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Campanili PRB, Sarturi JO, Ballou MA, Trojan SJ, Sugg JD, Ovinge LA, Alrumaih AU, Pellarin LA, Hoffman AA. Effects of silage type and inclusion level on ruminal characteristics and feeding behavior of steers fed finishing diets. J Anim Sci 2018; 95:4623-4637. [PMID: 29108041 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbred beef steers fitted with a ruminal cannula were used to study the effects of silage type (BH 8895 corn or AF7401 sorghum) and level of inclusion (10 or 20%) in beef cattle finishing diets on digestibility of nutrients, ruminal kinetics, in vitro methane production, and feeding behavior. A 4 × 6 unbalanced Latin square design was used (6 steers; 363 ± 23 kg; 4 diets: corn silage [CS] or sorghum silage [SS], both at 10 or 20% inclusion, DM basis). Each period consisted of 14 d of adaptation and 7 d of collection. Steers were fed once daily at 1000 h. An additional study evaluated the ruminal degradability of intact ensiled sorghum grain ruminally incubated in 3 steers (547 ± 56 kg BW), using the same hybrids from the main study from 10 laboratory experimental silos. The GLIMMIX procedures of SAS were used for statistical analyses. Steers fed SS had greater NDF intake ( < 0.01) compared with the ones fed CS. The magnitude of the NDF intake change depended on the level of inclusion ( < 0.01), which was 6 and 16% for 10 and 20% inclusion, respectively. Regardless the level of inclusion, CS diets promoted greater ( ≤ 0.01) apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients evaluated (DM, OM, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, and starch) compared with SS diets. Steers fed SS diets tended to chew 1.1 h/d more ( = 0.07) than steers fed CS diets. The level of inclusion increased ( = 0.02) the chewing time per day by 1.3 h. No major differences were observed in any of the ruminal pH and in vitro gas production variables evaluated for silage type and inclusion level ( ≥ 0.09). The CS-fed steers had 12% greater total VFA concentration and an 18.5% lower ( < 0.01) acetate-to-propionate ratio compared with SS-fed steers. The acetate-to-propionate ratio was 16% greater ( < 0.01) when steers were fed SS compared with when steers were fed CS. The CS samples were more extensively ruminally degraded ( < 0.01) than the SS samples. Greater ( < 0.01) NDF ruminal disappearance was observed in ruminal environments containing 20% silage compared with those containing 10% silage. After 96 h inside the rumen, intact ensiled sorghum grain degradability of DM reached only 51.7%. Replacing CS with SS in beef finishing diets (low roughage inclusion) requires adjustments to balance dietary energy. Sorghum material induced a desirable roughage effect in feeding behavior but also offered the potential for improved regarding fiber digestibility and intact grain ruminal degradability.
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Ovinge LA, Hilscher FH, Bittner CJ, Boyd BM, Wilson HC, Jolly-Breithaupt ML, MacDonald JC, Erickson GE. 424 Effects of Kernel Processing of Corn Silage with and without the Brown Midrib Trait on Nutrient Digestion By Finishing Steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - B M Boyd
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
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Ovinge LA, Hilscher FH, Bittner CJ, Boyd BM, Anderson JN, Erickson GE. 148 Effects of Kernel Processing of Corn Silage with and without the Brown Midrib Trait on Finishing Performance of Steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - B M Boyd
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
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Ovinge LA, Hilscher FH, Boyd BM, Klopfenstein TJ, Anderson JN, Erickson GE. 423 Effects of Varying Inclusions of Corn Silage and Hybrid on Finishing Performance of Steers. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B M Boyd
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
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Alrumaih A, Sarturi JO, Ballou MA, Lemos BJM, Sugg JD, Campanili PRB, Ovinge LA, Pellarin LA. 606 Dry-rolled corn reconstitution ssing sorghum silage. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kondratovich LB, Sarturi JO, Ballou MA, Sugg D, Campanili PRB, Reis BQ, Melo ACB, Pellarin LA, Ovinge LA. 552 Effects of fibrolytic enzyme on in-vitro true digestibility of by-products commonly fed to cattle. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Reis BQ, Carvalho RF, Sarturi JO, Campanili PRB, Pellarin LA, Ovinge LA. 554 Effects of Eucalyptus citriodora oil on beef cattle ruminal fermentation characteristics on continuous culture system. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Alrumaih A, Sarturi JO, Xu W, Ballou MA, Lemos BJM, Sugg JD, Campanili PRB, Ovinge LA, Pellarin LA. 607 Effects of irrigation levels of corn silage hybrids on nutrient profile and in vitro disappearances. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ovinge LA, Sarturi JO, Galyean ML, Campanili PRB, Pellarin LA. 1529 Effect of live yeast fed to natural-program beef steers during the finishing phase. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ovinge LA, Sarturi JO, Campanili PRB, Lemos BJM, Bernhard BC, Pettit D. 1413 Cotton burrs as alternative roughage to adapt beef steers to steam-flaked corn-based finisher diet. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Campanili PRB, Sarturi JO, Trojan SJ, Ballou MA, Lemos BJM, Ovinge LA, Mayorquin JBG. 1425 Effects of growing system and silage type on feedlot growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility of beef steers. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Campanili PRB, Sarturi JO, Trojan SJ, Ballou MA, Pellarin LA, Sugg JD, Ovinge LA, Alrumaih A, Hoffman AA. 1495 Effects of silage type and inclusion level on ruminal characteristics and feeding behavior of feedlot steers. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pellarin LA, Sarturi JO, Campanili PRB, Ovinge LA, Bernhard BC, Johnson BJ, Brooks JC, Hellman EW. 1556 Effects of red grape pomace to adapt beef cattle to finishing diets and spoilage mitigation strategies. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Opheim TL, Campanili PRB, Lemos BJM, Ovinge LA, Baggerman JO, McCuistion KC, Galyean ML, Sarturi JO, Trojan SJ. Biofuel feedstock and blended coproducts compared with deoiled corn distillers grains in feedlot diets: Effects on cattle growth performance, apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:227-39. [PMID: 26812329 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbred steers (British × Continental; = 192; initial BW 391 ± 28 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of feeding ethanol coproducts on feedlot cattle growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics. Steers were blocked by initial BW and assigned randomly to 1 of 6 dietary treatments within block. Treatments (replicated in 8 pens with 4 steers/pen) included 1) control, steam-flaked corn-based diet (CTL), 2) corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DGS; DRY-C), 3) deoiled corn dried DGS (DRY-CLF), 4) blended 50/50 corn/sorghum dried DGS (DRY-C/S), 5) sorghum dried DGS (DRY-S), and 6) sorghum wet DGS (WET-S). Inclusion of DGS was 25% (DM basis). The DGS diets were isonitrogenous, CTL was formulated for 13.5% CP, and all diets were balanced for ether extract. Final shrunk BW, ADG, and DMI did not differ among CTL and DGS treatments ( ≥ 0.19). Overall G:F did not differ from CTL for DRY-C, DRY-CLF, or WET-S ( ≥ 0.12); however, G:F was 9.6% less for DRY-S compared with CTL ( < 0.01) and tended ( = 0.09) to be less for DRY-C/S than CTL. For grain source, ADG and G:F were less for DRY-S vs. DRY-C ( < 0.05), but blending DRY-C/S tended ( = 0.07) to increase ADG and increased ( = 0.05) carcass-adjusted G:F vs. DRY-S. For WET-S, final BW and ADG were greater ( < 0.05), and G:F tended ( = 0.06) to be greater than for DRY-S. There was no difference in ADG, DMI, or G:F of steers fed DRY-C vs. DRY-CLF ( ≥ 0.35). Apparent DM and OM digestibility did not differ for CTL, DRY-C, DRY-CLF, and WET-S ( ≥ 0.30) but were lower for DRY-C/S and DRY-S ( < 0.05). Nutrient digestibility was lower for DRY-S vs. DRY-C ( < 0.01), but apparent digestibility of OM, DM, NDF, ADF, CP, ether extract, and starch were increased ( < 0.01) for DRY-C/S vs. DRY-S. Although starch digestibility did not differ between DRY-S and WET-S ( 0.18), digestibility of other measured nutrients was greater for WET-S vs. DRY-S ( < 0.01). Ether extract digestibility was greater for DRY-CLF vs. DRY-C ( < 0.05). Carcass weight, dressing percent, and marbling score did not differ between CTL and DGS diets ( ≥ 0.23). For DRY-S, HCW was lower than for DRY-C ( = 0.02); however, compared with DRY-S, HCW tended to be greater for DRY-C/S ( = 0.10) and WET-S ( = 0.07). At a moderately high (25% DM) inclusion, blending C/S or feeding WET-S resulted in cattle growth performance and carcass characteristics similar to those of CTL and corn-based coproducts.
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