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Garbizu M, Aguado L, Martín A. Alpha7 nicotinic receptors as potential theranostic targets for experimental stroke. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:939-940. [PMID: 37862178 PMCID: PMC10749633 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maider Garbizu
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Laura Aguado
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Abraham Martín
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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2
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Joya A, Plaza-García S, Padro D, Aguado L, Iglesias L, Garbizu M, Gómez-Vallejo V, Laredo C, Cossío U, Torné R, Amaro S, Planas AM, Llop J, Ramos-Cabrer P, Justicia C, Martín A. Multimodal imaging of the role of hyperglycemia following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:726-741. [PMID: 37728631 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231197946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia has been linked to worsening outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of SAH have been scarcely evaluated so far. The role of hyperglycemia was assessed in an experimental model of SAH by T2 weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (T2W and DCE-MRI), [18F]BR-351 PET imaging and immunohistochemistry. Measures included the volume of bleeding, the extent of cerebral infarction and brain edema, blood brain barrier disruption (BBBd), neutrophil infiltration and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) activation. The neurofunctional outcome, neurodegeneration and myelinization were also investigated. The induction of hyperglycemia increased mortality, the size of the ischemic lesion, brain edema, neurodegeneration and worsened neurological outcome during the first 3 days after SAH in rats. In addition, these results show for the first time the exacerbating effect of hyperglycemia on in vivo MMP activation, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression and neutrophil infiltration together with increased BBBd, bleeding volume and fibrinogen accumulation at days 1 and 3 after SAH. Notably, these data provide valuable insight into the detrimental effect of hyperglycemia on early BBB damage mediated by neutrophil infiltration and MMP activation that could explain the worse prognosis in SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Joya
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sandra Plaza-García
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Daniel Padro
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Laura Aguado
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Leyre Iglesias
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- Neurovascular Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Maider Garbizu
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Laredo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ramon Torné
- Institute of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Amaro
- Institute of Neuroscience, Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna M Planas
- Area of Neurosciences. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carles Justicia
- Area of Neurosciences. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abraham Martín
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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3
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Simó C, Serra-Casablancas M, Hortelao AC, Di Carlo V, Guallar-Garrido S, Plaza-García S, Rabanal RM, Ramos-Cabrer P, Yagüe B, Aguado L, Bardia L, Tosi S, Gómez-Vallejo V, Martín A, Patiño T, Julián E, Colombelli J, Llop J, Sánchez S. Urease-powered nanobots for radionuclide bladder cancer therapy. Nat Nanotechnol 2024; 19:554-564. [PMID: 38225356 PMCID: PMC11026160 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer treatment via intravesical drug administration achieves reasonable survival rates but suffers from low therapeutic efficacy. To address the latter, self-propelled nanoparticles or nanobots have been proposed, taking advantage of their enhanced diffusion and mixing capabilities in urine when compared with conventional drugs or passive nanoparticles. However, the translational capabilities of nanobots in treating bladder cancer are underexplored. Here, we tested radiolabelled mesoporous silica-based urease-powered nanobots in an orthotopic mouse model of bladder cancer. In vivo and ex vivo results demonstrated enhanced nanobot accumulation at the tumour site, with an eightfold increase revealed by positron emission tomography in vivo. Label-free optical contrast based on polarization-dependent scattered light-sheet microscopy of cleared bladders confirmed tumour penetration by nanobots ex vivo. Treating tumour-bearing mice with intravesically administered radio-iodinated nanobots for radionuclide therapy resulted in a tumour size reduction of about 90%, positioning nanobots as efficient delivery nanosystems for bladder cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Simó
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meritxell Serra-Casablancas
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana C Hortelao
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valerio Di Carlo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Guallar-Garrido
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Plaza-García
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Rabanal
- Unitat de Patologia Murina i Comparada, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Balbino Yagüe
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Laura Aguado
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Lídia Bardia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sébastien Tosi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty Of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Abraham Martín
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Tania Patiño
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Julián
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julien Colombelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Llop
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Samuel Sánchez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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4
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Simón-Vicente L, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Rivadeneyra-Posadas J, Soto-Célix M, Raya-González J, Castillo-Alvira D, Calvo S, Mariscal N, García-Bustillo Á, Aguado L, Cubo E. Validation of ActiGraph and Fitbit in the assessment of energy expenditure in Huntington's disease. Gait Posture 2024; 109:89-94. [PMID: 38286064 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumer and research activity monitors have become popular because of their ability to quantify energy expenditure (EE) in free-living conditions. However, the accuracy of activity trackers in determining EE in people with Huntington's Disease (HD) is unknown. RESEARCH QUESTION Can the ActiGraph wGT3X-B or the Fitbit Charge 4 accurately measure energy expenditure during physical activity, in people with HD compared to Indirect Calorimetry (IC) (Medisoft Ergo Card)? METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study with fourteen participants with mild-moderate HD (mean age 55.7 ± 11.4 years). All participants wore an ActiGraph and Fitbit during an incremental test, running on a treadmill at 3.2 km/h and 5.2 km/h for three minutes at each speed. We analysed and compared the accuracy of EE estimates obtained by Fitbit and ActiGraph against the EE estimates obtained by a metabolic cart, using with Intra-class correlation (ICC), Bland-Altman analysis and correlation tests. RESULTS A significant correlation and a moderate reliability was found between ActiGraph and IC for the incremental test (r = 0.667)(ICC=0.633). There was a significant correlation between Fitbit and IC during the incremental test (r = 0.701), but the reliability was poor at all tested speeds in the treadmill walk. Fitbit significantly overestimated EE, and ActiGraph underestimated EE compared to IC, but ActiGraph estimates were more accurate than Fitbit in all tests. SIGNIFICANCE Compared to IC, Fitbit Charge 4 and ActiGraph wGT3X-BT have reduced accuracy in estimating EE at slower walking speeds. These findings highlight the need for population-specific algorithms and validation of activity trackers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández
- VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Faculty of Sciences of Physical Activity and Sports. University of Leon, León, Spain
| | | | - María Soto-Célix
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain,; Endocrinología y Nutrición. Servicio Medicina Interna. Hospital Reina Sofía. Área de Salud de Tudela, Servicio Navarro de Salud - Osasunbidea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Esther Cubo
- University of Burgos, Spain; Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Spain
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5
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Aguado L, Joya A, Garbizu M, Plaza-García S, Iglesias L, Hernández MI, Ardaya M, Mocha N, Gómez-Vallejo V, Cossio U, Higuchi M, Rodríguez-Antigüedad A, Freijo MM, Domercq M, Matute C, Ramos-Cabrer P, Llop J, Martín A. Therapeutic effect of α7 nicotinic receptor activation after ischemic stroke in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023:271678X231161207. [PMID: 36916034 PMCID: PMC10369150 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231161207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine α7 receptors (α7 nAChRs) have a well-known modulator effect in neuroinflammation. Yet, the therapeutical effect of α7 nAChRs activation after stroke has been scarcely evaluated to date. The role of α7 nAChRs activation with PHA 568487 on inflammation after brain ischemia was assessed with positron emission tomography (PET) using [18F]DPA-714 and [18F]BR-351 radiotracers after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. The assessment of brain oedema, blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neurofunctional progression after treatment was evaluated with T2 weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (T2 W and DCE-MRI) and neurological evaluation. The activation of α7 nAChRs resulted in a decrease of ischemic lesion, midline displacement and cell neurodegeneration from days 3 to 7 after ischemia. Besides, the treatment with PHA 568487 improved the neurofunctional outcome. Treated ischemic rats showed a significant [18F]DPA-714-PET uptake reduction at day 7 together with a decrease of activated microglia/infiltrated macrophages. Likewise, the activation of α7 receptors displayed an increase of [18F]BR-351-PET signal in ischemic cortical regions, which resulted from the overactivation of MMP-2. Finally, the treatment with PHA 568487 showed a protective effect on BBB disruption and blood brain vessel integrity after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Aguado
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ana Joya
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Plaza-García
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Leyre Iglesias
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Neurovascular Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - María Ardaya
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Naroa Mocha
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Unai Cossio
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Mari Mar Freijo
- Neurovascular Group, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - María Domercq
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and CIBERNED, Leioa, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain.,Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, San Sebastian, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
| | - Abraham Martín
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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6
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García-González X, Cubo E, Simón-Vicente L, Mariscal N, Alcaraz R, Aguado L, Rivadeneyra-Posadas J, Sanz-Solas A, Saiz-Rodríguez M. Pharmacogenetics in the Treatment of Huntington’s Disease: Review and Future Perspectives. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030385. [PMID: 36983567 PMCID: PMC10056055 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant progressive brain disorder, caused by a pathological expansion of a CAG repeat that encodes the huntingtin gene. This genetic neurodegenerative rare disease is characterized by cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. The aim of the treatment is symptomatic and addresses the hyperkinetic disorders (chorea, dystonia, myoclonus, tics, etc.) and the behavioural and cognitive disturbances (depression, anxiety, psychosis, etc.) associated with the disease. HD is still a complex condition in need of innovative and efficient treatment. The long-term goal of pharmacogenetic studies is to use genotype data to predict the effective treatment response to a specific drug and, in turn, prevent potential undesirable effects of its administration. Chorea, depression, and psychotic symptoms have a substantial impact on HD patients’ quality of life and could be better controlled with the help of pharmacogenetic knowledge. We aimed to carry out a review of the available publications and evidence related to the pharmacogenetics of HD, with the objective of compiling all information that may be useful in optimizing drug administration. The impact of pharmacogenetic information on the response to antidepressants and antipsychotics is well documented in psychiatric patients, but this approach has not been investigated in HD patients. Future research should address several issues to ensure that pharmacogenetic clinical use is appropriately supported, feasible, and applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xandra García-González
- Pharmacy Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Cubo
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | | | - Natividad Mariscal
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - Raquel Alcaraz
- Research Unit, Fundación Burgos por la Investigación de la Salud (FBIS), Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - Laura Aguado
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - Jéssica Rivadeneyra-Posadas
- Research Unit, Fundación Burgos por la Investigación de la Salud (FBIS), Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - Antonio Sanz-Solas
- Research Unit, Fundación Burgos por la Investigación de la Salud (FBIS), Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - Miriam Saiz-Rodríguez
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Research Unit, Fundación Burgos por la Investigación de la Salud (FBIS), Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Correspondence:
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7
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Gil‐Polo C, Martinez‐Horta S, Sampedro Santalo F, Martín‐Palencia M, Gundín‐Menéndez S, Alvarez‐Baños P, Maza‐Pereg L, Calvo S, Collazo C, Alonso‐García E, Riñones‐Mena E, Arrabal‐Alonso A, Núñez Rodriguez J, Saiz‐Rodriguez M, Aguado L, Mariscal N, Muñoz‐Siscart I, Piñeiro D, Rivadeneyra J, Diez‐Fairen M, Miguel‐Pérez I, Cubo E. Association Between Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Social Cognition in Huntington's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2022; 10:279-284. [PMID: 36825059 PMCID: PMC9941927 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) seems to be involved in the neural circuits associated with social cognition and brain structure. Objectives To investigate the association of IGF-1 levels with social cognition and brain structure in Huntington's disease (HD). Methods We evaluated social cognition using the Ekman test in 22 HD patients and 19 matched controls. Brain structure was assessed using standard volume-based voxel-based morphometry and surface-based cortical thickness pipeline. We analyzed the association of IGF-1 levels with social cognition and brain structure using adjusted regression analysis. Results Social cognition was worse in HD patients (P < 0.001), on antidopaminergic drugs (P = 0.02), and with lower IGF-1 levels (P = 0.04). In neuroimaging analyses, lower IGF-1 levels were associated with social cognition impairment and atrophy mainly in frontotemporal regions (P < 0.05 corrected). Conclusions In HD, abnormal IGF-1 function seems to be associated with brain atrophy leading to clinical deficits in social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Maza‐Pereg
- Endocrinology DepartmentHospital Universitario BurgosBurgosSpain
| | - Sara Calvo
- Research UnitHospital Universitario BurgosBurgosSpain
| | - Carla Collazo
- Research UnitHospital Universitario BurgosBurgosSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Aguado
- Neurology DepartmentHospital Universitario BurgosBurgosSpain
| | | | | | - Dolores Piñeiro
- Psychiatry DepartmentHospital Universitario BurgosBurgosSpain
| | | | | | | | - Esther Cubo
- Neurology DepartmentHospital Universitario BurgosBurgosSpain,University of BurgosBurgosSpain
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8
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Simón-Vicente L, Rivadeneyra-Posadas J, Soto-Célix M, Raya-González J, Castillo D, Calvo S, Collazo C, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Fahed VS, Mariscal N, García-Bustillo Á, Aguado L, Cubo E. Accelerometer Cut-Points for Physical Activity Assessment in Adults with Mild to Moderate Huntington's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14834. [PMID: 36429552 PMCID: PMC9690573 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Accelerometers can estimate the intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity in healthy adults. Although thresholds to distinguish varying levels of activity intensity using the Actigraph wGT3X-B have been established for the general population, their accuracy for Huntington's disease (HD) is unknown. We aimed to define and cross-validate accelerometer cut-points for different walking speeds in adults with mild to moderate HD. A cross-sectional, multicentre, case-control, observational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 13 symptomatic ambulatory HD participants. The accelerometer was placed around the right hip, and a heart monitor was fitted around the chest to monitor heart rate variability. Participants walked on a treadmill at three speeds with light, moderate and vigorous intensities. Correlation and receiver operation curve analyses were performed between the accelerometer magnitude vector with relative oxygen and heart rate. Optimal cut-points for walking speeds of 3.2 km/h were ≤2852; 5.2 km/h: >2852 to ≤4117, and in increments until their maximum velocity: >4117. Our results support the application of the disease-specific cut-points for quantifying physical activity in patients with mild to moderate HD and promoting healthy lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Simón-Vicente
- Burgos University Hospital, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | | | - María Soto-Célix
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Castillo
- Valoración del Rendimiento Deportivo, Actividad Física y Salud y Lesiones Deportivas (REDAFLED), University of Valladolid, 42004 Soria, Spain
| | - Sara Calvo
- Burgos University Hospital, 09006 Burgos, Spain
| | - Carla Collazo
- Burgos University Hospital, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández
- VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Faculty of Sciences of Physical Activity and Sports, Universidad de Leon, 24004 León, Spain
| | - Vitoria S. Fahed
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Esther Cubo
- Burgos University Hospital, 09006 Burgos, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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9
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Shalash A, Okubadejo NU, Doumbe J, Ojo OO, Hamid E, Kuate C, Calvo S, Helmi A, Agabi OP, Essam M, Aguado L, Elrassas H, Roushdy T, Tanner CM, Cubo E. Translation, Validation, Diagnostic Accuracy, and Reliability of Screening Questionnaire for Parkinsonism in Three African Countries. J Parkinsons Dis 2021; 10:1113-1122. [PMID: 32568112 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Availability of validated Parkinson's disease (PD) questionnaires in languages spoken in Africa will enable the conduct of epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVE The aims of the current study were to develop cross-cultural translated and validated Arabic and French versions of a PD screening questionnaire, and determine its diagnostic accuracy for recognition of parkinsonism in early and moderate-advanced PD in three countries (Cameroon (French), Egypt (Arabic), and Nigeria (English)). METHODS This cross-sectional study screened 159 participants (81 PD and 78 controls) using the PD screening questionnaire. The questionnaire was translated into Arabic and French versions using standard protocols. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and the Identification and Intervention for Dementia in Elderly Africans cognitive screen. Co-morbidity burden was documented using the Charlson Comorbidity Index. PD severity and stage were evaluated using the MDS Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale and the Hoehn and Yahr scale respectively. RESULTS Both PD patients and controls were matched regarding age, gender, education, and co-morbidity burden. The PD screening questionnaire scores were significantly higher in PD (median 8.0, IQR 6.0-10.0) in contrast to controls (0.0, IQR 0.0-0.0) (p < 0.0001), with a similar pattern and level of significance across all country sites. In ROC analysis, the questionnaire demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for PD overall, with an AUC of 0.992 (95% CI 0.981-1.002). CONCLUSION The Arabic, French, and English versions of this PD screening questionnaire are valid and accurate screening instruments for recognition of Parkinsonism. This paves the way for conducting epidemiological studies in many African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Njideka U Okubadejo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos & Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Jacques Doumbe
- Department of Neurology, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Oluwadamilola O Ojo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos & Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Eman Hamid
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Callixte Kuate
- Department of Neurology, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Sara Calvo
- Neurology Department, University Hospital, Burgos, Spain
| | - Asmaa Helmi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osigwe P Agabi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Mohamed Essam
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laura Aguado
- Neurology Department, University Hospital, Burgos, Spain
| | - Hanan Elrassas
- Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Roushdy
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Caroline M Tanner
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Esther Cubo
- Neurology Department, University Hospital, Burgos, Spain
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Bernad I, Aguado L, Núñez-Córdoba JM, Redondo P. Daylight photodynamic therapy for prevention of new actinic keratosis and keratinocyte carcinomas in organ transplants. A cryotherapy-controlled randomized clinical trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:1464-1470. [PMID: 31785169 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organ transplant recipients (OTR) have a higher risk of actinic keratosis (AK) and keratinocyte carcinomas (KC). There are no clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of daylight photodynamic therapy (DPDT) to prevent new AK and KC in OTR. OBJECTIVES To determine whether repeated treatments of field cancerization with DPDT are effective in preventing new AK and KC in OTR. METHODS A randomized, intra-subject controlled, evaluator-blind, split-face and/or scalp trial, from April 2016 to October 2018. Participants were OTR older than 18 years, 1-year posttransplant, with at least 5 AK on each hemi-face/hemi-scalp. One side received six field treatments with DPDT: two sessions 15 days apart at baseline, two at 3 months and two at 9 months after baseline. Control side received lesion-directed treatment with cryotherapy (double freeze-thaw) at baseline, 3 and 9 months. Total number of lesions (AK and KC) at 21 months, number of new AK and KC at 3, 9, 15 and 21 months and treatment preferences were analysed. RESULTS Of 24 men included, 23 were analysed at 3 months; and 21, at 9, 15 and 21 months. Mean (SD) age was 69.8 years (9.2). The total number of lesions at 21 months was 4.7 (4.3) for DPDT and 5.8 (5.0) for control side; P = 0.09. DPDT showed significantly lower means [SD] of new lesions compared to control side at 3 months (4.2 [3.4] vs. 6.8 [4.8]; P < 0.001), 9 months (3.0 [3.3] vs. 4.3 [3.4]; P = 0.04) and 15 months (3.0 [4.6] vs. 4.8 [5.0]; P = 0.02), and non-significant at 21 months (3.7 [3.5] vs. 5.0 [4.5]; P = 0.06). Most participants preferred DPDT. CONCLUSION DPDT showed potential effectiveness in preventing new AK and KC in OTR by consecutive treatments of field cancerization. The preference for DPDT could facilitate adherence to the long-term treatment necessary in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bernad
- Department of Dermatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - L Aguado
- Department of Dermatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J M Núñez-Córdoba
- Research Support Service, Central Clinical Trials Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - P Redondo
- Department of Dermatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Cubo E, Martinez-Horta SI, Santalo FS, Descalls AM, Calvo S, Gil-Polo C, Muñoz I, Llano K, Mariscal N, Diaz D, Gutierrez A, Aguado L, Ramos-Arroyo MA. Clinical manifestations of homozygote allele carriers in Huntington disease. Neurology 2019; 92:e2101-e2108. [PMID: 30867264 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000007147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because patients homozygous for Huntington disease (HD) receive the gain-of-function mutation in a double dose, one would expect a more toxic effect in homozygotes than in heterozygotes. Our aim was to investigate the phenotypic differences between homozygotes with both alleles ≥36 CAG repeats and heterozygotes with 1 allele ≥36 CAG repeats. METHODS This was an international, longitudinal, case-control study (European Huntington's Disease Network Registry database). Baseline and longitudinal total functional capacity, motor, cognitive, and behavioral scores of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) were compared between homozygotes and heterozygotes. Four-year follow-up data were analyzed using longitudinal mixed-effects models. To estimate the association of age at onset with the length of the shorter and larger allele in homozygotes and heterozygotes, regression analysis was applied. RESULTS Of 10,921 participants with HD (5,777 female [52.9%] and 5,138 male [47.0%]) with a mean age of 55.1 ± 14.1 years, 28 homozygotes (0.3%) and 10,893 (99.7%) heterozygotes were identified. After correcting for multiple comparisons, homozygotes and heterozygotes had similar age at onset and UHDRS scores and disease progression. In the multivariate linear regression analysis, the longer allele was the most contributing factor to decreased age at HD onset in the homozygotes (p < 0.0001) and heterozygotes (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS CAG repeat expansion on both alleles of the HTT gene is infrequent. Age at onset, HD phenotype, and disease progression do not significantly differ between homozygotes and heterozygotes, indicating similar effect on the mutant protein. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that age at onset, the motor phenotype and rate of motor decline, and symptoms and signs progression is similar in homozygotes compared to heterozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cubo
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Saul-Indra Martinez-Horta
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Frederic Sampedro Santalo
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Asunción Martínez Descalls
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Calvo
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Gil-Polo
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Muñoz
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Katia Llano
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Natividad Mariscal
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dolores Diaz
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Gutierrez
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Aguado
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María A Ramos-Arroyo
- From the Neurology Department (E.C., C.G.-P., I.M., K.L., N.M., D.D., A.G., L.A.) and Research Unit (S.C.), Hospital Universitario Burgos; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona; Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) (S.-I.M.-H., F.S.S.), Madrid; Neurology Department (A.M.D.), Fundación Jiménez Diez, Madrid; and Genetic Department (M.A.R.-A.), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Aguado L, Porras A, Calvo P, Tomita A, Burns J, Muñoz-Negro J. Anxiety and Depression in European Immigrants in Africa: Spaniards in South Africa. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIt is easy to find texts, in scientific literature, studying the adaptation of immigrants from developing countries in western countries. However, in these globalization times that we are living, few are the studies performed on members from developed countries emigrating to the third world.Objectives/AimsTo evaluate the factors predisposing to the onset of anxiety or depression symptoms in Spanish immigrants living in South Africa.MethodsThis is an exploratory study with a sample of 51 Spanish residents in South Africa between 24 and 57 years (44% male, 56% female), 44% of which were living there for more than two years. An online survey was administered, collecting data related to reasons and conditions for their moving to the country and traumatic events living during the stay. For the screening of depression and anxiety symptoms Hopkins Symptom Scale (HSCL-25) was used. Finally, we carried about several analysis using Chi2 test. For statistical analysis SPSS was utilized.ResultsThirty percent of the sample showed positive scores on anxiety symptoms scale, and 24% scored positive for depression. Job related items as being unemployed (P < 0.001) was associated to symptoms of depression. Insecurity/violence (P < 0.021) and race discrimination (P < 0.009) were the main factors related to anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsFactor related to employment, security and discrimination, has been significantly associated to the onset of anxiety and depression symptoms. Other factors related to the moving to the country or social relationships have shown no relations. More studies are needed to provide information about adaptation and factors related to mental health in Occidental immigrants in developing countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Aguado L, Girela B, Calvo P, Muñoz-Negro J, Cervilla J. A psychiatrist's poll on their methods to treat schizoaffective disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSchizoaffective disorder (SAD) is the second most frequent psychotic disorder after schizophrenia. There is a relative scarcity of specific studies looking into SAD treatment and evidence on drug treatment of SAD is patchy. We aimed to study naturalistically, interviewing psychiatrists systematically, what do they think is most useful in SAD treatment.Objectives/aimsTo know the actual management of SAD in real clinical practice and provided data for effective clinical studies.MethodsWe administered an online poll to 65 psychiatrists (52% male, 48% female), 75% of which described themselves as having a holistic background. The poll was completed using a Google doc's questionnaire. The three main questions made were:– what is your first treatment choice for SAD;– do you tend to use mono- vs. poly-therapy;– provide a level of utility for each drug between 1 (little use) to 4 (maximum use).ResultsAtypical antipsychotics were considered the most common first choice in the treatment of SAD according to 66.2% of psychiatrists. The second most selected first choice answer was combining drugs and psychotherapy, which was answered by 20% of the sample. Monotherapy was preferred (60%) to polytherapy (40%). Finally, the most useful drug for SAD according to the sample was aripiprazole followed by mood stabilizers, olanzapine and paliperidone.ConclusionsReal practice in SAD treatment may differ grossly to what is advocated for in clinical guidelines and seem to also deviate from officially approved indications of some drugs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Pretel M, Navedo M, Marqués L, Aguado L. Dermatomiositis del adulto asociada a lipodistrofia. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Basset-Seguin N, Baumann Conzett K, Gerritsen M, Gonzalez H, Haedersdal M, Hofbauer G, Aguado L, Kerob D, Lear J, Piaserico S, Ulrich C. Photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis in organ transplant patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 27:57-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04356.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Basset-Seguin N, Baumann Conzett K, Gerritsen MJP, Gonzalez H, Haedersdal M, Hofbauer GFL, Aguado L, Kerob D, Lear JT, Piaserico S, Ulrich C. Photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis in organ transplant patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011. [PMID: 22151793 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of actinic keratoses (AK) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in organ transplant recipients (OTRs) is significantly higher than in immunocompetent patients. Rates of progression and recurrence following treatment are higher too, in part due to the effects of the immunosuppressant drugs. Conventional therapies for AK, using curettage, cryotherapy, surgical excision, topical therapies and photodynamic therapy (PDT), are often less effective, and may be inappropriate, for treating the greater numbers and extent of lesions in OTRs. Moreover, there are no specific protocols for treating this patient population that take into account the need for more frequent treatment and the increased pain associated with treating larger areas. OBJECTIVES Recently, a pan-European group of dermatologists with expertise in this area met to share current best practice in PDT for the treatment of AK in OTRs. METHODS The group identified areas where PDT currently is not meeting the needs of these patients and discussed how these gaps might be addressed. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS This position article summarizes those discussions and makes recommendations concerning a standardized protocol for treating OTRs, for a large randomized controlled trial to provide robust data on safety, efficacy and optimal pain control, and to provide pharmaco-economics data that can be used to support extended reimbursement in this patient group. The authors also recommend a second clinical trial to further investigate induced immunosuppression with PDT in healthy volunteers.
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Redondo P, Aguado L, Paramo J. Vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in serum of patients with extensive slow-flow vascular malformations: reply from authors. Br J Dermatol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09691.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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García Sar D, Montes-Bayón M, Blanco González E, Sierra LM, Aguado L, Comendador MA, Koellensperger G, Hann S, Sanz-Medel A. Quantitative profiling of in vivo generated cisplatin-DNA adducts using different isotope dilution strategies. Anal Chem 2010; 81:9553-60. [PMID: 19886652 DOI: 10.1021/ac901360f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Platinum compounds are the major group of metal-based chemotherapeutic drug used in current practice and still a topic of intense investigation. The relative contribution of structurally defined cisplatin adducts with DNA to induce apoptosis and the cellular processing of these lesions is still poorly understood mostly due to the lack of sensitive and accurate analytical tools for in vivo studies. In this regard, two novel sensitive and selective strategies are proposed here to quantify cisplatin-DNA adducts generated in Drosophila melanogaster larvae and in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cultures. The methods involve the isolation and enzymatic digestion of the DNA in the samples exposed to cisplatin and further quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-ICPMS). Two different strategies, based on isotope dilution analysis (IDA), have been attempted and evaluated for quantification: species-unspecific (the postcolumn addition of a 194Pt-enriched solution) and the species-specific (by means of a synthesized isotopically enriched cisplatin (194Pt) adduct). For the second approach, the synthesis and characterization of the cisplatin adduct in a custom oligonucleotide containing the sequence (5'-TCCGGTCC-3') was necessary. The adducted oligo was then added to the DNA samples either before or after enzymatic hydrolysis. The results obtained using these two strategies (mixing before and after enzymatic treatment) permit to address, quantitatively, the column recoveries as well as the efficiency of the enzymatic hydrolysis. Species-specific spiking before enzymatic digestion provided accurate and precise analytical results to clearly differentiate between Drosophila samples and carcinoma cell cultures exposed to different cisplatin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D García Sar
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, C/Julian Claveria 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Redondo P, Aguado L, Marquina M, Paramo JA, Sierra A, Sánchez-Ibarrola A, Martínez-Cuesta A, Cabrera J. Angiogenic and prothrombotic markers in extensive slow-flow vascular malformations: implications for antiangiogenic/antithrombotic strategies. Br J Dermatol 2009; 162:350-6. [PMID: 19769632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous and combined malformations are slow-flow haemodynamically inactive lesions that are present at birth and worsen slowly with advancing age, showing no tendency towards involution. The pathogenesis of vascular anomalies has not been fully elucidated, but their formation and progression are closely related to angiogenesis. Localized intravascular coagulation associated with venous or combined malformations is characterized by low fibrinogen, high D-dimers, and normal platelet count. OBJECTIVES To assess the relationship of angiogenic factors with prothrombotic and endothelial damage/dysfunction markers in patients with extensive slow-flow vascular malformations. METHODS A 2-year study (2005-2007) included 31 consecutive patients with extensive slow-flow vascular malformations from one centre. RESULTS Serum levels of the endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase TIE-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and angiopoietin (Ang)-2 and plasma levels of D-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator and von Willebrand factor (vWf) were significantly increased in patients compared with healthy controls, whereas serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D, MMP-2, Ang-1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB and PDGF-BB were significantly decreased in patients compared with controls. A strong positive correlation was present between Ang-1 and PDGF-AB levels (r = 0.63, P < 0.001), between PDGF-AB and PDGF-BB levels (r = 0.67, P < 0.001), and between fibrinogen and PAI-1 levels (r = 0.41, P = 0.031). A strong negative correlation was present between Ang-1 and vWf levels (r = -0.48, P = 0.006), between D-dimer and fibrinogen levels (r = -0.71, P < 0.001), and between PDGF-AB and vWf levels (r = -0.42, P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that angiogenic, coagulation and endothelial damage/dysfunction markers are possibly linked in pathogenesis of extensive slow-flow vascular malformations, and might have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Redondo
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Bronckaers A, Aguado L, Negri A, Camarasa MJ, Balzarini J, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Gago F, Liekens S. Identification of aspartic acid-203 in human thymidine phosphorylase as an important residue for both catalysis and non-competitive inhibition by the small molecule “crystallization chaperone” 5′-O-tritylinosine (KIN59). Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 78:231-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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España Alonso A, Panizo C, Fernández S, Marquina M, Pretel M, Aguado L, Sánchez-Ibarrola A. [Prolonged complete clinical remission in patients with severe pemphigus vulgaris after cycles of intravenous cyclophosphamide]. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2009; 100:113-120. [PMID: 19445875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corticosteroids are the systemic treatment of choice in patients with pemphigus vulgaris, but chronic administration is associated with side effects. Intravenous treatment with cyclophosphamide can improve the clinical signs of pemphigus vulgaris. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively studied 8 patients diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris. Six of these had mucocutaneous pemphigus vulgaris and 2 had mucosal pemphigus vulgaris. Treatment consisted of 10 cycles of cyclophosphamide at a dose of 10-15 mg/kg separated by 15 days, while maintaining the initial corticosteroid and immunosuppressant dose. Clinical efficacy was assessed and the anti-epidermal intercellular substance (EIS) and anti-desmoglein (DSG) 3 and 1 antibody titers were monitored (by indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively). RESULTS All patients with pemphigus vulgaris responded excellently to treatment. Five of the 8 patients achieved complete remission of pemphigus lesions after 10 cycles of cyclophosphamide. In the other 3 patients, the skin lesions disappeared a few weeks after the last cycle of cyclophosphamide. A substantial reduction in immuno suppressant dose was possible in all patients. Furthermore, an improved immunologic response was observed in all cases after cyclophosphamide treatment, with decreased anti-DSG1 and anti-DSG3 antibody titers and well as decreased circulating anti-EIS antibody titers. During the mean 15.1 month follow-up (range, 1-25 months), no new lesions appeared and no side effects of cyclophosphamide therapy were reported. CONCLUSIONS Fortnightly cycles of intravenous cyclophosphamide may be a useful therapeutic option in patients with severe pemphigus vulgaris. A reduction of corticosteroid dose was possible with this therapeutic approach and the cumulative cyclophosphamide dose was lower than with daily oral administration. Our findings also show that the therapeutic approach induces clinical and immunologic remission in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín España Alonso
- Departamento de Dermatología, Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España.
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Redondo P, Guzmán M, Marquina M, Pretel M, Aguado L, Lloret P, Gorrochategui A. Repigmentación del pelo canoso tras tratamiento con hormona tiroidea. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-7310(07)70145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Redondo P, Guzmán M, Marquina M, Pretel M, Aguado L, Lloret P, Gorrochategui A. [Repigmentation of gray hair after thyroid hormone treatment]. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2007; 98:603-610. [PMID: 17961449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Darkening of gray and white hairs occurred in 2 patients with increased exogenous triiodothyronine (T3) due to treatment of myxedema coma in one case and iatrogenic hyperthyroidism in the other. We hypothesized that thyroid hormone may affect the homeostasis of hair follicles. To test our hypothesis and investigate the influence of thyroid hormone on the hair cycle, we used an in vivo murine model and an in vitro model based on culture of follicular units. METHODS We used the standard C57BL/6 murine model of the hair cycle. T3 (0.5 microg) dissolved in ethanol was applied topically once daily for 10 days to a depilated area in the telogen phase on the backs of the mice. Follicular units, obtained from hair transplant interventions, were cultured in vitro with different concentrations of T3. RESULTS On day 5, all T3-treated mice entered the anagen phase, whereas the anagen phase started spontaneously in control mice on day 9, and not until day 15 had all controls entered this phase. In the in vitro experiment, follicular units treated with 100 nmol/L T3 grew significantly larger compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that follicles in the telogen phase can be induced to enter the anagen phase by the topical application of T3. This thyroid hormone may reverse graying of the terminal hair. In the in vitro experiments, T3 stimulated hair shaft growth. Follicular melanocytes may be the target cell for these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Redondo
- Departamento de Dermatología. Clínica Universitaria de Navarra. Pamplona. España.
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España A, Sitaru C, Pretel M, Aguado L, Jimenez J. Erythema gyratum repens-like eruption in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita associated with ulcerative colitis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 156:773-5. [PMID: 17263799 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07746.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Redondo P, Guzmán M, Marquina M, Pretel M, Aguado L, Lloret P, Gorrochategui A. Repigmentation of Gray Hair After Thyroid Hormone Treatment. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1578-2190(07)70525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Ramos I, Aguado L, Pacreu S, Escolano F. [Inadvertent left endobronchial intubation during surgical removal of 4 molars]. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2004; 51:293-4. [PMID: 15214771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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Aguado L. [Cognitive processes and emotional brain systems]. Rev Neurol 2002; 34:1161-70. [PMID: 12134284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In this review we analyse the role of learning and memory processes in normal and pathological emotional phenomena from an integrating perspective that combines the behavioural, cognitive and neurobiological levels. We examine the most recent trends in research into the emotional systems of the brain, which provide important keys to understanding the nature of emotional phenomena. DEVELOPMENT First, we discuss the existing evidence about the non conscious generation of affective responses, which come mainly from studies into Pavlovian fear conditioning. We then go on to analyse the relevance of the distinction between implicit and explicit memory in order to get a better understanding of the relations between cognition and emotion. The role played by the amygdala in the automatic evaluation of danger is considered a basic model for eliciting emotional responses. Finally, we describe how the interaction of the brain systems that the implicit and explicit aspects of emotional memory depend on provides an explanation for several characteristics of pathological anxiety, and we examine the positive or negative influences emotional activation can have on the consolidation of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguado
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España.
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Aguado L, de Brugada I, Hall G, Agate L. Tests for inhibition after extinction of a conditioned stimulus in the flavour aversion procedure. Q J Exp Psychol B 2001; 54:201-17. [PMID: 11547511 DOI: 10.1080/02724990042000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In four experiments, rats received flavour aversion conditioning followed by extinction. The flavour was then subjected to retardation and summation tests. Experiment 1 showed that reacquisition of an extinguished flavour aversion was retarded with respect to the performance shown by rats for whom the flavour was novel. No retardation was found, however, with respect to a control group that had been given non-reinforced pre-exposure to the flavour. Experiment 2 demonstrated that extinction showed the same sensitivity to the effects of a retention interval as did latent inhibition, consistent with the view that the retardation effect was a consequence of the occurrence of latent inhibition during extinction. An extinguished stimulus was also found to alleviate the response governed by a separately trained excitor in a summation test (Experiments 3 and 4), but the size of this effect did not exceed that produced by a control stimulus when the procedure used ensured an equivalent aversion to the test excitor in the two cases. These results challenge the proposal that extinction can turn a stimulus into a net inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguado
- Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Oliveros L, Forneris M, Aguado L. Secretion from neuropeptide-treated splenocytes modifies ovarian steroidogenesis. Medicina (B Aires) 2001; 61:35-40. [PMID: 11265621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There are evidences for modulation of immune function by the sympathetic nervous system and its principal neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) through superior ovarian nerve (SON)-coeliac ganglion-noradrenergic postganglionic innervation of the spleen. Seven days after SON transection at 53 days of age, the rat splenocytes were isolated and then cultured for 48 h. These culture media, used to stimulate ovaries from 60-day-old intact rats (neither SON-transected nor sham-operated) at diestrus 2 stage, in in vitro incubations, showed a decrease in progesterone release, an increase in estradiol release and no change in androstenedione release in relation to splenocyte culture media from control (sham-operated) rats. When splenocytes from SON transected (SON-t) rats were treated with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or neuropeptide Y (NPY), both at 10(-6) M for 24 h, their secretions increased the progesterone release while decreasing the estradiol release from the intact ovaries, compared with the secretions of untreated splenocytes from SON-t rats. Although the secretions of splenocytes treated with VIP decrease the androstenedione release from the ovaries, the treatment with NPY produced no change in hormone release. In the present paper the ovarian steroidogenic response, which was modified by the effects of an in vivo SON transection on spleen cells, was reverted by an in vitro system in which the splenocytes were treated with VIP or NPY. This could indicate that the spleen of SON-t rats does not receive those neuropeptides by neural route however, when they are added to splenocyte culture in vitro, the cell secretions revert the profile of steroid hormones released from the intact ovary. We also present functional evidence for modulation of the immune function by sympathetic nervous system and neurotransmitters other than NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Oliveros
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
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Sosa ZY, Casais M, Rastrilla AM, Aguado L. Adrenergic influences on coeliac ganglion affect the release of progesterone from cycling ovaries: characterisation of an in vitro system. J Endocrinol 2000; 166:307-18. [PMID: 10927620 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1660307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The superior ovarian nerve (SON) arrives at the ovary through the suspensory ligament and innervates mainly the ovarian stroma. Most neurones from which the SON fibres originate are located in the complex coeliac and mesenteric ganglia. Taking into account that other ganglia have been shown to have alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors, and that the coeliac ganglion receives adrenergic fibres from other sympathetic paravertebral and preaortic ganglia, we utilised adrenergic agonists and antagonists specific to the ganglion, to analyse the role of the alpha and beta receptors in ovarian physiology. To that end, it was necessary to develop and standardise an in vitro coeliac ganglion-SON-ovary (coeliac ganglion-SON-O) experimental system that would enable study of the release of steroids in the ovary in the absence of humoral factors. We investigated the effect of adrenergic agents on the liberation of progesterone in the different stages of the oestrous cycle. To this end we placed the coeliac ganglion and the ovary in different compartments, connected through the SON, to produce a system being studied as a whole. Combined neural and hormonal (luteinising hormone (LH)) effects were also examined. Non-specific stimulation with KCl in the ganglion compartment evoked different responses in terms of release of progesterone, depending on the physiological conditions of the cycle; this demonstrated the sensitivity and viability of the system. During pro-oestrus, stimulation of the ganglion compartment with adrenergic agents such as the agonist noradrenaline or the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, did not modify the release of progesterone. In contrast, the alpha-adrenergic antagonist, phentolamine, induced a strong inhibitory response. During the oestrous stage, noradrenaline was inactive, but phentolamine and propranolol exerted a strong stimulus throughout the experiment. On dioestrus day 1 (D1), both noradrenaline and propranolol increased the release of ovarian progesterone, whereas phentolamine had the opposite effect. Finally, on dioestrus day 2 (D2), what was noteworthy was the pronounced inhibitory effect of noradrenaline, whereas phentolamine was inactive and propranolol showed its greatest stimulatory effect. In order to compare the combined neural and endocrine effects on the ovarian release of progesterone, the experiment was carried out during stages D1 and D2, when the corpora lutea are at their peak of activity. Adrenergic agents were added to the ganglion and LH in a final concentration of 50 ng/ml was added to the ovarian comparment. Different effects were observed indicating a differential response to these agents in stimulated and basal conditions. We conclude that the in vitro coeliac ganglion-SON-ovary system is a functional entity because it possesses its own autonomic tone. This is verified because different basal values of progesterone appear in the different stages of the oestrous cycle. In similar fashion, variations of progesterone induced via the neural pathway were observed under different experimental conditions. In contrast, on D2, noradrenaline added to the ganglion compartment had an inhibitory effect on the liberation of ovarian progesterone. This would indicate that, during this phase, noradrenaline may not be the neurotransmitter released in the ovarian compartment, but that other inhibitory molecules might participate in the observed effects. Finally, during D2, the neural input would condition the ovarian response to LH, facilitating the decrease in progesterone necessary to start a new cycle. The experimental scheme is, in our opinion, a valuable tool for the study of peripheral neural participation in ovarian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Sosa
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción (LABIR), Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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Abstract
It is known that ovary and spleen are innervated extensively by afferent and efferent noradrenergic sympathetic nerve fibers from the celiac ganglion. Furthermore, immune cells located in the ovary influence the ovarian physiology. However, the peripheral interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine system is poorly understood. This work was undertaken to study the effect of superior ovarian nerve (SON) transection, in adult rats, on the number of splenocyte beta-adrenergic receptors and their possible relation to ovarian steroidogenesis, measuring the effect of secretions of those splenocytes on progesterone and estradiol release from the ovary. Seven days after SON transection, the splenocytes were isolated and then cultured for 48 h. Their number of beta-adrenergic receptors, measured using [125I]-cyanopindolol as ligand, increased, and their culture media, used to stimulate ovaries from 60-day-old intact (neither SON-transected nor sham-operated) rats in vitro on diestrous day 2 showed a decrease in progesterone release and an increase in estradiol release in relation to splenocyte culture media of control rats (sham-operated; p < 0.001, respectively). The effects of in vivo SON transection were simulated by an in vitro system modulating the splenocyte beta-adrenergic receptor number. The splenocytes from SON-transectioned rats were preincubated with and without norepinephrine (NE) 10(-6) M for 48 h, a low and high number of beta-adrenergic receptors respectively, and then were stimulated with NE 10(-6) M for 24 h. After that, the culture medium from splenocytes with a low number of beta-adrenergic receptors induced progesterone release from the ovaries of intact rats (p < 0. 001), but produced no change in estradiol release. The data suggest that splenocyte secretions, which participate in the ovarian steroidogenic response, particularly in progesterone release, might be controlled by adrenergic influences since the number of splenocyte beta-adrenergic receptors changes through SON-celiac ganglion-noradrenergic postganglionic innervation of the spleen. In estradiol release, probably other neurotransmitters than norepinephrine (NE) are involved when the SON is sectioned. In this paper we also show functional evidence for modulation of immune function by the sympathetic nervous system and its principal neurotransmitter, NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Forneris
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ariño
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario del Mar, UAB, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
In 2 experiments, rats with electrolytic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus and sham-operated control subjects were given injections of lithium chloride after exposure to a distinctive context. This procedure establishes a context-illness association in intact subjects. In Experiment 1, the strength of the context aversion was assessed by measuring the subjects' willingness to consume a novel flavor in the context. It was found that lesioned subjects showed less suppression of consumption than controls. Experiment 2 tested the ability of the context to block subsequent flavor-aversion learning and revealed less effective blocking in lesioned rats. These results are consistent with the view that hippocampal lesions retard context conditioning; unlike previous work that has made use of conditioned freezing as the measure of context conditioning, the present results are not explicable in terms of lesion-induced changes in general activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguado
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
In 2 experiments, rats with electrolytic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus and sham-operated control subjects were given injections of lithium chloride after exposure to a distinctive context. This procedure establishes a context-illness association in intact subjects. In Experiment 1, the strength of the context aversion was assessed by measuring the subjects' willingness to consume a novel flavor in the context. It was found that lesioned subjects showed less suppression of consumption than controls. Experiment 2 tested the ability of the context to block subsequent flavor-aversion learning and revealed less effective blocking in lesioned rats. These results are consistent with the view that hippocampal lesions retard context conditioning; unlike previous work that has made use of conditioned freezing as the measure of context conditioning, the present results are not explicable in terms of lesion-induced changes in general activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguado
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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Lafarque M, Oliveros L, Aguado L. [Effect of adenohypophyseal pars tuberalis secretions on pars distalis prolactin liberation]. Medicina (B Aires) 1998; 58:36-40. [PMID: 9674206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidences presented indicating that factors produced by the pars tuberalis (PT) affect the prolactin liberation by the pars distalis (PD). The effect of the secretion products of bovine PT cells in culture medium was checked on dispersed PD cells of rats. PD cells were assayed in incubations of 30 minutes and superfusion experiments. When medium was obtained from total PT cells, the addition of 9 micrograms of protein was needed to reach the major stimulation of prolactin liberation. However, when the medium from 50-60% Percoll gradient fractions was used, only 4 micrograms of total protein were required. The partial purification of such medium by Sephadex G50 produced the same effect on the liberation of prolactin by PD cells with 80 ng of total protein. The active factor/s should have a molecular weight higher than 30 kDal. The results obtained suggest, at least for the prolactotrophic cells, that PD could be the effector organ for some of the secretory product(s) of PT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lafarque
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción (LABIR), Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina
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Abstract
Three experiments studied the effectiveness of ketamine acting as an aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in a conditioned flavor aversion procedure. In Experiment 1a, three conditioning trials where sucrose was paired with ketamine produced a weak but significant aversion to sucrose; Experiment 1b showed that this effect was not due to a reduced consumption of sucrose caused by ketamine-induced neophobia. In Experiment 2, acquisition of an aversion to sucrose paired with lithium chloride (LiCl) injections was retarded by prior repeated exposure to LiCl but not to ketamine. These results are not consistent with an interpretation of previous results, showing that ketamine impairs the acquisition of flavor aversions based on LiCl-induced illness, as an example of the UCS preexposure effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguado
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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Aguado L, San Antonio A, Pérez L, del Valle R, Gómez J. Effects of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine on flavor memory: conditioned aversion, latent inhibition, and habituation of neophobia. Behav Neural Biol 1994; 61:271-81. [PMID: 8067982 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-1047(05)80010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In four experiments with rats, the effects of the NMDA antagonist ketamine on several forms of gustatory learning were studied. Replicating previous findings, in Experiment 1 ketamine was shown to impair one-trial acquisition of a flavor aversion at the dose of 25 mg/kg, but also produced a significant state-dependency effect. In Experiment 2 ketamine did not alter the process of habituation of neophobia to a new flavor. Abolition of latent inhibition by ketamine injected before preexposure in Experiment 3a was not replicated in Experiment 3b when ketamine was injected before all phases of the experiment. Finally, in Experiment 4 rats injected with ketamine showed slower acquisition of a flavor aversion with a multiple-trial procedure but finally reached a level similar to that shown by saline controls. The implications of these results for an interpretation of the effects of ketamine on flavor aversion learning in terms of interference with flavor memory storage are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aguado
- Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Spinedi E, Aguado L, Basilotta G, Carrizo D. Angiotensin II and glucocorticoid release: direct effect at the adrenal level and modulation of the adrenocorticotropin-induced glucocorticoid release. J Endocrinol Invest 1989; 12:321-7. [PMID: 2549116 DOI: 10.1007/bf03349997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (A II) stimulates adrenal glomerulosa cells releasing mineralocorticoids; however, little is known about the A II effect on glucocorticoids output. The present study has been designed in order to see if A II could modify in vitro spontaneous and ACTH-induced corticosterone (B) release from both fasciculata-reticularis enriched and total adrenal cells. The results indicate that A II at 10(-12), 10(-11), 10(-10) and 10(-6) M concentrations did not modify basal B production and A II 10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) M decreased basal B production from total adrenal cells. Whereas A II (10(-10)-10(-6) M) stimulated B release from fasciculata-reticularis enriched cells. On the one hand, 10(-8) M A II significantly decreased ACTH-elicited B release from total adrenal cells; effect completely abolished by saralasin (SAR, 10(-8) M), a specific A II receptor blocker. On the other hand, 10(-8) M A II did not modify ACTH-induced B release from fasciculata-reticularis enriched cells. Finally, 10(-10) to 10(-6) M A II and 22 pM ACTH stimulated aldosterone output from total adrenal cells; while, fasciculata-reticularis enriched cells did not secrete any measurable amount of aldosterone under basal condition and after incubation with A II. These data further suggest a regulatory role of A II in the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Spinedi
- Centro de Referencia de Radioinmunoensayo, Centro de Especialistas en Analisis Biologicos Distrito I, La Plata, Argentina
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Aguado L, Hancke JL. Luteinizing hormone content of the pars tuberalis of the hypophysis of neonatally androgenized female rats. Experientia 1982; 38:975-7. [PMID: 6889980 DOI: 10.1007/bf01953686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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