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Caires CSA, Lima AR, Lima THN, Silva CM, Araujo LO, Aguilera LF, Nascimento VA, Caires ARL, Oliveira SL. Photodynamic inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using Giemsa dye as a photosensitizer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103952. [PMID: 38145771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria calls for innovative approaches to combat multidrug-resistant strains. Here, the potential of the standard histological stain, Giemsa, to act as a photosensitizer (PS) for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains is reported. Bioassays were performed using various Giemsa concentrations (ranging from 0.0 to 20.0 µM) under 625 nm illumination at a light dose of 30 J cm-2. Remarkably, Giemsa completely inhibited the growth of MSSA and MRSA bacterial colonies for concentrations at 10 µM and higher but exhibited no inhibitory effect without light exposure. Partition coefficient analysis revealed Giemsa's affinity for membranes. Furthermore, we quantified the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and singlet oxygen (1O2) to elucidate the aPDI mechanisms underlying bacterial inactivation mediated by Giemsa. These findings highlight Giemsa stain's potential as a PS in aPDI for targeting multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia S A Caires
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil; Escola de Saúde, Santa Casa de Campo Grande, Campo Grande, MS 79002-201, Brazil
| | - Alessandra R Lima
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil; Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP CP 369, Brazil
| | - Thalita H N Lima
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil; Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP CP 369, Brazil
| | - Cicera M Silva
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil
| | - Leandro O Araujo
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil
| | - Laís F Aguilera
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil
| | - Valter A Nascimento
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil
| | - Anderson R L Caires
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil.
| | - Samuel L Oliveira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS CP 549, Brazil.
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Azevedo JRA, Azevedo RP, Miranda MA, Costa NNR, Araujo LO. Management of hyperglycemia in patients with acute ischemic stroke: comparison of two strategies. Crit Care 2009. [PMCID: PMC4085448 DOI: 10.1186/cc7850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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