Virtual reality to improve patient information and reduce anxiety towards atrial fibrillation ablation in times of remote patient care (and after)

Funding Acknowledgements

Type of funding sources: None.

Background. Nowadays frequently deployed invasive catheter ablation therapy in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) is unfortunately associated with distress such as preoperative anxiety. Improving preoperative patient information may lower anxiety towards AF ablation procedures.

Purpose. To evaluate whether a lifelike 360˚ virtual reality (VR) patient information video decreases anxiety levels and improves patient preparation towards AF ablation as compared to standard preoperative patient information.

Methods. Consecutive patients planned for AF ablation were recruited from the outpatient AF clinic and were randomized into two groups: the control group and the intervention group (VR group). The control group received standard preoperative information through oral counselling and information leaflets, the VR group received the standard information as well as a short dedicated 360˚ VR video (via in-hospital VR headset and disposable cardboard VR glasses for home use). Online questionnaires (aimed at information provision, anxiety and procedural experience) were administered both pre- and post-ablation.

Results. A total of 103 patients (39.8% female, age 64 [58-71] years) were included in the analysis. The VR group (n = 58) reported to be clearly better informed about catheterization laboratory environment (78% vs. 73%) and the course of the procedure (82% vs. 78%), indicated fewer concerns about the procedure (47% vs. 55%) and were eager to learn even more (82% vs. 74%) as compared to controls (n = 45). However, there was no significant difference in the anxiety scores between the VR group and controls (10 [8-12] vs. 10 [8-14], p = 0.548). Home use of the video was satisfactory and resulted in discussion with relatives. Patient overall satisfaction was higher in VR group as compared to controls (84% vs. 81%).

Conclusions. This study shows that a dedicated 360˚ VR video reduces concerns but does not reduce anxiety scores. Though, it easily improves procedural knowledge, patient information and patient satisfaction. Especially in times of remote patient care, this new way of informing patients may be of added value.