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Ray I, Simpson AIF, Jones RM, Shatokhina K, Thakur A, Mulsant BH. Clinical, Demographic, and Criminal Behavior Characteristics of Patients With Intellectual Disabilities in a Canadian Forensic Program. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:760. [PMID: 31681051 PMCID: PMC6803491 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: People with intellectual disability (ID) and forensic issues constitute a challenging clinical group that has been understudied in forensic settings. Methods: We assessed the characteristics of patients with ID under the authority of the Ontario Review Board (ORB) in a large forensic program of a tertiary psychiatric hospital (excluding those with a cognitive disorder) and compared their characteristics with those of a non-ID control group. Results: Among 510 adult ORB patients, 47 had an ID diagnosis. ID patients were of younger age at index offense, with a lower level of education, and were less likely to have been married or employed, more likely to have committed a sexual offense, more likely to have a diagnosis of paraphilia, less likely to be "not criminally responsible," and more likely to be "unfit to stand trial." They were also more likely to have committed their index offenses against care professionals and be treated in a secure unit. Conclusion: Our findings have major implications for clinicians, clinical leaders, and policymakers about the specific needs of patients with ID presenting with forensic issues and differing needs in terms of treatment and risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Ray
- Complex Care and Recovery Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander I F Simpson
- Complex Care and Recovery Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roland M Jones
- Complex Care and Recovery Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Anupam Thakur
- Complex Care and Recovery Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benoit H Mulsant
- Complex Care and Recovery Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Ahmad S, Fergus K, Shatokhina K, Gardner S. The closer 'We' are, the stronger 'I' am: the impact of couple identity on cancer coping self-efficacy. J Behav Med 2016; 40:403-413. [PMID: 27848061 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-016-9803-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the supposition that greater levels of couple identity (or we-ness) increase a woman's coping self-efficacy in relation to breast cancer, which, in turn, predicts better psychosocial adjustment. Women (N = 112) in committed relationships completed surveys assessing their levels of couple identity, cancer coping self-efficacy, and aspects of their psychosocial adjustment (specifically, depression, anxiety and functional well-being) during one of their outpatient visits to the cancer centre. As predicted, the more women identified with their relationships, the lower their levels of depression and anxiety were and the greater their functional well-being was. This relationship was mediated by coping self-efficacy: greater identification with one's relationship predicted greater confidence in one's ability to cope, which, in turn, predicted better adjustment. The role intimate relationships play in women's adjustment to breast cancer, as well as directions for further research, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saunia Ahmad
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada. .,Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
| | - Karen Fergus
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.,Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Kristina Shatokhina
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.,Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sandra Gardner
- Kunin-Lunenfeld Centre for Applied and Evaluative Research Unit, Baycrest Health Sciences Centre, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, M6A 2E1, Canada
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