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Sherwood L, Korakakis V, Forthington L, Mosler A, Murphy M. No measures of fear-avoidance following concussion can be recommended for use: a systematic review using the COSMIN Criteria. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the result of the ectopic accumulation of lipids in hepatic cells and is the early stage of liver diseases including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. While some mechanisms of aberrant lipid storage are understood, unbiased phenotypic drug screening holds the potential to identify new therapeutic small molecule mechanisms that reverse lipid accumulation in hepatic cells and prevent disease progression. Immortalized hepatocyte cell lines are often used as in vitro models of hepatocyte function, including in the study of lipid accumulation. However, mechanisms and therapeutic agents studied in these systems suffer from poor translation to primary cells and animal models of disease. Herein, we report an ex vivo high-throughput screening platform using primary mouse hepatocytes with a physiologically relevant lipid-laden phenotype isolated from mice that are administered a choline-methionine deficient diet. This screening platform using primary diseased hepatocytes may help to overcome a major hurdle in liver disease drug discovery and could lead to the development of new therapeutics for hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yu
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Emily Chen
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lance Sherwood
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Mitchell Hull
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ashley K. Woods
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Matthew S. Tremblay
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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3
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Muppidi A, Zou H, Yang PY, Chao E, Sherwood L, Nunez V, Woods A, Schultz PG, Lin Q, Shen W. Design of Potent and Proteolytically Stable Oxyntomodulin Analogs. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:324-8. [PMID: 26727558 PMCID: PMC4861236 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Incretin-based peptides are effective therapeutics for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Oxyntomodulin (OXM), a dual agonist of GLP-1R and GCGR, has shown superior weight loss and glucose lowering effects, compared to single GLP-1R agonists. To overcome the short half-life and rapid renal clearance of OXM, which limit its therapeutic potential, both lipid and PEG modified OXM analogs have been reported. However, these approaches often result in reduced potency or PEG-associated toxicity. Herein, we report a new class of cross-linked OXM analogs that show increased plasma stability and higher potency in activating both GLP-1R and GCGR. Moreover, the extended in vivo half-life results in superior antihyperglycemic activity in mice compared to the wild-type OXM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Muppidi
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Huafei Zou
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Peng Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United states
| | - Elizabeth Chao
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lance Sherwood
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Vanessa Nunez
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ashley Woods
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Peter G Schultz
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United states
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Weijun Shen
- California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Bollong MJ, Yun H, Sherwood L, Woods AK, Lairson LL, Schultz PG. A Small Molecule Inhibits Deregulated NRF2 Transcriptional Activity in Cancer. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:2193-8. [PMID: 26270491 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
NRF2 serves as the master regulator of oxidative stress resistance in mammalian cells. Although NRF2 activation decreases tumorigenic events in normal cells, accumulating evidence suggests that cancers have broadly selected for NRF2-activating mutations to promote anabolic growth and chemoresistance. Small molecules which inhibit NRF2 activity may therefore offer promise as an alternative anticancer treatment in NRF2 dependent cancers. We have used a high throughput screen to identify small molecules which decrease NRF2 transcriptional activity at antioxidant response element sites. One such molecule, termed AEM1, is capable of broadly decreasing the expression of NRF2 controlled genes, sensitizing A549 cells to various chemotherapeutic agents, and inhibiting the growth of A549 cells in vitro and in vivo. Profiling of multiple cell lines for their responsiveness to AEM1 revealed that AEM1's activities are restricted to cell lines harboring mutations which render NRF2 constitutively active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Bollong
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lance Sherwood
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ashley K. Woods
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Luke L. Lairson
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Peter G. Schultz
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550, North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Kim MS, Ma JSY, Yun H, Cao Y, Kim JY, Chi V, Wang D, Woods A, Sherwood L, Caballero D, Gonzalez J, Schultz PG, Young TS, Kim CH. Redirection of genetically engineered CAR-T cells using bifunctional small molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:2832-5. [PMID: 25692571 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells (CAR-Ts) provide a potent antitumor response and have become a promising treatment option for cancer. However, despite their efficacy, CAR-T cells are associated with significant safety challenges related to the inability to control their activation and expansion and terminate their response. Herein, we demonstrate that a bifunctional small molecule "switch" consisting of folate conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (folate-FITC) can redirect and regulate FITC-specific CAR-T cell activity toward folate receptor (FR)-overexpressing tumor cells. This system was shown to be highly cytotoxic to FR-positive cells with no activity against FR-negative cells, demonstrating the specificity of redirection by folate-FITC. Anti-FITC-CAR-T cell activation and proliferation was strictly dependent on the presence of both folate-FITC and FR-positive cells and was dose titratable with folate-FITC switch. This novel treatment paradigm may ultimately lead to increased safety for CAR-T cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Soo Kim
- California Institute for Biomedical Research , 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Langford F, Rutherford K, Sherwood L, Jack M, Lawrence A, Haskell M. Behavior of cows during and after peak feeding time on organic and conventional dairy farms in the United Kingdom. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:746-53. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Rutherford KMD, Langford FM, Jack MC, Sherwood L, Lawrence AB, Haskell MJ. Organic dairy cow management and indicators of energy balance. Vet Rec 2009; 165:147-8. [PMID: 19648640 DOI: 10.1136/vr.165.5.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. M. D. Rutherford
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Sustainable Livestock Systems; Scottish Agricultural College; West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG
| | - F. M. Langford
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Sustainable Livestock Systems; Scottish Agricultural College; West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG
| | - M. C. Jack
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Sustainable Livestock Systems; Scottish Agricultural College; West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG
| | - L. Sherwood
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Sustainable Livestock Systems; Scottish Agricultural College; West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG
| | - A. B. Lawrence
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Sustainable Livestock Systems; Scottish Agricultural College; West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG
| | - M. J. Haskell
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare, Sustainable Livestock Systems; Scottish Agricultural College; West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG
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Haskell M, Langford F, Jack M, Sherwood L, Lawrence A, Rutherford K. The effect of organic status and management practices on somatic cell counts on UK dairy farms. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:3775-80. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rutherford K, Langford F, Jack M, Sherwood L, Lawrence A, Haskell M. Hock Injury Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors on Organic and Nonorganic Dairy Farms in the United Kingdom. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:2265-74. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Maggs
- Sustainable Livestock Systems Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Sir Stephen Watson Building, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian
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11
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Faulkner KG, Miller P, Wehren L, Abbott T, Siris E, Sherwood L. Utility of Peripheral Densitometry in Assessment of Patients in Primary Care. Obstet Gynecol 2001. [DOI: 10.1097/00006250-200104001-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Bone densitometry, regardless of the specific technique, is not perfectly reproducible even when consistently performed in exact accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Precision must be quantified at each densitometry facility in precision studies of the various skeletal sites used for monitoring. The precision, as the root-mean-square standard deviation or root-mean-square coefficient of variation, is then used to determine the change in bone density that constitutes the least significant change and the minimum interval between follow-up measurements. Until precision studies are performed, the least significant change cannot be determined for any level of statistical confidence, making the interpretation of serial studies impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Bonnick
- Texas Woman's University, PO Box 425876, Denton, TX 76204, USA.
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Abramson SB, Flexner C, Snyderman R, Dieterich DT, Korn D, Temple R, Sherwood L, Goldblatt D. Patients, physicians, and clinical trials: the other side of the coins. J Investig Med 1999; 47:343-57. [PMID: 10510587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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Siris E, Miller P, Barrett-Connor E, Abbott T, Sherwood L, Berger M. Design of NORA, the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Program: a longitudinal US registry of postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 1998; 8 Suppl 1:S62-9. [PMID: 9682801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NORA is an observational registry of postmenopausal US women with periodic collection of event and treatment data that will create a database including several hundred thousand subjects. It will utilize peripheral and central measurements of bone density and relate these to other risk factors, treatment patterns, and the natural history of osteoporosis. Initiated in the fall of 1997, the registry will be open to women throughout the United States who agree to complete baseline and on-going surveys. The database created by NORA will provide a resource that is unmatched in size and scope in the medical field and will allow for future research in a number of areas including patient outcomes, types of follow-up employed in clinical practice, diagnostic cost modelling, and osteoporosis therapy use (type, patient compliance, persistence and satisfaction). In addition, upon approval by the Steering Committee, women enrolled in the registry may be randomly selected to receive additional educational materials or questionnaires on a variety of topics of interest to specific researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Siris
- Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to establish the validity and reliability of a hydrostatic weighing method using total lung capacity (measuring vital capacity with a respirometer at the time of weighing) the prone position, and a small oblong tank. The validity of the method was established by comparing the TLC prone (tank) method against three hydrostatic weighing methods administered in a pool. The three methods included residual volume seated, TLC seated and TLC prone. Eighty male and female subjects were underwater weighed using each of the four methods. Validity coefficients for per cent body fat between the TLC prone (tank) method and the RV seated (pool), TLC seated (pool) and TLC prone (pool) methods were .98, .99 and .99, respectively. A randomised complete block ANOVA found significant differences between the RV seated (pool) method and each of the three TLC methods with respect to both body density and per cent body fat. The differences were negligible with respect to HW error. Reliability of the TLC prone (tank) method was established by weighing twenty subjects three different times with ten-minute time intervals between testing. Multiple correlations yielded reliability coefficients for body density and per cent body fat values of .99 and .99, respectively. It was concluded that the TLC prone (tank) method is valid, reliable and a favourable method of hydrostatic weighing.
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White MK, Yeater RA, Martin RB, Rosenberg BS, Sherwood L, Weber KC, Della-Giustina DE. Effects of aerobic dancing and walking on cardiovascular function and muscular strength in postmenopausal women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1984; 24:159-66. [PMID: 6503273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Warner JG, Yeater RA, Sherwood L. A HYDROSTATIC WEIGHING MTHOD USING TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY AND A SMALL TANK. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1984. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-198404000-00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rosenberg BS, White MK, Weber KC, Sherwood L, Butcher R. MENSTRAL CYCLE EFFECTS ON MAXIMAL PERFORMANCE IN TRAINED AND UNTRAINED FEMALES. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1984. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-198404000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zervas N, Hamlin H, Pallotta J, Gordy P, Spark R, Sherwood L. Radiofrequency Thermal Hypophysectomy for Acromegaly. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1972. [DOI: 10.1159/000103089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Radiofrequency thermal ablation of pituitary adenomata was carried out in 14 patients with acromegaly. In all patients detailed endocrinological studies were carried out to assess pituitary function. Human growth hormone levels were normal in the majority of patients following operation. Permanent complications failed to occur. Two patients had temporary visual difficulty that cleared within a few weeks. Most of the patients experienced dramatic improvement within five to seven days after operation and several of these patients with lesser stigmata had dramatic resolution of tissue overgrowth and almost complete fading of acromegalic features.
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Sherwood L. Rabies prevention. W V Med J 1969; 65:219-24. [PMID: 5256575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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