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Quintela-Castro FCDA, Pereira TSS, Alves DB, Chiepe L, Nascimento LS, Chiepe KCMB, Barcelos RM, Costa BM, Enriquez-Martinez OG, Rossoni JV, Bellettini-Santos T. Lipid profile and risk of cardiovascular disease in adult transgender men receiving cross-sex hormone therapy: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:1310-1320. [PMID: 36779324 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT A recent US national survey of the health status of the male transgender population has raised awareness about the little-studied relationship between testosterone hormone therapy in transgender men and cardiovascular outcomes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to assess the relationship between cross-sex hormone therapy in transgender men and lipid profiles and cardiovascular risk. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, SciELO, SpringerLink, and EBSCOhost databases were searched up to March 2021 for studies assessing the association between cross-sex hormone therapy and the incidence of outcomes related to cardiovascular disease in transgender men over 18 years of age . DATA EXTRACTION Data extracted were sorted into clinical data (systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure), anthropometric data (body mass index, weight, waist circumference, fat mass, and lean mass), and biochemical data (triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [VLDL-C], and the HDL-C to LDL-C ratio). DATA ANALYSIS Study quality was appraised independently by two reviewers using the Cochrane tools for assessment of methodological quality or risk of bias in nonrandomized studies, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied. Of 735 studies identified, 11 were included in the review. Most studies reported no change in cholesterol or triglyceride levels after hormone treatment. A reduction in HDL-C levels was observed in 7 of 11 studies, although this alone cannot be considered a cardiovascular risk factor. Likewise, clinical and anthropometric findings showed no changes predictive of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS Although these findings suggest that hormone therapy may lead to a decrease in HDL-C levels and an increase in LDL-C levels, they are insufficient to establish a relationship with cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, no significant effects on metabolic and anthropometric values were found. Further studies with higher quality and longer follow-up periods are needed to establish cardiovascular risk. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD 42020212560.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Danúbia Boy Alves
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Chiepe
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Laura Sperandio Nascimento
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Mazioli Barcelos
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Maia Costa
- Department of Health, Multivix College São Mateus, São Mateus, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Joamyr Victor Rossoni
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Colatina, Espirito Santo, Brazil
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Durso DF, Silveira-Nunes G, Coelho MM, Camatta GC, Ventura LH, Nascimento LS, Caixeta F, Cunha EHM, Castelo-Branco A, Fonseca DM, Maioli TU, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Sala C, Bacalini MJ, Garagnani P, Nardini C, Franceschi C, Faria AMC. Living in endemic area for infectious diseases accelerates epigenetic age. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 207:111713. [PMID: 35931241 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammaging is a low-grade inflammatory state generated by the aging process that can contribute to frailty and age-related diseases in the elderly. However, it can have distinct effects in the elderly living in endemic areas for infectious diseases. An increased inflammatory response may confer protection against infectious agents in these areas, although this advantage can cause accelerating epigenetic aging. In this study, we evaluated the inflammatory profile and the epigenetic age of infected and noninfected individuals from an endemic area in Brazil. The profile of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors analyzed in the sera of the two groups of individuals showed similarities, although infected individuals had a higher concentration of these mediators. A significant increase in IL-1ra, CXCL8, CCL2, CCL3 and CCL4 production was associated with leprosy infection. Notably, elderly individuals displayed distinct immune responses associated with their infection status when compared to adults suggesting an adaptive remodelling of their immune responses. Epigenetic analysis also showed that there was no difference in epigenetic age between the two groups of individuals. However, individuals from the endemic area had a significant accelerated aging when compared to individuals from São Paulo, a non-endemic area in Brazil. Moreover, the latter cohort was also epigenetically aged in relation to an Italian cohort. Our data shows that living in endemic areas for chronic infectious diseases results in remodelling of inflammaging and acceleration of epigenetic aging in individuals regardless of their infectious status. It also highlights that geographical, genetic and environmental factors influence aging and immunosenescence in their pace and profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Durso
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - G Silveira-Nunes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - M M Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - G C Camatta
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - L H Ventura
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - L S Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - F Caixeta
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - E H M Cunha
- Universidade Vale do Rio Doce, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - A Castelo-Branco
- Centro de Referência em Doenças Endêmicas e Programas Especiais, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - D M Fonseca
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T U Maioli
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - A Teixeira-Carvalho
- Instituto de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - C Sala
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M J Bacalini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Garagnani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Nardini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Franceschi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Research Laboratory of System Medicine for Healthy Ageing, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - A M C Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Kurtz T, Feil AC, Nascimento LS, de Oliveira Abreu P, Scotta MC, Pinto LA. Effect of neonatal bacille Calmette-Guérin on the tuberculin skin test reaction in the first 2 years of life. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:344-348. [PMID: 30871666 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) is an important reservoir of disease reactivation that is sufficient to generate new cases for decades. The tuberculin skin test (TST) is an important tool to diagnose LTBI; however, neonatal bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination may impact interpretation of TST data. OBJECTIVES To analyse the effect of the neonatal BCG vaccine on TST reaction in the first 2 years of life in children with no identified contact with tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study in children up to 2 years of age who received neonatal BCG vaccination. In the absence of baseline comorbidities or contact with the bacillus, the children were given the TST. RESULTS Seventy-nine children participated in the study. A decline in TST reactivity was observed in the first 12-24 months of age in patients who had been vaccinated with neonatal BCG but with no contact with TB. After the age of 10 months, no patient showed a TST reaction of >5 mm. CONCLUSION BCG had low impact on the TST in children with no TB contact. This finding suggests the need to reassess the cut-off point to 5 mm of induration to improve TST specificity in LTBI identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kurtz
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit
| | - A C Feil
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul
| | - L S Nascimento
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul
| | | | | | - L A Pinto
- Paediatric Pulmonology Unit, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Nascimento LS, Santos AC, Lucena JMS, Silva LGO, Almeida AEM, Brasileiro-Santos MS. Acute and chronic effects of aerobic exercise on blood pressure in resistant hypertension: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:250. [PMID: 28578691 PMCID: PMC5457580 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-1985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistant hypertension is a specific condition that affects approximately 10% of subjects with hypertension, and is characterized by persistently high blood pressure levels even using therapy of three or more antihypertensive agents or with blood pressure control using therapy with four or more antihypertensive agents. Changes in lifestyle, such as physical exercise, are indicated for controlling blood pressure. However, investigating studies about this therapy in individuals with resistant hypertension are few. METHODS/DESIGN This is a randomized controlled clinical trial. Forty-eight patients with resistant hypertension will be submitted to perform four short-term interventions: aerobic exercise sessions (mild-, moderate- and high-intensity) and control session, in random order and on separate days. After the short-term sessions, the patients will be randomly allocated into four groups for 8 weeks of follow-up: mild-, moderate- and high-intensity aerobic exercise, and a control group. The primary outcome is the occurrence of blood pressure reduction (office and ambulatory analysis, and acute and chronic effects). Secondary outcomes are autonomic and hemodynamic mechanisms: cardiac and vasomotor autonomic modulation, spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, forearm blood flow and vascular resistance. DISCUSSION The importance of exercise for hypertension has been known for decades, but little is known about the effects on patients with resistant hypertension. This study will help to understand whether different aerobic exercise intensities can induce different responses, as well as by what mechanisms adjustments in blood pressure levels may occur. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02670681 . Registered on 28 January 2016 (first version); Brazilian Registry Platform Clinical Trials: protocol RBR-5q24zh . Registered on 24 June 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- LS Nascimento
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco I, CEP 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
- Programa Associado de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
| | - AC Santos
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco I, CEP 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
- Programa Associado de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
| | - JMS Lucena
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Tocantinópolis, Centro, CEP 77900-000 Tocantinópolis, Tocantins Brasil
| | - LGO Silva
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco I, CEP 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
| | - AEM Almeida
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco I, CEP 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
| | - MS Brasileiro-Santos
- Laboratório de Estudos do Treinamento Físico Aplicado a Saúde, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Castelo Branco I, CEP 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
- Programa Associado de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba Brasil
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Arantes DC, Santos PRG, Oliveira EEG, Nascimento LS. The Nursing Care with the Oral Health of Pregnant Women: A Qualitative Study. Pesqui bras odontopediatria clín integr 2017. [DOI: 10.4034/pboci.2017.171.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Silva Júnior IF, Aguiar NL, Barros WRC, Silva LS, Arantes DC, Nascimento LS. Prevalence and Severity of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in Students of Belém, Brazil. Pesqui bras odontopediatria clín integr 2015. [DOI: 10.4034/pboci.2015.151.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Costa SC, Nascimento LS, Ferreira FJ, Mattos PS, Camara-Lopes LH, Ward LS. Lack of mutations of exon 2 of the MEN1 gene in endocrine and nonendocrine sporadic tumors. Braz J Med Biol Res 2001; 34:861-5. [PMID: 11449303 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2001000700004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to the mutations that underlie most cases of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome, somatic mutations of the MEN1 gene have also been described in sporadic tumors like gastrinomas, insulinomas and bronchial carcinoid neoplasm. We examined exon 2 of this gene, where most of the mutations have been described, in 148 endocrine and nonendocrine sporadic tumors. DNA was obtained by phenol/chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation from 92 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples, and from 40 fresh tumor tissue samples. We used 5 pairs of primers to encompass the complete coding sequence of exon 2 of the MEN1 gene that was screened by the polymerase chain reaction-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique in 78 sporadic thyroid cancers: 28 follicular adenomas, 35 papillary carcinomas, 14 follicular carcinomas, and 1 anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. We also examined 46 adrenal lesions (3 hyperplasias, 3 adenomas and 35 adrenocortical carcinomas, 2 pheochromocytomas, 2 ganglioneuroblastomas, and 1 lymphoma) and 24 breast cancers (6 noninvasive, 16 infiltrating ductal, and 2 invasive lobular tumors). The PCR product of 5 tumors suspected to present band shifts by SSCP was cloned. Direct sense and antisense sequencing did not identify mutations. These results suggest that the MEN1 gene is not important in breast, thyroid or adrenal sporadic tumorigenesis. Because the frequency of mutations varies significantly among tumor subgroups and allelic deletions are frequently observed at 11q13 in thyroid and adrenal cancers, another tumor suppressor gene residing in this region is likely to be involved in the tumorigenesis of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Costa
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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