cord abscess after coronary angiography via femoral artery mimicking incarcerated inguinal hernia. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2014; 15:866-7. [PMID: 25494476 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2014.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Augustin
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb and School of Medicine, University of Zagreb , Zagreb, Croatia
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Petrovic I, Dobric I, Drmic D, Sever M, Klicek R, Radic B, Brcic L, Kolenc D, Zlatar M, Kunjko K, Jurcic D, Martinac M, Rasic Z, Boban Blagaic A, Romic Z, Seiwerth S, Sikiric P. BPC 157 therapy to detriment sphincters failure-esophagitis-pancreatitis in rat and acute pancreatitis patients low sphincters pressure. J Physiol Pharmacol 2011; 62:527-534. [PMID: 22204800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Possibly, acute esophagitis and pancreatitis cause each other, and we focused on sphincteric failure as the common causative key able to induce either esophagitis and acute pancreatitis or both of them, and thereby investigate the presence of a common therapy nominator. This may be an anti-ulcer pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (tested for inflammatory bowel disease, wound treatment) affecting esophagitis, lower esophageal and pyloric sphincters failure and acute pancreatitis (10 μg/kg, 10 ng/kg intraperitoneally or in drinking water). The esophagitis-sphincter failure procedure (i.e., insertion of the tubes into the sphincters, lower esophageal and pyloric) and acute pancreatitis procedure (i.e., bile duct ligation) were combined in rats. Esophageal manometry was done in acute pancreatitis patients. In rats acute pancreatitis procedure produced also esophagitis and both sphincter failure, decreased pressure 24 h post-surgery. Furthermore, bile duct ligation alone immediately declines the pressure in both sphincters. Vice versa, the esophagitis-sphincter failure procedure alone produced acute pancreatitis. What's more, these lesions (esophagitis, sphincter failure, acute pancreatitis when combined) aggravate each other (tubes into sphincters and ligated bile duct). Counteraction occurred by BPC 157 therapies. In acute pancreatitis patients lower pressure at rest was in both esophageal sphincters in acute pancreatitis patients. We conclude that BPC 157 could cure esophagitis/sphincter/acute pancreatitis healing failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Petrovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Kos M, Czernobilsky B, Hlupic L, Kunjko K. Pathological changes in placentas from pregnancies with preeclampsia and eclampsia with emphasis on persistence of endovascular trophoblastic plugs. Croat Med J 2005; 46:404-9. [PMID: 15861519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the frequency and types of histopathological changes in placentas from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia/eclampsia. METHODS Placentas routinely sent for pathological examination (n=1,689) were studied microscopically and compared to findings of 50 placentas from uncomplicated pregnancies. RESULTS Out of 1,689 placentas from singleton pregnancies, 279 (16.5%) were from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia/eclampsia. Seventy five placentas (26.8%) were appropriate for gestational age; other findings included: infarcts of various stage and volume in 63 cases (22.6%), minimal hypoxic damage in 27 cases (9.7%), accelerated maturation in 42 cases (15.1%), chronic villitis in 18 cases (6.5%), mixed findings in 18 cases (6.5%), intervillous thrombosis in 15 cases (5.4%), sub-choral thrombosis in 9 cases (3.2%), immaturity of the villi in 6 cases (2.1%), and findings suggestive of placental insufficiency in 6 cases (2.1%). Normal findings were significantly more frequent in the control group (P<0.001), but no other significant differences between the groups were found. In 4 (1.4%) placentas from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia/eclampsia (gestational age 32 to 36 weeks), remnants of endovascular trophoblastic plugs in the vessels of the basal decidua were found. CONCLUSION No significant difference was found between the group of placentas from pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia/eclampsia and the control group with regard to ischemic changes of the placenta. Endovascular trophoblastic plugs in the basal plate vessels from the third trimester placentas may play an additional role in the development of ischemic lesions in the placentas from pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia/eclampsia, but may also simply represent indirect evidence of the abnormal expression of certain adhesion molecules in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kos
- Ljudevit Jurak University Department of Pathology, Sisters of Mercy University Hospital, Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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