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Faillace L, Alesini D, Bisogni G, Bosco F, Carillo M, Cirrone P, Cuttone G, De Arcangelis D, De Gregorio A, Di Martino F, Favaudon V, Ficcadenti L, Francescone D, Franciosini G, Gallo A, Heinrich S, Migliorati M, Mostacci A, Palumbo L, Patera V, Patriarca A, Pensavalle J, Perondi F, Remetti R, Sarti A, Spataro B, Torrisi G, Vannozzi A, Giuliano L. Perspectives in linear accelerator for FLASH VHEE: Study of a compact C-band system. Phys Med 2022; 104:149-159. [PMID: 36427487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to translate the FLASH effect in clinical use and to treat deep tumors, Very High Electron Energy irradiations could represent a valid technique. Here, we address the main issues in the design of a VHEE FLASH machine. We present preliminary results for a compact C-band system aiming to reach a high accelerating gradient and high current necessary to deliver a Ultra High Dose Rate with a beam pulse duration of 3μs. METHODS The proposed system is composed by low energy high current injector linac followed by a high acceleration gradient structure able to reach 60-160 MeV energy range. To obtain the maximum energy, an energy pulse compressor options is considered. CST code was used to define the specifications RF parameters of the linac. To optimize the accelerated current and therefore the delivered dose, beam dynamics simulations was performed using TSTEP and ASTRA codes. RESULTS The VHEE parameters Linac suitable to satisfy FLASH criteria were simulated. Preliminary results allow to obtain a maximum energy of 160 MeV, with a peak current of 200 mA, which corresponds to a charge of 600 nC. CONCLUSIONS A promising preliminary design of VHEE linac for FLASH RT has been performed. Supplementary studies are on going to complete the characterization of the machine and to manufacture and test the RF prototypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Faillace
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy.
| | - D Alesini
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy
| | - G Bisogni
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Bosco
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - M Carillo
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - P Cirrone
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
| | - G Cuttone
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
| | - D De Arcangelis
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - A De Gregorio
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy; Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - F Di Martino
- U.O. Fisica Sanitaria, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Favaudon
- Institut Curie, Paris-Saclay University, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021/UMR3347, Orsay, France
| | - L Ficcadenti
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - D Francescone
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - G Franciosini
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy; Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - A Gallo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy
| | - S Heinrich
- Institut Curie, Paris-Saclay University, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021/UMR3347, Orsay, France
| | - M Migliorati
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - A Mostacci
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - L Palumbo
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - V Patera
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - A Patriarca
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Proton Therapy Centre, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
| | - J Pensavalle
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Perondi
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - R Remetti
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - A Sarti
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
| | - B Spataro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy
| | - G Torrisi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
| | - A Vannozzi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy
| | - L Giuliano
- SBAI Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; INFN Sezione di Roma, Italy
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Giuliano L, Franciosini G, Dutreix M, Faillace L, Felici G, Migliorati M, Mostacci A, Palumbo L, Patriarca A, Favaudon V, Heinrich S. S-BAND LOW ENERGY LINEAR ACCELERATOR FOR FLASH IRRADIATION. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Felici G, Galante F, Barone S, Di Francesco M, Grasso L, Pacitti M, Patera V, Sarti A, Fischetti M, Trigilio A, Toppi M, Traini G, Palumbo L, Faillace L, Mostacci A, Migliorati M, Giuliano L, Schiavi A, Marafini M, De Simoni M, Battistoni G, Di Martino F, Franciosini G, Paiar F, Linsalata S. A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON RADIATION PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR A FLASH IOERT LINAC. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01669-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Faillace L, Alesini D, Cuttone G, Favaudon V, Heinrich S, Giuliano L, Mostacci A, Palumbo L, Patera V, Patriarca A, Torrisi G, Migliorati M. FLASH Modalities Track (Oral Presentations) PERSPECTIVES IN LINEAR ACCELERATOR FOR FLASH VHEE : STUDY OF A COMPACT C BAND SYSTEM. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kutsaev S, Agustsson R, Arodzero A, Berry R, Bezhanov A, Boucher S, Chimalpopoca O, Diego A, Faillace L, Gavryushkin D, Harrison M, Hartzell J, McNevin J, Ruelas M, Yu. Smirnov A, Verma A, Woods K. Compact X-Band Electron Linac for Radiotherapy and Security Applications. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021; 185:109494. [PMID: 33935382 PMCID: PMC8081273 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RadiaBeam has developed a 6 MeV accelerator that is compact and light enough to be placed on a robotic arm or light truck. The main drivers of size and weight in conventional accelerators are the power source and the shielding. Small dimensions are enabled by operation at 9.3 GHz frequency (X-band), which allows reducing the size and weight of all accelerator components. Thanks to the robust design of the accelerating structure, the accelerator can be used as a source for novel cargo inspection and radiotherapy techniques. In this paper, we present the linac design and its components, as well the results of the experimental demonstration of beam acceleration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.V. Kutsaev
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - R. Agustsson
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Arodzero
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - R. Berry
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Bezhanov
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - S. Boucher
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - O. Chimalpopoca
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Diego
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - L. Faillace
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - D. Gavryushkin
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - M. Harrison
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - J.J. Hartzell
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - J. McNevin
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - M. Ruelas
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Yu. Smirnov
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Verma
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - K. Woods
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
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Woods K, Harrison M, Boucher S, McNevin J, Kutsaev S, Faillace L, Sheng K. TH-EF-BRB-07: Novel Hardware and Software Platform for Intermediate Energy 4π Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Musumeci P, Faillace L, Fukasawa A, Moody JT, O'Shea B, Rosenzweig JB, Scoby CM. Novel radio-frequency gun structures for ultrafast relativistic electron diffraction. Microsc Microanal 2009; 15:290-297. [PMID: 19575830 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927609090412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Radio-frequency (RF) photoinjector-based relativistic ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is a promising new technique that has the potential to probe structural changes at the atomic scale with sub-100 fs temporal resolution in a single shot. We analyze the limitations on the temporal and spatial resolution of this technique considering the operating parameters of a standard 1.6 cell RF gun (which is the RF photoinjector used for the first experimental tests of relativistic UED at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center; University of California, Los Angeles; Brookhaven National Laboratory), and study the possibility of employing novel RF structures to circumvent some of these limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Musumeci
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 475 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA.
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Abstract
Chronic alcoholics were given the opportunity to drink up to 24 oz. of 95 proof alcohol every day for 17 to 20 days. If they drank 5 oz. or less they remained in the enriched environment, and if they exceeded this limit, they were in an impoverished environment. The results indicate that moderate drinking by chronic alcoholics is possible, when continuous heavy drinking is a possible alternative behavior. These data provide further support for moderate drinking as a feasible therapeutic goal for alcoholics.
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Walder AI, Redding JS, Faillace L, Steenburg RW. Rapid detoxification of the acute alcoholic with hemodialysis. Surgery 1969; 66:201-7. [PMID: 5788375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Snyder SH, Faillace L, Hollister L. 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine: new hallucinogenic drug. Science 1968; 159:1492. [PMID: 5732495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Abstract
We have assessed the effects in normal control volunteers of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine, the chemical present in the hallucinogenic drug STP, in two independent trials. In low doses, this compound produces a mild euphoria. Doses greater than 3 milligrams may cause pronounced hallucinogenic effects lasting about 8 hours and similar to those produced by hallucinogenic doses of lysergic acid diethylamide, mescaline, and psilocybin. 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methyl-amphetamine, which is chemically related to mescaline and amphetamine, is about 100 times more potent as a hallucinogen than mescaline and only one-thirtieth as potent as lysergic acid diethylamide. Its psychological effects are not accentuated by chlorpromazine.
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