1
|
Jingliang M, Wang K, Murahari P, Yokoyama K, Lord JS, Pratt FL, He J, Schulz L, Willis M, Anthony JE, Morley NA, Nuccio L, Misquitta A, Dunstan DJ, Shimomura K, Watanabe I, Zhang S, Heathcote P, Drew AJ. Reply to: On the observation of photo-excitation effects in molecules using muon spin spectroscopy. Nat Mater 2022; 21:1110. [PMID: 33972763 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Jingliang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - K Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - P Murahari
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - K Yokoyama
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
| | - J S Lord
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
| | - F L Pratt
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
| | - J He
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - L Schulz
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - M Willis
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - J E Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - N A Morley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - L Nuccio
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - A Misquitta
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - D J Dunstan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - K Shimomura
- Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center, Tokai, Japan
| | | | - S Zhang
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - P Heathcote
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - A J Drew
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang K, Murahari P, Yokoyama K, Lord JS, Pratt FL, He J, Schulz L, Willis M, Anthony JE, Morley NA, Nuccio L, Misquitta A, Dunstan DJ, Shimomura K, Watanabe I, Zhang S, Heathcote P, Drew AJ. Temporal mapping of photochemical reactions and molecular excited states with carbon specificity. Nat Mater 2017; 16:467-473. [PMID: 27941808 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions are essential to a large number of important industrial and biological processes. A method for monitoring photochemical reaction kinetics and the dynamics of molecular excitations with spatial resolution within the active molecule would allow a rigorous exploration of the pathway and mechanism of photophysical and photochemical processes. Here we demonstrate that laser-excited muon pump-probe spin spectroscopy (photo-μSR) can temporally and spatially map these processes with a spatial resolution at the single-carbon level in a molecule with a pentacene backbone. The observed time-dependent light-induced changes of an avoided level crossing resonance demonstrate that the photochemical reactivity of a specific carbon atom is modified as a result of the presence of the excited state wavefunction. This demonstrates the sensitivity and potential of this technique in probing molecular excitations and photochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - P Murahari
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - K Yokoyama
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - J S Lord
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - F L Pratt
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - J He
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - L Schulz
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - M Willis
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - J E Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - N A Morley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - L Nuccio
- University of Fribourg, Department of Physics and Fribourg Centre for Nanomaterials, Chemin du Museé 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - A Misquitta
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - D J Dunstan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - K Shimomura
- Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - I Watanabe
- RIKEN-RAL, Nishina Centre, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Zhang
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - P Heathcote
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - A J Drew
- College of Physical Sciences and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London E1 4NS, UK
- ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nuccio L, Willis M, Schulz L, Fratini S, Messina F, D'Amico M, Pratt FL, Lord JS, McKenzie I, Loth M, Purushothaman B, Anthony J, Heeney M, Wilson RM, Hernández I, Cannas M, Sedlak K, Kreouzis T, Gillin WP, Bernhard C, Drew AJ. Importance of spin-orbit interaction for the electron spin relaxation in organic semiconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:216602. [PMID: 23745907 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.216602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great interest organic spintronics has recently attracted, there is only a partial understanding of the fundamental physics behind electron spin relaxation in organic semiconductors. Mechanisms based on hyperfine interaction have been demonstrated, but the role of the spin-orbit interaction remains elusive. Here, we report muon spin spectroscopy and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements on two series of molecular semiconductors in which the strength of the spin-orbit interaction has been systematically modified with a targeted chemical substitution of different atoms at a particular molecular site. We find that the spin-orbit interaction is a significant source of electron spin relaxation in these materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Nuccio
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schulz L, Nuccio L, Willis M, Desai P, Shakya P, Kreouzis T, Malik VK, Bernhard C, Pratt FL, Morley NA, Suter A, Nieuwenhuys GJ, Prokscha T, Morenzoni E, Gillin WP, Drew AJ. Engineering spin propagation across a hybrid organic/inorganic interface using a polar layer. Nat Mater 2011; 10:39-44. [PMID: 21131962 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Spintronics has shown a remarkable and rapid development, for example from the initial discovery of giant magnetoresistance in spin valves to their ubiquity in hard-disk read heads in a relatively short time. However, the ability to fully harness electron spin as another degree of freedom in semiconductor devices has been slower to take off. One future avenue that may expand the spintronic technology base is to take advantage of the flexibility intrinsic to organic semiconductors (OSCs), where it is possible to engineer and control their electronic properties and tailor them to obtain new device concepts. Here we show that we can control the spin polarization of extracted charge carriers from an OSC by the inclusion of a thin interfacial layer of polar material. The electric dipole moment brought about by this layer shifts the OSC highest occupied molecular orbital with respect to the Fermi energy of the ferromagnetic contact. This approach allows us full control of the spin band appropriate for charge-carrier extraction, opening up new spintronic device concepts for future exploitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Schulz
- Department of Physics and Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nuccio L, Agnello S, Boscaino R. Annealing of radiation induced oxygen deficient point defects in amorphous silicon dioxide: evidence for a distribution of the reaction activation energies. J Phys Condens Matter 2008; 20:385215. [PMID: 21693833 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/38/385215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The selective annealing of point defects with different activation energies is studied, by performing sequences of thermal treatments on gamma irradiated silica samples in the temperature range 300-450 °C. Our experiments show that the dependence on time of the concentration of two irradiation induced point defects in silica, named ODC(II) (standing for oxygen deficient centre II) and the E(γ)(') centre, at a given temperature depends on the thermal history of the sample for both of the centres studied; moreover in the long time limit this concentration reaches an asymptotic value that depends on the treatment temperature alone. These results suggest the existence of a distribution of the activation energies of the reaction process responsible for the annealing of the defects investigated, intimately related to the intrinsic disorder of the amorphous lattice. Furthermore, our data show that the thermal treatment can modify this distribution of activation energies and as a consequence the thermal properties of the centre itself.
Collapse
|