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Alves-Silva JM, Zuzarte M, Gonçalves MJ, Cruz MT, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Unveiling the bioactive potential of the essential oil of a Portuguese endemism, Santolina impressa. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 244:112120. [PMID: 31352022 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Santolina species are widely used in traditional medicine in the Mediterranean region for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, digestive, and analgesic properties. S. impressa, a Portuguese endemism, is traditionally recognized for its beneficial anti-inflammatory properties in several gastrointestinal affections and is also used in oropharyngeal infections. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aims to characterize the essential oil of S. impressa growing in Portugal and validate its traditional uses by assessing the anti-inflammatory potential of its essential oil at concentrations without toxicity. The antifungal properties of the oil are also addressed, as well as, the putative mechanism of action underlying these effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS The essential oil was obtained in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia and characterized by GC and GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory potential of the oil was assessed on LPS-stimulated macrophages, through the production of nitric oxide (NO) using the Griess reaction. Putative mechanisms of action included the role of the oil as a NO scavenger, as well as its effect on the expression of two key pro-inflammatory enzymes, iNOS and COX-2 by Western blot analysis. The antifungal effect of the oil was evaluated according to the CLSI guidelines on several yeast and filamentous strains and on two major virulence factors in Candida albicans, namely germ tubes and biofilms. Ultrastructural modifications on dermatophytes were also unveiled by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS S. impressa essential oil was primarily characterized by the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes, being the main compounds β-pinene (22.5%), 1,8-cineole (10.0%), limonene (9.1%), camphor (8.1%) and β-phellandrene (8.0%). A significant decrease (ca 60.0%) in nitrite levels was observed in LPS-stimulated macrophages treated with the oil without affecting cell viability. This effect could be explained by a great reduction on iNOS expression (85.0% inhibition), thus underpinning the anti-inflammatory potential of the oil. The oil also showed a fungicidal effect, being more active against Cryptococcus neoformans, Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophytum rubrum. For these dermatophytes, significant ultrastructural modifications in cell wall structure were detected. Strikingly, for C. albicans, the oil showed a significant anti-infective potential (at 0.07 mg/mL for germ tube inhibition and 0.02 mg/mL for biofilm disruption) before fungal growth inhibition occurred. CONCLUSIONS Our results validate the main traditional use ascribed to S. impressa, namely its anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, an antifungal potential is pointed out, thus corroborating the antimicrobial uses and adding new value to an endemic species poorly recognized by the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Alves-Silva
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal; CIEPQPF and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M Zuzarte
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M J Gonçalves
- CIEPQPF and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M T Cruz
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - C Cavaleiro
- CIEPQPF and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - L Salgueiro
- CIEPQPF and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Health Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Abu-Darwish MS, Cabral C, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Paoli M, Tomi F, Efferth T, Salgueiro L. Ziziphora tenuior L. essential oil from Dana Biosphere Reserve (Southern Jordan); Chemical characterization and assessment of biological activities. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 194:963-970. [PMID: 27815078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGIC RELEVANCE Ziziphora tenuior L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant in Jordan, which is included in various antimicrobial, antiseptic, expectorant and wound healing preparations. It is used for the treatment of cough, stomach ache, dysentery, fever, uterus infection, gut inflammation and painful menstruation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to assess, for the first time, the chemical composition of the essential oil of Z. tenuior originated from southern Jordan and its antifungal effects against several yeasts. Concomitantly, the mechanisms behind the anti-fungal activity against Candida albicans were also disclosed. Since the Z. tenuior traditional uses are related with inflammatory-associated conditions, the putative anti-inflammatory activity of the oil was also unveiled. Importantly, the potential toxicity of pharmacologically active concentrations was screened in different types of mammalian cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Z. tenuior essential oil, isolated by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Antifungal activity was evaluated against yeasts, dermatophytes and Aspergillus strains. Germ tube inhibition and biofilm formation assays were evaluated using C. albicans. Assessment of cell viability was made by the MTT assay using different types of mammalian cells, including hepatocytes, keratinocytes and macrophages. The in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of the oil was evaluated by measuring nitric oxide production using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophages. RESULTS Oxygen-containing monoterpenes are the main oil compounds: pulegone (46.8%), p-menth-3-en-8-ol (12.5%), isomenthone (6.6%) and 8-hydroxymenthone (6.2%). The highest antifungal activity was against Cryptococcus neoformans, with a MIC value of 0.16µL/mL. The oil revealed an important inhibitory effect on germ tube formation with a filamentation inhibition rate higher than 80% at 0.16µL/mL. The amount of the attached biomass was reduced. Importantly, concentrations devoid of toxicity on several mammalian cell types still displayed anti-inflammatory activity (0.16 and 0.32µL/mL). CONCLUSIONS These findings add significant information to the pharmacological activity of Z. tenuior, thus justifying and reinforcing the use of this plant in traditional medicine. Additionally, the antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential of the oil at non-toxic concentrations, opens new avenues for its further exploitation, for instance in health-care product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abu-Darwish
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shouback University College/ Maan College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Cabral
- CNC.IBILI/ Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M J Gonçalves
- CNC.IBILI/ Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Cavaleiro
- CNC.IBILI/ Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M T Cruz
- CNC.IBILI/ Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Paoli
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, 20000 Ajaccio, France
| | - F Tomi
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Equipe Chimie et Biomasse, 20000 Ajaccio, France
| | - T Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Salgueiro
- CNC.IBILI/ Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
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Abu-Darwish MS, Cabral C, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Zulfiqar A, Khan IA, Efferth T, Salgueiro L. Chemical composition and biological activities of Artemisia judaica essential oil from southern desert of Jordan. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 191:161-168. [PMID: 27318275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGIC RELEVANCE Artemisia judaica L. (Arabic name: Beithran), is a medicinal and aromatic plant growing in the valley bottoms of desert areas, particularly in the southern desert of Jordan nearest to the Jordan-Saudi Arabia borders and in Wadi Araba in the Southern Badia. In Jordan, A. judaica is widely used in traditional medicine being recommended by aboriginal Bedouins in the North Badia region of Jordan as calmative. Furthermore, it is used for the treatment of stomach ache, heart diseases, sexual weakness, diabetes, gastro-intestinal disorders and external wounding. Additionally, other folk medicines of the Arabic region commonly use this aromatic plant for the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases, for instance fungal infections, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer and arthritis. AIM OF THE STUDY Considering the traditional medicinal uses and the lack of scientific studies addressing the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind A. judaica claimed activities, the present study was designed to validate some of the traditional uses ascribed to this species, specifically the antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of A. judaica essential oil at doses devoid of cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical analysis of A. judaica essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from aerial parts was carried out by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antifungal activity (minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal lethal concentrations) was evaluated against yeasts, dermatophyte and Aspergillus strains. In order to deeply explore the mechanisms behind the anti-fungal effect of the essential oil, the germ tube inhibition assay and the biofilms formation assay were evaluated using Candida albicans. The assessment of cell viability was accomplished using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in both hepatocytes and macrophages. Furthermore, the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of A. judaica oil was evaluated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophages. RESULTS Oxygen containing monoterpenes are a representative group of constituents (68.7%) with piperitone (30.4%), camphor (16.1%) and ethyl cinnamate (11.0%) as main compounds. The highest antifungal activity of the oil was observed against Cryptococcus neoformans, with a MIC value of 0.16µL/mL. The oil revealed an important inhibitory effect on germ tube formation in C. albicans with 80% inhibition of filamentation at a concentration of 0.16µL/mL. Importantly, the oil also interfered with pre-formed biofilms by reducing the amount of the attached biomass. Furthermore, the essential oil significantly inhibited NO production evoked by LPS on macrophages at concentrations with very low toxicity (0.32µL/mL) or without toxicity (0.16µL/mL) to both macrophages and hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that A. judaica essential oil from Jordan significantly inhibited germ tube formation and disrupted preformed biofilms of C. albicans, emphasizing the therapeutic potential for the treatment of disseminated candidiasis. Additionally, safe concentrations of this essential oil significantly inhibited NO production elicited by LPS in macrophages, highlighting its potential anti-inflammatory activity. Overall, A. judaica bears promising therapeutic potential for further drug development. Importantly, this work also validates some of the traditional uses of A. judaica.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abu-Darwish
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shouback University College/Maan College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan; National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - C Cabral
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M J Gonçalves
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Cavaleiro
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M T Cruz
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ali Zulfiqar
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - I A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - T Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Salgueiro
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Arrue M, García M, Rodriguez-Bengoa MT, Landa JM, Urbieta L, Maiztegui M, Salgueiro L, Belar M, Trecet JC, Lekuona A. Do low-risk nulliparous women with abnormal uterine artery Doppler in the third trimester have poorer perinatal outcomes? A longitudinal prospective study on uterine artery Doppler in low-risk nulliparous women and correlation with pregnancy outcomes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:877-880. [PMID: 27268024 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1190822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate uterine artery (UtA) Doppler over the course of pregnancy in low-risk nulliparous women and to analyze whether an abnormal uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) at a 32-34 week' scan implies poorer perinatal outcomes. METHODS An observational prospective study was carried out including 616 low-risk nulliparous women. Women with any of the following were excluded: fetal abnormalities, multiple pregnancy, and heparin, metformin or hypotensive treatment. Maternal characteristics, mean arterial pressure measurements and UtA Doppler findings were recorded longitudinally. RESULTS Complete pregnancy data were available for 489/616 women (79.3%). Of these, 385 women had a normal UtA-PI throughout pregnancy (Group 0), while 50 (10.1%) had an UtA-PI > 95th percentile in the first or the second trimester that normalized in the third trimester (Group 1), and 56 (11.4%) had an abnormal UtA-PI in the third trimester (Group 2). We found that the rate of pre-eclampsia (PE) was higher in Group 2 (7/56 versus 4/435, p = 0.003) as was the rate of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (6/56 versus 14/435, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Low-risk nulliparous women with abnormal UtA Doppler findings in the third trimester are at a higher risk of developing PE and having a baby with IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arrue
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M García
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M T Rodriguez-Bengoa
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - J M Landa
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - L Urbieta
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M Maiztegui
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - L Salgueiro
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - M Belar
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - J C Trecet
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
| | - A Lekuona
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Donostia University Hospital , San Sebastian , Spain
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Duarte Moreira R, Ribeiro Camargo F, Quílez A, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Educative actions to promote hydration and rational use of herbal teas in pregnancy and lactation. NUTR HOSP 2015; 32 Suppl 2:10292. [PMID: 26615262 DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.sup2.10292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rr Duarte Moreira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciencies. Estatal Paulista University (UNESP). São Paulo. Brasil
| | - F Ribeiro Camargo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciencies. Estatal Paulista University (UNESP). São Paulo. Brasil
| | - Am Quílez
- Departament of Pharmacology. Faculty of Pharmacy. University of Seville. Seville. Spain
| | - C Cavaleiro
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies. Faculty of Pharmacy. University of Coimbra. Coimbra. Portugal
| | - L Salgueiro
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies. Faculty of Pharmacy. University of Coimbra. Coimbra. Portugal
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Abu-Darwish MS, Cabral C, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Cruz MT, Efferth T, Salgueiro L. Artemisia herba-alba essential oil from Buseirah (South Jordan): Chemical characterization and assessment of safe antifungal and anti-inflammatory doses. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 174:153-60. [PMID: 26277492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGIC RELEVANCE Artemisia herba-alba Asso ("desert wormwood" in English; "armoise blanche" in French; "shaih" in Arabic), is a medicinal and strongly aromatic plant widely used in traditional medicine by many cultures since ancient times. It is used to treat inflammatory disorders (colds, coughing, bronchitis, diarrhea), infectious diseases (skin diseases, scabies, syphilis) and others (diabetes, neuralgias). In Jordanian traditional medicine, this plant is used as antiseptic and against skin diseases, scabies, syphilis, fever as well as menstrual and nervous disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY Considering the traditional medicinal uses and the lack of scientific studies addressing the cellular and molecular players involved in these biological activities, the present study was designed to unveil the antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities of A. herba-alba Asso essential oil at doses devoid of toxicity to mammalian cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical analysis of A. herba-alba essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from aerial parts was carried out by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antifungal activity (minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal lethal concentrations) was evaluated against yeasts, dermatophyte and Aspergillus strains. In order to explore the mechanisms behind the anti-fungal effect of the essential oil, the germ tube inhibition assay was evaluated using Candida albicans. The assessment of cell viability was accomplished using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of A. herba-alba oil at the periphery and central nervous system was evaluated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophages and microglia, respectively. RESULTS Oxygen-containing monoterpenes are the main compounds of the oil, namely 1,8-cineole (20.1%), β-thujone (25.1%), α-thujone (22.9%) and camphor (10.5%). Among the fungal strains tested, the oil demonstrated potential against Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal lethal concentration (MCL) values of 0.32 mg/mL and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC of 0.64 mg/mL. The oil revealed a strong inhibitory effect on germ tube formation in C. albicans with inhibition of filamentation around 90% at a concentration 0.16 mg/mL. Importantly, the essential oil significantly inhibited NO production evoked by LPS without cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 1.25 µL/mL in macrophages and up to 0.32 µL/mL in microglia. Furthermore, evaluation of cell viability in RAW 264.7 macrophages, BW2 microgliacells and HaCaT keratinocytes showed no cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 0.32 μL/mL. CONCLUSIONS It was possible to find appropriate doses of A. herba-alba oil with both antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities and without detrimental effects towards several mammalian cell types. These findings add significant information to the pharmacological activity of A. herba-alba essential oil, specifically to its antifungal and anti-inflammatory therapeutic value, thus justifying and reinforcing the use of this plant in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abu-Darwish
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Shouback University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Shouback 71911, Jordan
| | - C Cabral
- Centro de Estudos Interdisciplinares do Século XX da Universidade de Coimbra-CEIS20, Rua Filipe Simões no. 33, 3000-186 Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos/Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M J Gonçalves
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos/Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - C Cavaleiro
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos/Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M T Cruz
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - T Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Salgueiro
- Centro de Estudos Farmacêuticos/Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Ait Said L, Zahlane K, Ghalbane I, El Messoussi S, Romane A, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Lavandula coronopifolia essential oil against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:582-5. [PMID: 25174508 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.954246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the composition of the essential oil (EO) of Lavandula coronopifolia from Morocco and to evaluate its in vitro antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from clinical infections. The antimicrobial activity was assessed by a broth micro-well dilution method using multiresistant clinical isolates of 11 pathogenic bacteria: Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia rettgeri, Citrobacter freundii, Hafnia alvei, Salmonella spp., Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The main compounds of the oil were carvacrol (48.9%), E-caryophyllene (10.8%) and caryophyllene oxide (7.7%). The oil showed activity against all tested strains with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging between 1% and 4%. For most of the strains, the MIC value was equivalent to the minimal bactericidal concentration value, indicating a clear bactericidal effect of L. coronopifolia EO.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ait Said
- a Laboratory of Molecular and Ecophysiology Modeling, Faculty of Sciences-Semlalia , Cadi Ayyad University , Marrakech , Morocco
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Abu-Darwish M, Gonçalves M, Cabral C, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil fromJuniperus phoeniceasubsp.Phoeniceaberries from Jordan. Acta Alimentaria 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.42.2013.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Silva B, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Salgueiro L. Are Plant Extracts a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Genital Infections? Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:2914-28. [DOI: 10.2174/09298673113209990007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pinto E, Hrimpeng K, Lopes G, Vaz S, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Antifungal activity of Ferulago capillaris essential oil against Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 32:1311-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-013-1881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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de-Oliveira AP, de-Oliveira RP, Gaspar C, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, de-Oliveira JM, Queiroz J, Rodrigues A. Association ofThymbra capitataessential oil and chitosan (TCCH hydrogel): a putative therapeutic tool for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidosis. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Palmeira- de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã; Portugal
| | - R. Palmeira- de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã; Portugal
| | - C. Gaspar
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã; Portugal
| | - L. Salgueiro
- Center of Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Coimbra; Portugal
| | - C. Cavaleiro
- Center of Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Coimbra; Portugal
| | | | - J.A. Queiroz
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Beira Interior; Covilhã; Portugal
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Marongiu B, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Maxia A, Frau M, Gonçalves M, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Isolation of the volatile fraction from Apium graveolens L. (Apiaceae) by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and hydrodistillation: Chemical composition and antifungal activity. Nat Prod Res 2012; 27:1521-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.725402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Marongiu
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato , 09042 Cagliari , Italy
| | - A. Piras
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato , 09042 Cagliari , Italy
| | - S. Porcedda
- a Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato , 09042 Cagliari , Italy
| | - D. Falconieri
- b Istituto Tecnico Industriale Statale‘Michele Giua’, Via Montecassino , 09100 Cagliari , Italy
| | - A. Maxia
- c Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente , Università degli Studi di Cagliari , Viale Sant' Ignazio n.13, I-09123 Cagliari , Italy
- d APRIN – Applied Plant Research International Network and Co.S.Me.Se – Consorzio per lo studio dei Metabolici Secondari , Viale Sant' Ignazio n.13, I-09123 Cagliari , Italy
| | - M.A. Frau
- c Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente , Università degli Studi di Cagliari , Viale Sant' Ignazio n.13, I-09123 Cagliari , Italy
- d APRIN – Applied Plant Research International Network and Co.S.Me.Se – Consorzio per lo studio dei Metabolici Secondari , Viale Sant' Ignazio n.13, I-09123 Cagliari , Italy
| | - M.J. Gonçalves
- e Facultade de Farmácia/CEF, Universidade de Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba , 3000 Coimbra , Portugal
| | - C. Cavaleiro
- e Facultade de Farmácia/CEF, Universidade de Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba , 3000 Coimbra , Portugal
| | - L. Salgueiro
- e Facultade de Farmácia/CEF, Universidade de Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba , 3000 Coimbra , Portugal
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Soto A, Salgueiro L, Martínez G, Gómez-Ibarlucea E, Forteza J, Seoane J, Carneiro C, Domínguez F, Vidal A. 417 Exploring TRIM59 Oncogenic Function. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Marongiu B, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Frau M, Maxia A, Gonçalves M, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Antifungal activity and chemical composition of essential oils fromSmyrnium olusatrumL. (Apiaceae) from Italy and Portugal. Nat Prod Res 2012; 26:993-1003. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2010.541876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Gaspar C, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R, Silva-Dias A, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, Pina-Vaz C, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Queiroz JA, Rodrigues AG. The anti-Candida activity of Thymbra capitata essential oil: effect upon pre-formed biofilm. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 140:379-383. [PMID: 22310557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE [corrected] Thymbra capitata essential oil is traditionally considered to exhibit powerful antiseptic properties, thus being used to treat cutaneous infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Thymbra capitata essential oil upon pre-formed biofilm of different Candida strains while comparing it with the activity against planktonic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen Candida isolates were included, corresponding to clinical and collection type strains. Essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and its composition analysed by GC/MS. Activity upon planktonic cells was evaluated according to M27-A3 macromethod. Its effect upon 24h preformed biofilm biomass was determined using the crystal violet procedure and the metabolic activity was studied applying the XTT/menadione technique. RESULTS Biofilm biomass and metabolic activity of all tested species were reduced up to 50% at MIC values. The effect was more pronounced at double MIC values, achieving >80% reduction, except for Candida albicans that presented a more resistant profile (62%). CONCLUSION Thymbra capitata essential oil presented an important effect upon Candida biofilms. It is proposed as a valuable antifungal product to be used in an appropriate pharmaceutical formulation for the management of resistant mucocutaneous candidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Cabral C, Francisco V, Cavaleiro C, Gonçalves MJ, Cruz MT, Sales F, Batista MT, Salgueiro L. Essential Oil of Juniperus communis subsp. alpina (Suter) Čelak Needles: Chemical Composition, Antifungal Activity and Cytotoxicity. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1352-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Cabral
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia/Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
| | | | - C. Cavaleiro
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia/Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - M. J. Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia/Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - M. T. Cruz
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular e Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-295; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - F. Sales
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da UC; Departamento de Ciências da Vida; 3001-401; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - M. T. Batista
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia/Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
| | - L. Salgueiro
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia/Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba; Universidade de Coimbra; 3000-548; Coimbra; Portugal
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Machado M, Pires P, Dinis AM, Santos-Rosa M, Alves V, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, Sousa MC. Monoterpenic aldehydes as potential anti-Leishmania agents: activity of Cymbopogon citratus and citral on L. infantum, L. tropica and L. major. Exp Parasitol 2012; 130:223-31. [PMID: 22227102 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to contribute for the search of new drugs for leishmaniasis, we study the susceptibility of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major to Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and major compounds, mrycene and citral. C. citratus and citral were the most active inhibiting L. infantum, L. tropica and L. major growth at IC(50) concentrations ranging from 25 to 52 μg/ml and from 34 to 42 μg/ml, respectively. L. infantum promastigotes exposed to essential oil and citral underwent considerable ultrastructural alterations, namely mitochondrial and kinetoplast swelling, autophagosomal structures, disruption of nuclear membrane and nuclear chromatin condensation. C. citratus essential oil and citral promoted the leishmanicidal effect by triggering a programmed cell death. In fact, the leishmanicidal activity was mediated via apoptosis as evidenced by externalization of phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell-cycle arrest at the G(0)/G(1) phase. Taken together, ours findings lead us to propose that citral was responsible for anti-Leishmania activity of the C. citratus and both may represent a valuable source for therapeutic control of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Machado
- Faculdade de Farmácia/CEF, Universidade de Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3030-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Marongiu B, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Maxia A, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Chemical composition and biological assays of essential oils of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. nepeta (Lamiaceae). Nat Prod Res 2011; 24:1734-42. [PMID: 20981614 DOI: 10.1080/14786410903108944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aerial parts of wild Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. nepeta growing spontaneously on the Mediterranean coast (Sardinia Island, Italy) and on the Atlantic coast (Portugal) were used as a matrix for the supercritical extraction of volatile oil with CO(2). The collected extracts were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS methods and their compositions were compared with that of the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation, but the differences were not relevant. A strong chemical variability was observed in the essential oils depending on the origin of the samples. The results showed the presence of two chemotypes of C. nepeta. In all Italian samples, pulegone, piperitenone oxide and piperitenone were the main components (64.4-39.9%; 2.5-19.1%; 6.4-7.7%); conversely, the oil extracted from Portuguese C. nepeta is predominantly composed of isomenthone (35.8-51.3%), 1,8-cineole (21.1-21.4%) and trans-isopulegone (7.8-6.0%). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) were used to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oils against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida guillermondii, Candida parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. The Italian oil, rich in pulegone, exhibited significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus and dermatophyte strains, with MIC values of 0.32-1.25 µL mL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Marongiu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
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Machado M, Santoro G, Sousa MC, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C. Activity of essential oils on the growth ofLeishmania infantumpromastigotes. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Cabral C, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Sales F, Boyom F, Salgueiro L. Composition and anti-fungal activity of the essential oil from Cameroonian Vitex rivularis Gürke. Nat Prod Res 2009; 23:1478-84. [PMID: 19844822 DOI: 10.1080/14786410802390106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of two populations of Vitex rivularis (subgenus Vitex) collected during the flowering phase of the plants was investigated by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the main group in both samples, the main compound being germacrene D. This composition is markedly different from that of the other African species, with the exception of Vitex ferruginea subsp. amboniensis, which belongs to the same subgenus as V. rivularis. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal lethal concentrations (MLC) were used to evaluate the anti-fungal activity against yeasts and dermatophyte strains. The oils exhibited significant anti-fungal activity against dermatophyte strains with MIC and MLC values ranging from 0.16 to 0.64 microL mL(-1) and 0.32 to 2.5 microL mL(-1), respectively. For some strains, MIC values were similar to MLC values, indicating the fungicidal activity of the oils. Nevertheless, these oils showed low activity against Candida spp. strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cabral
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Laboratório de Farmacognosia/CEF, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Palmeira-de-Oliveira A, Salgueiro L, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Pina-Vaz C, Queiroz J, Rodrigues A. Anti-Candida Activity of Essential Oils. Mini Rev Med Chem 2009; 9:1292-1305. [DOI: 10.2174/138955709789878150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Figueiredo A, Barroso J, Pedro L, Salgueiro L, Miguel M, Faleiro M. Portuguese Thymbra and Thymus Species Volatiles: Chemical Composition and Biological Activities. Curr Pharm Des 2008; 14:3120-40. [DOI: 10.2174/138161208786404218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Marongiu B, Maxia A, Piras A, Porcedda S, Tuveri E, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L. Isolation ofCrithmum maritimumL. volatile oil by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and biological assays. Nat Prod Res 2007; 21:1145-50. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410600911616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Mentha cervina collected during the flowering and vegetative phases of the plants were investigated by GC and GC-MS. Quantitative differences were observed in the compositions, particularly in the amounts of pulegone (12.9-79.6%) and isomenthone (8.7-77.0%). Antifungal activity of the oils was evaluated by minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal lethal concentrations (MLC) against Candida, Apergillus and dermatophyte strains. Antifungal activity of the sample containing lower amounts of pulegone was the highest for dermatophytes, particularly for Epidermophyton floccosum with MIC and MLC values of 0.63 microL mL( - 1). Mentha cervina oils with low content of pulegone, may be an alternative as antifungal agents in dermatophytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia/CEF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal
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Beneventi D, Benesse M, Carré B, Julien Saint Amand F, Salgueiro L. Modelling deinking selectivity in multistage flotation systems. Sep Purif Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2006.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS The increasing resistance to antifungal compounds and the reduced number of available drugs led us to search therapeutic alternatives among aromatic plants and their essential oils, empirically used by antifungal proprieties. In this work the authors report on the antifungal activity of Juniperus essential oils (Juniperus communis ssp. alpina, J. oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus and J. turbinata). METHODS AND RESULTS Antifungal activity was evaluated by determination of MIC and MLC values, using a macrodilution method (NCCLS protocols), on clinical and type strains of Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophytes. The composition of the oils was ascertained by GC and GC/MS analysis. All essential oils inhibited test dermatophyte strains. The oil from leaves of J. oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus is the most active, with MIC and MLC values ranging from 0.08-0.16 microl ml(-1) to 0.08-0.32 microl ml(-1), respectively. This oil is mainly composed of alpha-pinene (65.5%) and delta-3-carene (5.7%). CONCLUSIONS J. oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus leaf oil proved to be an emergent alternative as antifungal agent against dermatophyte strains. delta-3-Carene, was shown to be a fundamental compound for this activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Results support that essential oils or some of their constituents may be useful in the clinical management of fungal infections, justifying future clinical trials to validate their use as therapeutic alternatives for dermatophytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cavaleiro
- Laboratory Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy/CEF, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Pina-Vaz C, Gonçalves Rodrigues A, Pinto E, Costa-de-Oliveira S, Tavares C, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, Gonçalves MJ, Martinez-de-Oliveira J. Antifungal activity of Thymus oils and their major compounds. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2004; 18:73-8. [PMID: 14678536 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00886.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The increasing recognition and importance of fungal infections, the difficulties encountered in their treatment and the increase in resistance to antifungals have stimulated the search for therapeutic alternatives. Essential oils have been used empirically. The essential oils of Thymus (Thymus vulgaris, T. zygis subspecies zygis and T. mastichina subspecies mastichina) have often been used in folk medicine. The aim of the present study was to evaluate objectively the antifungal activity of Thymus oils according to classical bacteriological methodologies - determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) - as well as flow cytometric evaluation. The effect of essential oils upon germ tube formation, an important virulence factor, was also studied. The mechanism of action was studied by flow cytometry, after staining with propidium iodide. The chemical composition of the essential oils was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antifungal activity of the major components (carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene and 1,8-cineole) and also possible interactions between them were also investigated. The essential oils of T. vulgaris and T. zygis showed similar antifungal activity, which was greater than T. mastichina. MIC and MLC values were similar for all the compounds tested. At MIC values of the essential oils, propidium iodide rapidly penetrated the majority of the yeast cells, indicating that the fungicidal effect resulted primarily from an extensive lesion of the cell membrane. Concentrations below the MIC values significantly inhibited germ tube formation. This study describes the potent antifungal activity of the essential oils of Thymus on Candida spp., warranting future therapeutical trials on mucocutaneous candidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pina-Vaz
- Department of Microbiology, Porto School of Medicine, Alameda Prof Hernani Monteiro, 4200 Porto, IPATIMUP, Rua Roberto Frias, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
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Pinto E, Pina-Vaz C, Rodrigues A, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, Oliveira S, Tavares C, Palmeira A, Gonçalves M, Oliveira J. THYMUS: AN ESSENTIAL OIL WITH ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY. Mycoses 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2002.tb04689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Martins AP, Salgueiro L, Gonçalves MJ, da Cunha AP, Vila R, Cañigueral S, Mazzoni V, Tomi F, Casanova J. Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of three Zingiberaceae from S.Tomé e Príncipe. Planta Med 2001; 67:580-584. [PMID: 11509990 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-16494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil composition of three Zingiberaceae widely used as medicinal aromatic plants from S. Tomé and Príncipe: Aframomum danielli (Hook. f.) K. Schum., Curcuma longa L. and Zingiber officinale Rosc. was studied. Two samples of the essential oils from fruit of A. danielli and from rhizomes of the other two species, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC, GC-MS, and (13)C-NMR. The essential oil from fruits of A. danielli has been studied for the first time and was characterised by its high content of monoterpenes, with 1,8-cineole (25.5 - 34.4 %) the major constituent, followed by beta-pinene (14.1 - 15.2 %) and alpha-terpineol (9.9 - 12.1 %). Essential oils from the rhizomes of C. longa contained a lower content of ar-turmerone (4.0 - 12.8 %) than those reported in the literature for C. longa from other origins (24.7 - 31.4 %), whereas the results for Z. officinale essential oils were in accordance with the literature data. The essential oils of A. danielli and Z. officinale showed antimicrobial activity against all Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested, as well as against yeasts and filamentous fungi, using the agar diffusion method.
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Salgueiro L, Bernardo M, Omar F, Bugalho J. Diffuse myometrium hemangioma - Case report. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(00)83284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Carvalho ML, Ferreira JG, Salgueiro L. L-subshell-ionization cross sections of tungsten by electron impact near the threshold region. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1988; 37:106-110. [PMID: 9899443 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ferreira J, Costa M, Gonçalves M, Salgueiro L. Le rendement de la transition de Coster-Kronig LI → LIII des éléments de nombre atomique compris entre 73 et 92. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1965. [DOI: 10.1051/jphys:019650026010500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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