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Mueller LM, Isaacson A, Wilson H, Salowka A, Tay I, Gong M, Samir Elbarbary N, Raile K, Spagnoli FM. Heterozygous missense variant in GLI2 impairs human endocrine pancreas development. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2483. [PMID: 38509065 PMCID: PMC10954617 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Missense variants are the most common type of coding genetic variants. Their functional assessment is fundamental for defining any implication in human diseases and may also uncover genes that are essential for human organ development. Here, we apply CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing on human iPSCs to study a heterozygous missense variant in GLI2 identified in two siblings with early-onset and insulin-dependent diabetes of unknown cause. GLI2 is a primary mediator of the Hedgehog pathway, which regulates pancreatic β-cell development in mice. However, neither mutations in GLI2 nor Hedgehog dysregulation have been reported as cause or predisposition to diabetes. We establish and study a set of isogenic iPSC lines harbouring the missense variant for their ability to differentiate into pancreatic β-like cells. Interestingly, iPSCs carrying the missense variant show altered GLI2 transcriptional activity and impaired differentiation of pancreatic progenitors into endocrine cells. RNASeq and network analyses unveil a crosstalk between Hedgehog and WNT pathways, with the dysregulation of non-canonical WNT signaling in pancreatic progenitors carrying the GLI2 missense variant. Collectively, our findings underscore an essential role for GLI2 in human endocrine development and identify a gene variant that may lead to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Mueller
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail Isaacson
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Wilson
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Salowka
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Tay
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Maolian Gong
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Nancy Samir Elbarbary
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes and Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Klemens Raile
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca M Spagnoli
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
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Helker CSM, Mullapudi ST, Mueller LM, Preussner J, Tunaru S, Skog O, Kwon HB, Kreuder F, Lancman JJ, Bonnavion R, Dong PDS, Looso M, Offermanns S, Korsgren O, Spagnoli FM, Stainier DYR. A whole organism small molecule screen identifies novel regulators of pancreatic endocrine development. Development 2019; 146:dev.172569. [PMID: 31142539 DOI: 10.1242/dev.172569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An early step in pancreas development is marked by the expression of the transcription factor Pdx1 within the pancreatic endoderm, where it is required for the specification of all endocrine cell types. Subsequently, Pdx1 expression becomes restricted to the β-cell lineage, where it plays a central role in β-cell function. This pivotal role of Pdx1 at various stages of pancreas development makes it an attractive target to enhance pancreatic β-cell differentiation and increase β-cell function. In this study, we used a newly generated zebrafish reporter to screen over 8000 small molecules for modulators of pdx1 expression. We found four hit compounds and validated their efficacy at different stages of pancreas development. Notably, valproic acid treatment increased pancreatic endoderm formation, while inhibition of TGFβ signaling led to α-cell to β-cell transdifferentiation. HC toxin, another HDAC inhibitor, enhances β-cell function in primary mouse and human islets. Thus, using a whole organism screening strategy, this study identified new pdx1 expression modulators that can be used to influence different steps in pancreas and β-cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S M Helker
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany .,Philipps-University Marburg, Faculty of Biology, Cell Signaling and Dynamics, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sri-Teja Mullapudi
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Laura M Mueller
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Jens Preussner
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, ECCPS Bioinformatics Core Unit, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sorin Tunaru
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Pharmacology, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Biochemistry Institute of the Romanian Academy, Department of Enzymology, Bucharest 060031, Romania
| | - Oskar Skog
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hyouk-Bum Kwon
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Florian Kreuder
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Joseph J Lancman
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Remy Bonnavion
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Pharmacology, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - P Duc Si Dong
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mario Looso
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, ECCPS Bioinformatics Core Unit, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Pharmacology, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ole Korsgren
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesca M Spagnoli
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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Lambing A, Kachalsky E, Mueller LM, Kuriakose P. Factor for felons: how can we provide haemophilia care to the incarcerated? Haemophilia 2015; 21:772-7. [PMID: 26178271 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In 2011, 6.98-million offenders were documented in the adult correctional system, with state operating costs designated 12% towards medical care ($11.97 day per inmate) for the general population. Common co-existing health problems identified are: arthritis (13%), hypertension (11%), asthma (10%) and heart problems (6%). Less than 5% of inmates have health issues related to cancer, diabetes, liver or renal problems and communicable diseases. The leading cause of death is suicide (33.2%), followed by heart disease (26.1%). Despite these statistics quality is lacking. Given these statistics, one would expect that a small proportion of patients from Hemophilia Treatment Center (HTC) will spend some time within the justice system. Currently there are no data addressing haemophilia care needs while incarcerated. METHODS This article will review the current health care issues in the adult correctional system. Additionally, six case reports of incarcerated haemophiliacs will be highlighted exploring the successes and challenges with maintaining haemophilia care addressing the priority of meeting the haemophilia care needs verses the penal system regulations. SUMMARY It can be expected that at some point, the HTC will experience a patient incarcerated for some period of time. The HTC will continue to advocate for their patient within this system, despite the many challenges faced. CONCLUSIONS Despite the challenges outlined, ongoing communication and education with the correctional system, education of the medical personnel and prison personnel remains the priority as we advocate for our patients. Continued strategies in these areas are paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lambing
- Henry Ford and Bleeding and Thrombosis Treatment Center Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - E Kachalsky
- Henry Ford and Bleeding and Thrombosis Treatment Center Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - L M Mueller
- Henry Ford and Bleeding and Thrombosis Treatment Center Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - P Kuriakose
- Henry Ford and Bleeding and Thrombosis Treatment Center Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
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