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Tang W, Li X, Ye B, Shi B, Zhang H, Dang Z, Sun Y, Danqu L, Xia C, Quzhen D, Zhao X, Chui W, Huang F. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analyses of Haemaphysalis tibetensis Hoogstraal, 1965 (Acari: Ixodidae). Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102311. [PMID: 38262211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Ticks are specialized ectoparasites that feed on blood, causing physical harm to the host and facilitating pathogen transmission. The genus Haemaphysalis contains vectors for numerous infectious agents. These agents cause various diseases in humans and animals. Mitochondrial genome sequences serve as reliable molecular markers, forming a crucial basis for evolutionary analyses, studying species origins, and exploring molecular phylogeny. We extracted mitochondrial genome from the enriched mitochondria of Haemaphysalis tibetensis and obtained a 14,714-bp sequence. The mitochondrial genome consists of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA, 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and two control regions. The nucleotide composition of H. tibetensis mitochondrial genome was 38.38 % for A, 9.61 % for G, 39.32 % for T, and 12.69 % for C. The A + T content of H. tibetensis mitochondrial genome was 77.7 %, significantly higher than the G + C content. The repeat units of H. tibetensis exhibited two identical repeat units of 33 bp in length, positioned downstream of nad1 and rrnL genes. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses based on the 13 PCGs indicated that Haemaphysalis tibetensis (subgenus Allophysalis) formed a monophyletic clade with Haemaphysalis nepalensis (subgenus Herpetobia) and Haemaphysalis danieli (subgenus Allophysalis). Although the species Haemaphysalis inermis, Haemaphysalis kitaokai, Haemaphysalis kolonini, and Haemaphysalis colasbelcouri belong to the subgenus Alloceraea, which were morphologically primitive hemaphysalines just like H. tibetensis, these four tick species cannot form a single clade with H. tibetensis. In this study, the whole mitochondrial genome sequence of H. tibetensis from Tibet was obtained, which enriched the mitochondrial genome data of ticks and provided genetic markers to study the population heredity and molecular evolution of the genus Haemaphysalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Tang
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Lhasa 850009, China; State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Tibet Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong Foshan 528225, China
| | - Bijin Ye
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong Foshan 528225, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Lhasa 850009, China; State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Tibet Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Haoji Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong Foshan 528225, China
| | - Zhisheng Dang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at China CDC/Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuexiang Sun
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong Foshan 528225, China
| | - Lamu Danqu
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Lhasa 850009, China; State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Tibet Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Chenyang Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Lhasa 850009, China; State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Tibet Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Danzeng Quzhen
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Lhasa 850009, China; State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Tibet Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Xialing Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Tibet Lhasa 850009, China
| | - Wenting Chui
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Qinghai Province, China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong Foshan 528225, China.
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