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Kothapalli K, Wang Z, Park HG, Wang DH, Kitano R, Brenna JT. Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 (FADS2) Actions on Branched Chain and Normal Odd Chain Saturated Fatty Acids. Curr Dev Nutr 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa058_019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Branched chain fatty acids (BCFA), linear chain/normal odd chain fatty acids (n-OCFA) and sapienic acid (16:1n-10), are the most abundant lipids on human skin, especially sebaceous gland (SG) wax esters. Sapienic acid synthesis is mediated by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) in the sebaceous glands. FADS2 is an abundant mRNA in human skin, producing a classical transcript that introduces a double bond at the Δ6, Δ4 and Δ8 positions acting on at least eleven substrates, including one saturate (n-16:0). Our main objective was to test the hypothesis that FADS2 catalyze desaturation reaction(s) operating on specific BCFA and n-OCFA.
Methods
We created MCF-7 cells stably expressing FADS1 and FADS2 by using pcDNA3.1 expression vector system along with empty vector cells as control. Cells were cultured in standard MEM-α media and incubated at concentration of 50 μM of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-bound fatty acid substrates individually (anteiso-15:0, iso-16:0, iso-17:0, anteiso-17:0, iso-18:0 or n-17:0). FAME were structurally identified by gas chromatography (GC) - covalent adduct chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CACI-MS/MS) and quantified by GC-flame ionization detector (GC-FID).
Results
FADS2 desaturated BCFA as follows: iso-16:0 → iso-6Z-16:1, iso-17:0 → iso-6Z-17:1, anteiso-17:0 → anteiso-6Z-17:1 and iso-18:0 → iso-6Z-18:1. FADS2 had no action on anteiso-15:0. FADS2 converted n-17:0 → n-6Z-17:1. FADS1 had no activity towards any of these substrates.
Conclusions
We provide the first molecular evidence demonstrating novel FADS2-coded enzymatic activity towards BCFA and n-OCFA producing predominant human sebaceous monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Our results extends FADS2 activity to BCFA and n-OCFA and expands FADS2 actions on saturated fatty acid substrates from one to six. Changes in the levels or the activity of FADS2 can influence the fatty acid composition of the sebum, which may play a role in certain skin abnormalities.
Funding Sources
NIH R01 AT007003.
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Tanatar MA, Böhmer AE, Timmons EI, Schütt M, Drachuck G, Taufour V, Kothapalli K, Kreyssig A, Bud'ko SL, Canfield PC, Fernandes RM, Prozorov R. Origin of the Resistivity Anisotropy in the Nematic Phase of FeSe. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:127001. [PMID: 27689292 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.127001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The in-plane resistivity anisotropy is studied in strain-detwinned single crystals of FeSe. In contrast to other iron-based superconductors, FeSe does not develop long-range magnetic order below the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition at T_{s}≈90 K. This allows for the disentanglement of the contributions to the resistivity anisotropy due to nematic and magnetic orders. Comparing direct transport and elastoresistivity measurements, we extract the intrinsic resistivity anisotropy of strain-free samples. The anisotropy peaks slightly below T_{s} and decreases to nearly zero on cooling down to the superconducting transition. This behavior is consistent with a scenario in which the in-plane resistivity anisotropy is dominated by inelastic scattering by anisotropic spin fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Tanatar
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | - E I Timmons
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Schütt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G Drachuck
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - V Taufour
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - K Kothapalli
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A Kreyssig
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S L Bud'ko
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P C Canfield
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R M Fernandes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - R Prozorov
- Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Park HG, Lawrence P, Engel MG, Kothapalli K, Brenna JT. Metabolic fate of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) in human cells: direct retroconversion of DHA to eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) dominates over elongation to tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6n-3). FEBS Lett 2016; 590:3188-94. [PMID: 27543786 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) supplementation in humans causes eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) levels to rise in plasma, but not in neural tissue where 22:6n-3 is the major omega-3 in phospholipids. We determined whether neuronal cells (Y79 and SK-N-SH) metabolize 22:6n-3 differently from non-neuronal cells (MCF7 and HepG2). We observed that (13) C-labeled 22:6n-3 was primarily esterified into cell lipids. We also observed that retroconversion of 22:6n-3 to 20:5n-3 was 5- to 6-fold greater in non-neural compared to neural cells and that retroconversion predominated over elongation to tetracosahexaenoic acid (24:6n-3) by 2-5-fold. The putative metabolic intermediates, (13) C-labeled 22:5n-3 and (13) C-labeled 24:5n-3, were not detected in our assays. Analysis of the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation revealed that MCF7 cells abundantly expressed the mitochondrial enzymes CPT1A, ECI1, and DECR1, whereas the peroxisomal enzyme ACOX1 was abundant in HepG2 cells, thus suggesting that the initial site of 22:6n-3 oxidation depends on the cell type. Our data reveal that non-neural cells more actively metabolize 22:6n-3 to 20:5n-3 via channeled retroconversion, while neural cells retain 22:6n-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gyu Park
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Matthew G Engel
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Kothapalli K, Böhmer AE, Jayasekara WT, Ueland BG, Das P, Sapkota A, Taufour V, Xiao Y, Alp E, Bud'ko SL, Canfield PC, Kreyssig A, Goldman AI. Strong cooperative coupling of pressure-induced magnetic order and nematicity in FeSe. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12728. [PMID: 27582003 PMCID: PMC5025798 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of the iron-based superconductors is the strong coupling between magnetic, structural and electronic degrees of freedom. However, a universal picture of the normal state properties of these compounds has been confounded by recent investigations of FeSe where the nematic (structural) and magnetic transitions appear to be decoupled. Here, using synchrotron-based high-energy x-ray diffraction and time-domain Mössbauer spectroscopy, we show that nematicity and magnetism in FeSe under applied pressure are indeed strongly coupled. Distinct structural and magnetic transitions are observed for pressures between 1.0 and 1.7 GPa and merge into a single first-order transition for pressures ≳1.7 GPa, reminiscent of what has been found for the evolution of these transitions in the prototypical system Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2. Our results are consistent with a spin-driven mechanism for nematic order in FeSe and provide an important step towards a universal description of the normal state properties of the iron-based superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Kothapalli
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A. E. Böhmer
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - W. T. Jayasekara
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - B. G. Ueland
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P. Das
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A. Sapkota
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - V. Taufour
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Y. Xiao
- HPCAT, Carnegie Institute of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - E. Alp
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S. L. Bud'ko
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P. C. Canfield
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A. Kreyssig
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A. I. Goldman
- Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Wang DH, Jackson JR, Twining C, Rudstam LG, Zollweg-Horan E, Kraft C, Lawrence P, Kothapalli K, Wang Z, Brenna JT. Saturated Branched Chain, Normal Odd-Carbon-Numbered, and n-3 (Omega-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Freshwater Fish in the Northeastern United States. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:7512-7519. [PMID: 27643722 PMCID: PMC6374211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The fatty acid profiles of wild freshwater fish are poorly characterized as a human food source for several classes of fatty acids, particularly for branched chain fatty acids (BCFA), a major bioactive dietary component known to enter the US food supply primarily via dairy and beef fat. We evaluated the fatty acid content of 27 freshwater fish species captured in the northeastern US with emphasis on the BCFA and bioactive polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) most associated with fish, specifically n-3 (omega-3) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Mean BCFA content across all species was 1.0 ± 0.5% (mean ± SD) of total fatty acids in edible muscle, with rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) and pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) the highest at >2% BCFA. In comparison, EPA + DHA constituted 28% ± 7% of total fatty acids. Across all fish species, the major BCFA were iso-15:0, anteiso-15:0, iso-16:0, iso-17:0 and anteiso-17:0. Fish skin had significantly higher BCFA content than muscle tissues, at 1.8% ± 0.7%, but lower EPA and DHA. Total BCFA in fish skins was positively related with that in muscle (r2 = 0.6). The straight chain saturates n-15:0 and n-17:0 which have been identified previously as markers for dairy consumption were relatively high with means of 0.4% and 0.6%, respectively, and may be an underappreciated marker for seafood intake. Consuming a standardized portion, 70 g (2.5 oz), of wild freshwater fish contributes only small amounts of BCFA, 2.5-24.2 mg, to the American diet, while it adds surprisingly high amounts of EPA + DHA (107 mg to 558 mg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hao Wang
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - James R. Jackson
- Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University Biological Field Station, Bridgeport, New York 13030, United States
| | - Cornelia Twining
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lars G. Rudstam
- Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University Biological Field Station, Bridgeport, New York 13030, United States
| | - Emily Zollweg-Horan
- Department of Environmental Conservation, Cortland, New York 13045, United States
| | - Clifford Kraft
- Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University Biological Field Station, Bridgeport, New York 13030, United States
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - J. Thomas Brenna
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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Zhang JY, Qin X, Park H, Kim E, Liu G, Kothapalli K, Brenna JT. Alternative Splicing Generates Novel
Fads3
Transcript in Mice. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.743.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yao Zhang
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Xia Qin
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Jilin UniversityChuangchunJilinChina
| | - Hikyu Park
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ellen Kim
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Guowen Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Jilin UniversityChuangchunJilinChina
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - J Thomas Brenna
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
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Zhang JY, Kim E, Lawrence P, Kothapalli K, Brenna JT. High Oleic Sunflower Oil Alters the Proportions of n‐6 and n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Young and Aging C57BL/6 Heart Tissue. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.598.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yao Zhang
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ellen Kim
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - J Thomas Brenna
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
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Park HG, Kothapalli K, Park WJ, Lawrence P, Liu L, Brenna J. Delta‐6 Desaturase Substrate Competition between 16:0 and 18:2n‐6 or 18:3n‐3 May Limit the Accumulation of 16:1n‐10. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.743.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gyu Park
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Marine Food Science and Technology Gangneung‐Wonju National UniversityGangneungUnited States
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - Lei Liu
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
| | - J.Thomas Brenna
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUnited States
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Liu L, Bartke N, Van Daele H, Lawrence P, Qin X, Park H, Kothapalli K, Windust A, Wang Z, Brenna J. Brain docosahexaenoic acid accretion is greater when supplied as phosphatidylcholine than as triacylglycerol in piglets (821.11). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.821.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Veterinary Medicine Jilin University JilinChina
| | - Nana Bartke
- Early Life Nutrition Nutriticia ResearchUtrechtNetherlands
| | | | - Peter Lawrence
- Nutritional Sciences Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
| | - Xia Qin
- Veterinary Medicine Jilin UniversityJilinNYUnited States
| | - Hui Park
- Nutritional Sciences Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
| | | | - Anthony Windust
- Measurement Science and Standards National Research Council CanadaOttawaONCanada
| | - Zhe Wang
- Veterinary Medicine Jilin University JilinChina
| | - J. Brenna
- Nutritional Sciences Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
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10
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Park HG, Kothapalli K, Park WJ, Qin X, Lawrence P, Brenna J. Human breast cancer cells stably expressed FADS2 synthesize sapienic acid (16:1n‐10) from palmitic acid (16:0) (821.8). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.821.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gyu Park
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
| | | | - Woo Jung Park
- Marine Food Science and Technology Gangneung‐Wonju National UniversityGangwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Xia Qin
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
| | - J. Brenna
- Nutritional Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUnited States
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Kothapalli K, Guo X, Sun X, Hyon S, Ran‐Ressler R, Zou J, Gu Z, Brenna JT. Alternative transcripts in the human milk fat globule proteinogenic RNA transcriptome with emphasis on desaturases (818.8). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.818.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Xiaoxian Guo
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Xuepeng Sun
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Stephanie Hyon
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | | | - James Zou
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
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Qin X, Park HG, Zhang J, Lawrence P, Liu G, Kothapalli K, Brenna JT. Fatty acid profiles of undifferentiated and differentiated white and brown adipose cell lines supplemented with alpha‐linolenic acid (821.5). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.821.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Qin
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Hui Gyu Park
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Jiyao Zhang
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Guowen Liu
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
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Kothapalli K, Carlson S, O'Brien K, Ojukwu K, Zou J, Hyon S, Ran‐Ressler R, Brenna JT. Allele frequency of a 22‐bp insertion/deletion polymorphism of FADS2 in a U.S. population (831.6). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.831.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Susan Carlson
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition University of Kansas Medical CenterKANSAS CITYKSUnited States
| | - Kimberly O'Brien
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Kinsley Ojukwu
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - James Zou
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Stephanie Hyon
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Zhang
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Xia Qin
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Allison Liang
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Ellen Kim
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Peter Lawrence
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - Kumar Kothapalli
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
| | - J. Brenna
- Division of Nutritional SciencesCornell UniversityITHACANYUnited States
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15
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Liu L, Bartke N, Van Daele H, Lawrence P, Qin X, Park HG, Kothapalli K, Windust A, Bindels J, Wang Z, Brenna JT. Higher efficacy of dietary DHA provided as a phospholipid than as a triglyceride for brain DHA accretion in neonatal piglets. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:531-9. [PMID: 24470588 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m045930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain PUFAs (LCPUFAs) occur in foods primarily in the natural lipid classes, triacylglycerols (TAGs) or phospholipids (PLs). We studied the relative efficacy of the neural omega-3 DHA provided in formula to growing piglets as a dose of (13)C-DHA bound to either TAG or phosphatidylcholine (PC). Piglets were assigned to identical formula-based diets from early life and provided with TAG-(13)C-DHA or PC-(13)C-DHA orally at 16 days. Days later, piglet organs were analyzed for (13)C-DHA and other FA metabolites. PC-(13)C-DHA was 1.9-fold more efficacious for brain gray matter DHA accretion than TAG-(13)C-DHA, and was similarly more efficacious in gray matter synaptosomes, retina, liver, and red blood cells (RBCs). Liver labeling was greatest, implying initial processing in that organ followed by export to other organs, and suggesting that transfer from gut to bloodstream to liver in part drove the difference in relative efficacy for tissue accretion. Apparent retroconversion to 22:5n-3 was more than double for PC-(13)C-DHA and was more prominent in neural tissue than in liver or RBCs. These data directly support greater efficacy for PC as a carrier for LCPUFAs compared with TAG, consistent with previous studies of arachidonic acid and DHA measured in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Huang PC, Jhang HR, Hsu CC, Kothapalli K, Brenna T, Huang MC. Polymorphisms in FADS2 correlated with altered desaturase activity in a type‐2 diabetic cohort. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1016.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of MedicineKaohsiung medical universityKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Huei-Ru Jhang
- Department of NutritionKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health ScienceNational Health Research InstituteZunanTaiwan
| | | | - Tom Brenna
- Division of Nutrition ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY
| | - Meng-Chuan Huang
- Department of NutritionKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Department of Public Health and Environmental MedicineSchool of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
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Ramazanoglu M, Laver M, Ratcliff W, Watson SM, Chen WC, Jackson A, Kothapalli K, Lee S, Cheong SW, Kiryukhin V. Local weak ferromagnetism in single-crystalline ferroelectric BiFeO3. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:207206. [PMID: 22181767 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.207206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polarized small-angle neutron scattering studies of single-crystalline multiferroic BiFeO(3) reveal a long-wavelength spin density wave generated by ∼1° spin canting of the spins out of the rotation plane of the antiferromagnetic cycloidal order. This signifies weak ferromagnetism within mesoscopic regions of dimension 0.03 microns along [110], to several microns along [111], confirming a long-standing theoretical prediction. The average local magnetization is 0.06 μ(B)/Fe. Our results provide an indication of the intrinsic macroscopic magnetization to be expected in ferroelectric BiFeO(3) thin films under strain, where the magnetic cycloid is suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ramazanoglu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Kothapalli K, Ronning F, Bauer ED, Schultz AJ, Nakotte H. Single-crystal neutron diffraction studies on Ni-based metal-pnictide superconductor BaNi2As2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/251/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
In mammals, the Y-linked SRY gene is normally responsible for testis induction, yet testis development can occur in the absence of Y-linked genes, including SRY. The canine model of SRY-negative XX sex reversal could lead to the discovery of novel genes in the mammalian sex determination pathway. The autosomal genes causing testis induction in this disorder in dogs, humans, pigs, and horses are presently unknown. In goats, a large deletion is responsible for sex reversal linked to the polled (hornless) phenotype. However, this region has been excluded as being causative of the canine disorder, as have WT1 and DMRT1 in more recent studies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether microsatellite marker alleles near or within five candidate genes (GATA4, FOG2, LHX1, SF1, SOX9) are associated with the affected phenotype in a pedigree of canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal. Primer sequences flanking nucleotide repeats were designed within genomic sequences of canine candidate gene homologues. Fluorescence-labeled polymorphic markers were used to screen a subset of the multigenerational pedigree, and marker alleles were determined by software. Our results indicate that the mutation causing canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal in this pedigree is unlikely to be located in regions containing these candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kothapalli
- J. A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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