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Beaumont C, Darrigade AS, Barbaud A, Collet E, Raison-Peyron N, Bourrain JL, Assier H, Giordano-Labadie F, Bara-Passot C, Milpied B, Tétart F, Armingaud P, Castelain F, Benkalfate L, Boulard C, Delaunay J, Mathelier-Fusade P, Pecquet C, Pralong P, Vital-Durand D, Genillier Foin N, Lefèvre MA, Hacard F, Nosbaum A, Pasteur J, Valois A, Vigan M, Ferrier le Bouëdec MC. 102 cases of sensitization to an antiseptic containing chlorhexidine digluconate/benzalkonium chloride/benzyl alcohol with different profiles of sensitization in adults and children. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:62-70. [PMID: 35213760 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An aqueous antiseptic containing "chlorhexidine digluconate /benzalkonium chloride /benzyl alcohol" (CBB) is widely used in France. The only previous documented study dealing with allergic contact dermatitis to this antiseptic is one small case series in children. The French Vigilance Network for Dermatology and Allergy (REVIDAL-GERDA) has collected many cases in the last few years. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical and sensitization profiles of patients diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis to CBB. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of patients with contact dermatitis to CBB and positive tests to CBB and/or at least one of its components. All patients had to be tested with all components of CBB. RESULTS Seventy-one adults and thirty-one children were included. The lesions were extensive in 63 % of patients and 55% had delayed time to diagnosis. CBB patch tests were positive in 93.8% of cases. The allergen was identified in 97% of patients, mainly benzyl alcohol in adults (81.7%), and chlorhexidine digluconate in children (54.8%). 32.4% of the patients were sensitized to several components. CONCLUSION CBB is a cause of allergic contact dermatitis at all ages. The antiseptic's components should be tested. The sensitization profile seems to be different between adults and children. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Beaumont
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Estaing, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Annick Barbaud
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Tenon, Département de dermatologie et allergologie, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Collet
- Department of Dermatology, CHU, Dijon-Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Nadia Raison-Peyron
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint Eloi, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Bourrain
- Department of Pneumology and Allergology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Haudrey Assier
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - Brigitte Milpied
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-André, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florence Tétart
- Department of Allergology, Centre Erik Satie, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | | | - Florence Castelain
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | - Claire Boulard
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Jacques Monod, CH Le Havre, Montivilliers, France
| | | | - Pascale Mathelier-Fusade
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Département de dermatologie et allergologie, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Pecquet
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Département de dermatologie et allergologie, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Pralong
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Nord, CHU Grenoble, La Tronche, France
| | | | | | | | - Florence Hacard
- Department of Allergology and Immunology, CHU, Lyon sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Audrey Nosbaum
- Department of Allergology and Immunology, CHU, Lyon sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Justine Pasteur
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Estaing, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aude Valois
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Sainte Anne, Toulon, France
| | - Martine Vigan
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
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