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Veschi V, Turdo A, Modica C, Verona F, Di Franco S, Gaggianesi M, Tirrò E, Di Bella S, Iacono ML, Pantina VD, Porcelli G, Mangiapane LR, Bianca P, Rizzo A, Sciacca E, Pillitteri I, Vella V, Belfiore A, Bongiorno MR, Pistone G, Memeo L, Colarossi L, Giuffrida D, Colarossi C, Vigneri P, Todaro M, Stassi G. Recapitulating thyroid cancer histotypes through engineering embryonic stem cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1351. [PMID: 36906579 PMCID: PMC10008571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36922-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common malignancy of endocrine organs. The cell subpopulation in the lineage hierarchy that serves as cell of origin for the different TC histotypes is unknown. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with appropriate in vitro stimulation undergo sequential differentiation into thyroid progenitor cells (TPCs-day 22), which maturate into thyrocytes (day 30). Here, we create follicular cell-derived TCs of all the different histotypes based on specific genomic alterations delivered by CRISPR-Cas9 in hESC-derived TPCs. Specifically, TPCs harboring BRAFV600E or NRASQ61R mutations generate papillary or follicular TC, respectively, whereas addition of TP53R248Q generate undifferentiated TCs. Of note, TCs arise by engineering TPCs, whereas mature thyrocytes have a very limited tumorigenic capacity. The same mutations result in teratocarcinomas when delivered in early differentiating hESCs. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1)/Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9)/Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) ternary complex, in cooperation with Kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R), is involved in TC initiation and progression. Increasing radioiodine uptake, KISS1R and TIMP1 targeting may represent a therapeutic adjuvant option for undifferentiated TCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Modica
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Verona
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elena Tirrò
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Di Bella
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Davide Pantina
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetana Porcelli
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Bianca
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Sciacca
- Queen Mary University, Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Pillitteri
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Bongiorno
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pistone
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Colarossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - Dario Giuffrida
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Colarossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,A.O.U.P. "Paolo Giaccone", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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2
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Gaggianesi M, Mangiapane LR, Modica C, Pantina VD, Porcelli G, Di Franco S, Lo Iacono M, D’Accardo C, Verona F, Pillitteri I, Turdo A, Veschi V, Brancato OR, Muratore G, Pistone G, Bongiorno MR, Todaro M, De Maria R, Stassi G. Dual Inhibition of Myc Transcription and PI3K Activity Effectively Targets Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030673. [PMID: 35158939 PMCID: PMC8833549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Compelling evidence has shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for high resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapies. Here, we demonstrate that the tumor microenvironment protects CR-CSCs from EGFR/HER2, BRAF and PI3K targeting, promoting CD44v6 and Myc expression. Alternatively, as a substitution for HER2 and BRAF, the Myc transcription inhibitor can overcome the protective effects of microenvironmental cytokines, impairing the survival of CR-CSCs. These data highlight the targeting of Myc and PI3K activity as a novel therapeutic strategy against advanced colorectal cancer. Abstract Despite advances in the curative approach, the survival rate of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is still poor, which is likely due to the emergence of cancer cell clones resistant to the available therapeutic options. We have already shown that CD44v6-positive CRC stem cells (CR-CSCs) are refractory toward standard anti-tumor therapeutic agents due to the activation of the PI3K pathway together with high HER2 expression levels. Tumor microenvironmental cytokines confer resistance to CR-CSCs against HER2/PI3K targeting by enhancing activation of the MAPK pathway. Here, we show that the CSC compartment, spared by BRAF inhibitor-based targeted therapy, is associated with increased expression levels of CD44v6 and Myc and retains boosted clonogenic activity along with residual tumorigenic potential. Inhibition of Myc transcription, downstream of the MAPK cascade components, and PI3K pathway activity was able to overcome the protective effects of microenvironmental cytokines, affecting the survival and the clonogenic activity of CR-CSCs, regardless of their mutational background. Likewise, the double targeting induced stabilization of mouse tumor avatars. Altogether, these data outline the rationale for dual kinase targeting of CR-CSCs to prevent their adaptive response, which would lead to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Chiara Modica
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Davide Pantina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Gaetana Porcelli
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Caterina D’Accardo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Francesco Verona
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Irene Pillitteri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Ornella Roberta Brancato
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giampaolo Muratore
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Pistone
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Maria Rita Bongiorno
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.R.M.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (F.V.); (A.T.); (G.P.); (M.R.B.); (M.T.)
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico A Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.D.M.); (G.S.); Tel.: +39-06-3015-4914 (R.D.M.); +39-091-2389-0813 (G.S.)
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (M.G.); (C.M.); (V.D.P.); (S.D.F.); (M.L.I.); (I.P.); (V.V.); (O.R.B.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.D.M.); (G.S.); Tel.: +39-06-3015-4914 (R.D.M.); +39-091-2389-0813 (G.S.)
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3
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Mangiapane LR, Nicotra A, Turdo A, Gaggianesi M, Bianca P, Di Franco S, Sardina DS, Veschi V, Signore M, Beyes S, Fagnocchi L, Fiori ME, Bongiorno MR, Lo Iacono M, Pillitteri I, Ganduscio G, Gulotta G, Medema JP, Zippo A, Todaro M, De Maria R, Stassi G. PI3K-driven HER2 expression is a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer stem cells. Gut 2022; 71:119-128. [PMID: 33436496 PMCID: PMC8666826 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer stem cells are responsible for tumour spreading and relapse. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is a negative prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) and a potential target in tumours carrying the gene amplification. Our aim was to define the expression of HER2 in colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs) and its possible role as therapeutic target in CRC resistant to anti- epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy. DESIGN A collection of primary sphere cell cultures obtained from 60 CRC specimens was used to generate CR-CSC mouse avatars to preclinically validate therapeutic options. We also made use of the ChIP-seq analysis for transcriptional evaluation of HER2 activation and global RNA-seq to identify the mechanisms underlying therapy resistance. RESULTS Here we show that in CD44v6-positive CR-CSCs, high HER2 expression levels are associated with an activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, which promotes the acetylation at the regulatory elements of the Erbb2 gene. HER2 targeting in combination with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors induces CR-CSC death and regression of tumour xenografts, including those carrying Kras and Pik3ca mutation. Requirement for the triple targeting is due to the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts, which release cytokines able to confer CR-CSC resistance to PI3K/AKT inhibitors. In contrast, targeting of PI3K/AKT as monotherapy is sufficient to kill liver-disseminating CR-CSCs in a model of adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSIONS While PI3K targeting kills liver-colonising CR-CSCs, the concomitant inhibition of PI3K, HER2 and MEK is required to induce regression of tumours resistant to anti-EGFR therapies. These data may provide a rationale for designing clinical trials in the adjuvant and metastatic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Nicotra
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Bianca
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Stefano Sardina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Sven Beyes
- Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luca Fagnocchi
- Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Micol Eleonora Fiori
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Bongiorno
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Irene Pillitteri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gloria Ganduscio
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Gulotta
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands,Oncode Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Alessio Zippo
- Department of Cellular, Computational, and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Roma, Italy .,Policlinico A Gemelli, Roma, Lazio, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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4
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Di Franco S, Parrino B, Gaggianesi M, Pantina VD, Bianca P, Nicotra A, Mangiapane LR, Lo Iacono M, Ganduscio G, Veschi V, Brancato OR, Glaviano A, Turdo A, Pillitteri I, Colarossi L, Cascioferro S, Carbone D, Pecoraro C, Fiori ME, De Maria R, Todaro M, Screpanti I, Cirrincione G, Diana P, Stassi G. CHK1 inhibitor sensitizes resistant colorectal cancer stem cells to nortopsentin. iScience 2021; 24:102664. [PMID: 34169240 PMCID: PMC8209271 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited therapeutic options are available for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we report that exposure to a neo-synthetic bis(indolyl)thiazole alkaloid analog, nortopsentin 234 (NORA234), leads to an initial reduction of proliferative and clonogenic potential of CRC sphere cells (CR-CSphCs), followed by an adaptive response selecting the CR-CSphC-resistant compartment. Cells spared by the treatment with NORA234 express high levels of CD44v6, associated with a constitutive activation of Wnt pathway. In CR-CSphC-based organoids, NORA234 causes a genotoxic stress paralleled by G2-M cell cycle arrest and activation of CHK1, driving the DNA damage repair of CR-CSphCs, regardless of the mutational background, microsatellite stability, and consensus molecular subtype. Synergistic combination of NORA234 and CHK1 (rabusertib) targeting is synthetic lethal inducing death of both CD44v6-negative and CD44v6-positive CRC stem cell fractions, aside from Wnt pathway activity. These data could provide a rational basis to develop an effective strategy for the treatment of patients with CRC. CR-CSCs acquire a long-term resistance to the NORA234 treatment Replicative and genotoxic stress induces the activation of CHK1 Adaptive response to NORA234 is associated with high expression levels of CHK1 NORA234 together with targeting of CHK1 leads to depletion of CR-CSC compartment
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Davide Pantina
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Bianca
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Nicotra
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gloria Ganduscio
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ornella Roberta Brancato
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Glaviano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Irene Pillitteri
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Colarossi
- Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Micol Eleonora Fiori
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Roma, Italy.,Policlinico A Gemelli, Lazio, Roma, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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5
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Lepore Signorile M, Grossi V, Di Franco S, Forte G, Disciglio V, Fasano C, Sanese P, De Marco K, Susca FC, Mangiapane LR, Nicotra A, Di Carlo G, Dituri F, Giannelli G, Ingravallo G, Canettieri G, Stassi G, Simone C. Pharmacological targeting of the novel β-catenin chromatin-associated kinase p38α in colorectal cancer stem cell tumorspheres and organoids. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:316. [PMID: 33767160 PMCID: PMC7994846 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently unsatisfactory. This is mainly due to drug resistance, recurrence, and subsequent metastatic dissemination, which are sustained by the cancer stem cell (CSC) population. The main driver of the CSC gene expression program is Wnt signaling, and previous reports indicate that Wnt3a can activate p38 MAPK. Besides, p38 was shown to feed into the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Here we show that patient-derived locally advanced CRC stem cells (CRC-SCs) are characterized by increased expression of p38α and are "addicted" to its kinase activity. Of note, we found that stage III CRC patients with high p38α levels display reduced disease-free and progression-free survival. Extensive molecular analysis in patient-derived CRC-SC tumorspheres and APCMin/+ mice intestinal organoids revealed that p38α acts as a β-catenin chromatin-associated kinase required for the regulation of a signaling platform involved in tumor proliferation, metastatic dissemination, and chemoresistance in these CRC model systems. In particular, the p38α kinase inhibitor ralimetinib, which has already entered clinical trials, promoted sensitization of patient-derived CRC-SCs to chemotherapeutic agents commonly used for CRC treatment and showed a synthetic lethality effect when used in combination with the MEK1 inhibitor trametinib. Taken together, these results suggest that p38α may be targeted in CSCs to devise new personalized CRC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy.
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Cellular & Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical & Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Francesco Claudio Susca
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Cellular & Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical & Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Nicotra
- Cellular & Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical & Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Carlo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Operating Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Dituri
- Personalized Medicine, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Personalized Medicine, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Operating Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Cellular & Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical & Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for Gastroenterology, IRCCS 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (Ba), Italy.
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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6
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Petrelli A, Carollo R, Cargnelutti M, Iovino F, Callari M, Cimino D, Todaro M, Mangiapane LR, Giammona A, Cordova A, Montemurro F, Taverna D, Daidone MG, Stassi G, Giordano S. Correction: By promoting cell differentiation, miR-100 sensitizes basal-like breast cancer stem cells to hormonal therapy. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5003-5004. [PMID: 31452840 PMCID: PMC6697642 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Petrelli
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Rosachiara Carollo
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marilisa Cargnelutti
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Flora Iovino
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Cimino
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Oncological Sciences, Center for Molecular Systems Biology, Via Nizza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giammona
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Montemurro
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Oncological Sciences, Center for Molecular Systems Biology, Via Nizza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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7
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Virzì F, Bianca P, Giammona A, Apuzzo T, Di Franco S, Mangiapane LR, Colorito ML, Catalano D, Scavo E, Nicotra A, Benfante A, Pistone G, Caputo V, Dieli F, Pirrello R, Stassi G. Combined platelet-rich plasma and lipofilling treatment provides great improvement in facial skin-induced lesion regeneration for scleroderma patients. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:236. [PMID: 29058626 PMCID: PMC5651639 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for regenerative medicine is gaining interest for the clinical benefits so far obtained in patients. This study investigates the use of adipose autologous tissue in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to improve the clinical outcome of patients affected by systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and PRPs were purified from healthy donors and SSc patients. The multilineage differentiation potential of AD-MSCs and their genotypic–phenotypic features were investigated. A cytokine production profile was evaluated on AD-MSCs and PRPs from both healthy subjects and SSc patients. The adipose tissue-derived cell fraction, the so-called stromal vascular fraction (SVF), was coinjected with PRP in the perioral area of SSc patients. Results Histopathological and phenotypical analysis of adipose tissue from SSc patients revealed a disorganization of its distinct architecture coupled with an altered cell composition. Although AD-MSCs derived from SSc patients showed high multipotency, they failed to sustain a terminally differentiated progeny. Furthermore, SVFs derived from SSc patients differed from healthy donors in their MSC-like traits coupled with an aberrant cytokine production profile. Finally, the administration of PRP in combination with autologous SVF improved buccal’s rhyme, skin elasticity and vascularization for all of the SSc patients enrolled in this study. Conclusions This innovative regenerative therapy could be exploited for the treatment of chronic connective tissue diseases, including SSc. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0690-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Virzì
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Paola Bianca
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giammona
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Tiziana Apuzzo
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Colorito
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Dario Catalano
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scavo
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Annalisa Nicotra
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Antonina Benfante
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pistone
- DiBiMIS, Piazza delle Cliniche, 2, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Valentina Caputo
- DiBiMIS, Piazza delle Cliniche, 2, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis & Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Roberto Pirrello
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 131, Palermo, 90127, Italy.
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8
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Lo Presti E, Toia F, Oieni S, Buccheri S, Turdo A, Mangiapane LR, Campisi G, Caputo V, Todaro M, Stassi G, Cordova A, Moschella F, Rinaldi G, Meraviglia S, Dieli F. Squamous Cell Tumors Recruit γδ T Cells Producing either IL17 or IFNγ Depending on the Tumor Stage. Cancer Immunol Res 2017; 5:397-407. [PMID: 28351891 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-16-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of reciprocal interactions between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the microenviroment may help us understand mechanisms of tumor growth inhibition or progression. We have assessed the frequencies of tumor-infiltrating and circulating γδ T cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) from 47 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), to determine if they correlated with progression or survival. Vδ1 T cells infiltrated SSC tissue to a greater extent than normal skin, but SCC patients and healthy subjects had similar amounts circulating. However, Vδ2 T cells were present at higher frequencies in circulation than in the tissue of either cancer patients or healthy donors. Tregs were decreased in the peripheral blood of SCC patients, but were significantly increased in the tumor compartment of these patients. Tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells preferentially showed an effector memory phenotype and made either IL17 or IFNγ depending on the tumor stage, whereas circulating γδ T cells of SCC patients preferentially made IFNγ. Different cell types in the tumor microenvironment produced chemokines that could recruit circulating γδ T cells to the tumor site and other cytokines that could reprogram γδ T cells to produce IL17. These findings suggest the possibility that γδ T cells in SCC are recruited from the periphery and their features are then affected by the tumor microenvironment. Elevated frequencies of infiltrating Vδ2 T cells and Tregs differently correlated with early and advanced tumor stages, respectively. Our results provide insights into the functions of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells and define potential tools for tumor immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(5); 397-407. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lo Presti
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Toia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Oieni
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Buccheri
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Abdominal Diseases and Transplantation, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Surgical and Oncological and Oral Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Surgical and Oncological and Oral Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Caputo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of DIBIMIS, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical and Oncological and Oral Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetana Rinaldi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Meraviglia
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. .,Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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9
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Giammona A, Mangiapane LR, Di Franco S, Benfante A, Todaro M, Stassi G. Innovative Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-017-0353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Petrelli A, Carollo R, Cargnelutti M, Iovino F, Callari M, Cimino D, Todaro M, Mangiapane LR, Giammona A, Cordova A, Montemurro F, Taverna D, Daidone MG, Stassi G, Giordano S. By promoting cell differentiation, miR-100 sensitizes basal-like breast cancer stem cells to hormonal therapy. Oncotarget 2015; 6:2315-30. [PMID: 25537513 PMCID: PMC4385854 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancer is an aggressive tumor subtype with a poor response to conventional therapies. Tumor formation and relapse are sustained by a cell subset of Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BrCSCs). Here we show that miR-100 inhibits maintenance and expansion of BrCSCs in basal-like cancer through Polo-like kinase1 (Plk1) down-regulation. Moreover, miR-100 favors BrCSC differentiation, converting a basal like phenotype into luminal. It induces the expression of a functional estrogen receptor (ER) and renders basal-like BrCSCs responsive to hormonal therapy. The key role played by miR-100 in breast cancer free-survival is confirmed by the analysis of a cohort of patients' tumors, which shows that low expression of miR-100 is a negative prognostic factor and is associated with gene signatures of high grade undifferentiated tumors. Our findings indicate a new possible therapeutic strategy, which could make aggressive breast cancers responsive to standard treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Petrelli
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Rosachiara Carollo
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marilisa Cargnelutti
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Flora Iovino
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Cimino
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Oncological Sciences, Center for Molecular Systems Biology, Via Nizza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Rosa Mangiapane
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giammona
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Montemurro
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Department of Oncological Sciences, Center for Molecular Systems Biology, Via Nizza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Str. Provinciale, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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