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Gu M, Cosenza G, Gaspa G, Iannaccone M, Macciotta NPP, Chemello G, Di Stasio L, Pauciullo A. Sequencing of lipoprotein lipase gene in the Mediterranean river buffalo identified novel variants affecting gene expression. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6374-6382. [PMID: 32418698 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a key enzyme for lipid metabolism, playing a fundamental role in the composition of fat in adipose tissue and milk. The LPL gene has been seldom investigated in dairy ruminants and barely studied in river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). The aim of this work was to explore the genetic diversity of LPL and its promoter and to identify functional mutations, using a combined approach based on sequencing, dual-color electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and quantitative PCR. Thirteen consensus sequences for transcription factors were found in the promoter. Eleven SNP were detected, and the attention was focused on the SNP with potential functional effects: g.-446A>G, because the presence of G created a consensus motif for the transcription factor Sp1, and g.107A>G, which was the only exonic SNP. We developed PCR-RFLP methods for genotyping the 2 SNP and calculated the allele frequencies. A strong linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1; r2 = 0.903) was found between the 2 SNP. The dual-color electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated that only genotype g.-446GG allowed the binding of the Sp1 transcription factor, resulting in overexpression of the gene (~2.5 fold), as confirmed by the quantitative PCR results. Haploinsufficiency is proposed as a regulation mechanism. This study adds further knowledge on the structure of the LPL gene and its expression in river buffalo, with potential effects on milk qualitative and quantitative production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gu
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; School of Life Science, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - G Cosenza
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - G Gaspa
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - M Iannaccone
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - N P P Macciotta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - G Chemello
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - L Di Stasio
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - A Pauciullo
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; National Research Council of Italy, Istituto per il Sistema Produzione Animale in Ambiente Mediterraneo, Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetic and Gene Mapping, 80147 Naples, Italy.
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Gu M, Cosenza G, Iannaccone M, Macciotta NPP, Guo Y, Di Stasio L, Pauciullo A. The single nucleotide polymorphism g.133A>C in the stearoyl CoA desaturase gene (SCD) promoter affects gene expression and quali-quantitative properties of river buffalo milk. J Dairy Sci 2018; 102:442-451. [PMID: 30391181 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene has been investigated in depth in ruminants because of its effect on milk fat composition. In river buffalo, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) g.133A>C in the gene promoter has been associated with milk quality and yield. However, the biological reason for such effects remains unexplored. In this study, we combined mRNA profile analysis, an electromobility shift assay, and quantitative PCR to elucidate the role of this SNP on gene transcription and its effects on milk fat traits. A preliminary genotyping of g.133A>C was carried out on a group of 303 river buffaloes to choose individuals for the downstream applications. Analysis of allele frequencies showed an increase in the minor allele C (0.25) compared with previous findings (0.16). Six animals (2 for each genotype) were chosen for cloning and 216 positive cDNA recombinant clones for SCD (72 per genotype) were analyzed by PCR. All clones showed the same length on agarose gel; therefore, random clones were chosen for sequencing. No qualitative differences were found and all gene transcripts assembled correctly. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay was performed to evaluate the binding of the transcription factor Sp1 to DNA sequences including g.133A>C. Genotype CC showed a higher binding (mean ± standard error of the mean) than genotype AA in 2 different conditions [Enzo buffer (EB), Enzo Life Science Inc., Farmingdale, NY: 201.77 ± 4.06 vs. 141.65 ± 3.77 band intensity values and Poletto buffer (PB): 95.90 ± 1.15 vs. 67.30 ± 2.14 band intensity values]. The subsequent quantitative PCR confirmed the upregulation of the CC genotype compared with the AA and AC genotypes. The association study with milk fat traits revealed a favorable effect of allele C. The heterozygous genotype had the highest values for monounsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid (C18:1 cis-9), polyunsaturated fatty acids, and odd- and branched-chain fatty acids, and the lowest values for saturated fatty acids and atherogenic and thrombogenic indices; the heterozygous genotype differed significantly from the AA genotype. The AC genotype has previously been associated with higher milk yield. Therefore, the g.133A>C SNP is a marker with dual effects and is an interesting candidate for assisted selection programs in river buffalo. These data clarified the biological role of the SNP g.133A>C in the SCD promoter and how it affects gene function, providing important knowledge on the genetic background of lipid metabolism, including the future possibility of selecting alleles with quantitatively or qualitatively favorable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gu
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy; College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - G Cosenza
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - M Iannaccone
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - N P P Macciotta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Y Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - L Di Stasio
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - A Pauciullo
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
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Gu M, Cosenza G, Nicolae I, Bota A, Guo Y, Di Stasio L, Pauciullo A. Transcript analysis at DGAT1 reveals different mRNA profiles in river buffaloes with extreme phenotypes for milk fat. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:8265-8276. [PMID: 28780112 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Buffalo DGAT1 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1) was mainly investigated for the characterization of the gene itself and for the identification of the K232A polymorphism, similar to what has been accomplished in cattle, although no information has been reported so far at the mRNA level. The importance of DGAT1 for lipid metabolism led us to investigate the transcript profiles of lactating buffaloes characterized as high (9.13 ± 0.23) and low (7.94 ± 0.29) for milk fat percentage, and to explore the genetic diversity at the RNA and DNA level. A total of 336 positive clones for the DGAT1 cDNA were analyzed by PCR and chosen for sequencing according to the differences in length. The clone assembling revealed a very complex mRNA pattern with a total of 21 transcripts differently represented in the 2 groups of animals. Apart from the correct transcript (17 exons long), the skipping of exon 12 is the most significant in terms of distribution of clones with 11.6% difference between the 2 groups, whereas a totally different mRNA profile was found in approximately 12% of clones. The sequencing of genomic DNA allowed the identification of 10 polymorphic sites at the intron level, which clarify, at least partially, the genetic events behind the production of complex mRNA. Genetic diversity was found also at the exon level. The single nucleotide polymorphism c.1053C>T represents the first example of polymorphism in a coding region for the DGAT1 in the Italian Mediterranean breed. To establish whether this polymorphism is present in other buffalo breeds, a quick method based on PCR-RFLP was set up for allelic discrimination in the Italian Mediterranean and the Romanian Murrah (200 animals in total). The alleles were equally represented in the overall population, whereas the analysis of the 2 breeds showed different frequencies, likely indicating diverse genetic structure of the 2 breeds. The T allele might be considered as the ancestral condition of the DGAT1 gene, being present in the great part of the sequenced species. These data add knowledge at the transcript and genetic levels for the buffalo DGAT1 and open the opportunity for further investigation of other genes involved in milk fat metabolism for the river buffalo, including the future possibility of selecting alleles with quantitative or qualitative favorable effects (or both).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gu
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy; College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - G Cosenza
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - I Nicolae
- Research and Development Institute for Bovine Breeding, Balotesti, 077015 Bucharest, Romania
| | - A Bota
- Research and Development Station for Buffalo Breeding, 507195 Şercaia, Romania
| | - Y Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - L Di Stasio
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - A Pauciullo
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
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Duranti E, Bolla P, Caroli A, Chiofalo L, Stasio LD, Fortina R, Martini M, Piccolo V, Zullo A. Problems concerning ovine milk clotting aptitude. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2003.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Grosclaude F, Mahé MF, Brignon G, Di Stasio L, Jeunet R. A Mendelian polymorphism underlying quantitative variations of goat α(s1)-casein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:399-412. [PMID: 22879295 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9686-19-4-399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Polymorphism was detected at ND1, ND6, D-loop and cyt b segments of mtDNA in 105 tench (Tinca tinca L.), using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and five composite haplotypes were identified. The diversity indices and the results of the population comparisons revealed that the identified markers provide a powerful tool for further studies on this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lo Presti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Torino, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
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Abstract
132 blood samples and 54 milk samples obtained from Somali camel were analysed for red blood cell antigens with the cattle reagents and for Hb, Ca, X proteins, Tf, Alb, Am, SOD, alpha-La, beta-Lg and casein systems respectively. Positive lytic reactions were obtained with the anti-B, -Q, -Q', -W, -F1 and -J reagents. No biochemical polymorphism was observed except for Hb, X protein and beta-Lg systems.
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Sartore S, Barbieri V, Rasero R, Sacchi P, Di Stasio L, Sartore G. Analysis of genetic variation in Agerolese cattle breed. Biochem Genet 2008; 43:485-90. [PMID: 16341764 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-005-8164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2004] [Accepted: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sartore
- Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Epidemiologia ed Ecologia, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Stasio
- Dipartimento Scienze Zootecniche, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Lisa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Torino, Italy
| | - S. Sartore
- Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Epidemiologia e Ecologia, Università di Torino, Italy
| | - L. Di Stasio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Torino, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Stasio
- Dipartimento Scienze Zootecniche, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy.
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Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) exerts its effects on growth and metabolism by interacting with a specific receptor (GHR) on the surface of the target cells. Therefore, GHR has been suggested as candidate gene for traits related to meat production in cattle. The aim of the study was to analyse the polymorphism at position 257 in exon 10 of the GHR gene and investigate relationships with 14 in vivo traits and four meat characteristics in Piemontese animals. The biallelic polymorphism already described was detected using a new PCR procedure. The statistical analysis did not show significant gene substitution effects on growth, size and meat conformation traits. As for meat characteristics, a significant gene substitution of GHR(A) over GHR(G) was observed for drip losses at day 3, with the allele GHR(A) associated with higher values. A significant dominance effect was also observed for this trait. Further investigations in other breeds will be useful for better understanding information on the effect of this GHR polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Stasio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Facoltà di Agraria, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
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Di Stasio L, Brugiapaglia A, Destefanis G, Albera A, Sartore S. GH1 as candidate gene for variability of meat production traits in Piemontese cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0388.2003.00406.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and the Pit-1 transcription factor have been shown to be involved in the physiological mechanisms related to growth. The present study was carried out to investigate the possible association of the polymorphism at GH1 and POU1F1 loci with meat production traits in Piemontese cattle. Fourteen traits were considered, expressing growth (weight at 5, 7 and 11 months, daily gain), size [withers height (WH), trunk length (TL), chest girth (CG) at 12 months] and meat conformation [withers width (WW), shoulder muscularity (SM), loin width (LW), loin thickness (LT), thigh muscularity (TM), thigh profile (TP), bone thinness (BT)]. Data were analysed with a mixed model procedure to estimate the allele substitution and the dominance effects. The results did not provide evidence of association of GH1 and POU1F1 polymorphisms with the evaluated traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Stasio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Facoltà di Agraria, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
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Giaccone P, Di Stasio L, Macciotta NP, Portolano B, Todaro M, Cappio-Borlino A. Effect of beta-lactoglobulin polymorphism on milk-related traits of dairy ewes analysed by a repeated measures design. J DAIRY RES 2000; 67:443-8. [PMID: 11037240 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029900004210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Among specific genes that may affect economically important traits in sheep, the
β-lactoglobulin (LGB) locus has been extensively studied. Polymorphism has been
detected in several breeds, but studies of the effect of LGB alleles on milk production
traits have given conflicting results. Some found that LGB polymorphism
significantly affects milk yield (Bolla et al. 1989; Herget et al. 1995; Fraghì et al.
1996), fat and protein content (Garzon & Martínez 1992; Giaccone et al. 1997;
Kukovics et al. 1998), only fat content (Pirisi et al. 1998) and cheese yield and
composition (Di Stasio et al. 1997; Rampilli et al. 1997). However, other studies failed
to detect any effect of the gene on milk production traits (Barillet et al. 1993; Recio
et al. 1997). These inconsistencies, similar to those reported for dairy cattle, can be
explained by breed differences, population size, frequency distribution of the genetic
variants and a failure to consider relationships among animals (Sabour et al. 1996).Moreover, both the production data considered and the methods used for
statistical analysis could be further causes of conflicting results (Ng-Kwai-Hang,
1997). Investigations of the relationships between milk protein polymorphism and
milk production usually consider accumulated yields for standardized lactation
lengths, assuming that environmental effects average out over a lactation. Such an
assumption is not always valid, because there can be marked effects peculiar to
individual test day (TD) measures that may not average out (Jamrozik & Schaeffer,
1997). The direct modelling of TD measures offers the advantage of a more accurate
removal of environmental variation from phenotypic observations (Stanton et al.
1992). However, particular attention to the temporal dependence of the covariance
structure among TD is required. In TD analysis performed by mixed linear models
a simple covariance structure, known as compound symmetry, is usually assumed.
This structure assumes an equal variance for all TD and an equal correlation between
all pairs of TD within each lactation. An initial drawback of this assumption arises
because of the heterogeneity of variance throughout lactation. Moreover, since TD
values within a lactation are a sequence of repeated measures taken on the same
experimental unit (Van der Werf & Schaeffer, 1997), measures close in time are likely
to be more highly correlated than measures far apart in time. All these potential
patterns of correlation and variation may combine to produce a complicated
structure of covariance among TD that, when ignored, may result in inadequate
analysis or incorrect conclusions (Littel et al. 1998). In particular, there can be
marked differences in the estimates of the fixed factors considered in the analysis;
such a bias is enhanced when the data structure is highly unbalanced, as in the case
of studies on relationships between milk protein polymorphisms and milk production
traits.A possible solution can be found in the property of mixed linear models to assume
different (co)variance structures in order to find the one that best fits experimental
data. The aim of the present study was to test the possible influence of the statistical
model used on the results when the relationships between β-lactoglobulin
polymorphism and milk production traits in dairy ewes were analysed. With this aim
in view, TD measures were directly modelled with mixed linear models and the
effects of alternative (co)variance structures on fixed factors estimates were
compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Giaccone
- Istituto di Zootecnica Generale, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italia
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Di Stasio L, Rasero R, Fiandra P, Giaccone P. Polymorphism of erythrocyte malic enzyme in the goat. Anim Genet 1995; 26:275-6. [PMID: 7661400 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.1995.tb03255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three electrophoretic variants of erythrocyte malic enzyme (ME) in goats were reported. Inheritance data indicate that they are controlled by codominant alleles. The allele frequencies in four Mediterranean populations are given.
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Rasero R, Di Stasio L, Berra GP. Polymorphism of erythrocyte glucosephosphate isomerase in sheep. Anim Genet 1993; 24:63-4. [PMID: 8498714 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.1993.tb00921.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
An electrophoretic analysis of glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) in seven Italian sheep populations suggests that this locus is more polymorphic than previously supposed. The observed phenotype distributions are in agreement with the hypothesis of the existence of three codominant alleles, GPI*F, GPI*S and GPI*N, GPI*S being the most frequent (0.935 divided by 1.000).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rasero
- Dipartimento di Produzioni animali, Epidemiologia ed Ecologia, Turin, Italy
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Andresen E, Broad T, Di Stasio L, Dolling CHS, Hill D, Huston K, Larsen B, Lauvergne JJ, Levéziel H, Malher X, Millar P, Rae AL, Renieri C, Tucker EM. Procedures for listing loci and alleles of ruminants: 1991 proposals. Genetics Selection Evolution 1992. [PMCID: PMC2711157 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9686-24-3-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
Samples of goat milk with low and high alpha S1-casein content collected from animals of Alpine and Saanen breeds in the same stage of lactation were compared for coagulation properties (coagulation time, rate of curd formation, curd firmness) and chemical composition (total solids, ash, total protein, total casein, whey protein, fat, Ca, P, pH). Milk with low alpha S1-casein had a faster coagulation time, whereas milk with high levels produced the firmer curd associated with a better chemical composition. Within high alpha S1-casein milk, comparison between breeds showed milk from the Alpine breed had significantly better coagulation properties than that from the Saanen breed. Milk composition accounted for 27% of the variation in coagulation time, 21% of variation in cured formation rate, and 54% of variation in curd firmness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ambrosoli
- Instituto di Microbiologia ed Industrie Agrarie Via Pietro Giuria, Torino
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Di Stasio L. [Continuous block of gasserian ganglion: description of a technic]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 1982; 1:331-3. [PMID: 7165149 DOI: 10.1016/s0750-7658(82)80051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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