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Monterroza L, Munoz L, Bommireddy R, samaranayake S, Pack C, Selvaraj P. Effect of Standard of Care Treatment on Tumor Membrane Vesicle Vaccine for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.66.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis primarily due to metastatic potential and resistance to currently available therapies. Recent studies suggest that TNBC may be a viable target for immunotherapy due to the presence of high levels of infiltrating lymphocytes. However, many TNBC patients do not respond due to high intra-tumoral and inter-patient heterogeneity. Utilizing a novel protein transfer method, we generate a personalized vaccine based on tumor membrane vesicles (TMVs) derived from whole tumor tissues modified with glycolipid-anchored forms of the immunostimulatory molecules (GPI-ISMs) B7-1 and IL-12. In prior studies we observed that simultaneous delivery of TMVs along with biological adjuvants enhanced CD8 T cell immunity. Herein, we investigated the impact of standard-of-care (SOC) chemotherapy on the resulting quality of the TMV vaccine. Mice were injected with 4T1 TNBC cells subcutaneously and treated with three rounds of SOC drugs starting at day 15. Chemotherapies affected tumor growth to varying degrees. Mice were euthanized and tumors were harvested for TMV preparation. Results show that depending on the treatment, the yield and particle size of TMVs was impacted. While SOC drugs affected some surface markers on TMVs, expression of CD24 and CD11b was unchanged. Further, there was reduced uptake of TMVs by dendritic cells prepared from cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil treated tumors. GPI-ISMs were equally incorporated by protein transfer onto TMVs despite SOC treatments. In summary, our studies in the 4T1 model show that a TMV vaccine can be successfully prepared after chemotherapy, but the impact on TMV yield and size justifies further investigation.
Supported by R01 CA202763
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Munoz LE, Huang L, Bommireddy R, Sharma R, Monterroza L, Guin RN, Samaranayake SG, Pack CD, Ramachandiran S, Reddy SJC, Shanmugam M, Selvaraj P. Metformin reduces PD-L1 on tumor cells and enhances the anti-tumor immune response generated by vaccine immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002614. [PMID: 34815353 PMCID: PMC8611422 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PD-L1 is one of the major immune checkpoints which limits the effectiveness of antitumor immunity. Blockade of PD-L1/PD-1 has been a major improvement in the treatment of certain cancers, however, the response rate to checkpoint blockade remains low suggesting a need for new therapies. Metformin has emerged as a potential new drug for the treatment of cancer due to its effects on PD-L1 expression, T cell responses, and the immunosuppressive environment within tumors. While the benefits of metformin in combination with checkpoint blockade have been reported in animal models, little remains known about its effect on other types of immunotherapy. Methods Vaccine immunotherapy and metformin were administered to mice inoculated with tumors to investigate the effect of metformin and TMV vaccine on tumor growth, metastasis, PD-L1 expression, immune cell infiltration, and CD8 T cell phenotype. The effect of metformin on IFN-γ induced PD-L1 expression in tumor cells was assessed by flow cytometry, western blot, and RT-qPCR. Results We observed that tumors that respond to metformin and vaccine immunotherapy combination show a reduction in surface PD-L1 expression compared with tumor models that do not respond to metformin. In vitro assays showed that the effect of metformin on tumor cell PD-L1 expression was mediated in part by AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. Vaccination results in increased T cell infiltration in all tumor models, and this was not further enhanced by metformin. However, we observed an increased number of CD8 T cells expressing PD-1, Ki-67, Tim-3, and CD62L as well as increased effector cytokine production after treatment with metformin and tumor membrane vesicle vaccine. Conclusions Our data suggest that metformin can synergize with vaccine immunotherapy to augment the antitumor response through tumor-intrinsic mechanisms and also alter the phenotype and function of CD8 T cells within the tumor, which could provide insights for its use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Enrique Munoz
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Richa Sharma
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lenore Monterroza
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rohini N Guin
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Mala Shanmugam
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Periasamy Selvaraj
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Ross JL, Chen Z, Herting CJ, Grabovska Y, Szulzewsky F, Puigdelloses M, Monterroza L, Switchenko J, Wadhwani NR, Cimino PJ, Mackay A, Jones C, Read RD, MacDonald TJ, Schniederjan M, Becher OJ, Hambardzumyan D. Platelet-derived growth factor beta is a potent inflammatory driver in paediatric high-grade glioma. Brain 2021; 144:53-69. [PMID: 33300045 PMCID: PMC7954387 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paediatric high-grade gliomas (HGGs) account for the most brain tumour-related deaths in children and have a median survival of 12-15 months. One promising avenue of research is the development of novel therapies targeting the properties of non-neoplastic cell-types within the tumour such as tumour associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs are immunosuppressive and promote tumour malignancy in adult HGG; however, in paediatric medulloblastoma, TAMs exhibit anti-tumour properties. Much is known about TAMs in adult HGG, yet little is known about them in the paediatric setting. This raises the question of whether paediatric HGGs possess a distinct constituency of TAMs because of their unique genetic landscapes. Using human paediatric HGG tissue samples and murine models of paediatric HGG, we demonstrate diffuse midline gliomas possess a greater inflammatory gene expression profile compared to hemispheric paediatric HGGs. We also show despite possessing sparse T-cell infiltration, human paediatric HGGs possess high infiltration of IBA1+ TAMs. CD31, PDGFRβ, and PDGFB all strongly correlate with IBA1+ TAM infiltration. To investigate the TAM population, we used the RCAS/tv-a system to recapitulate paediatric HGG in newborn immunocompetent mice. Tumours are induced in Nestin-positive brain cells by PDGFA or PDGFB overexpression with Cdkn2a or Tp53 co-mutations. Tumours driven by PDGFB have a significantly lower median survival compared to PDGFA-driven tumours and have increased TAM infiltration. NanoString and quantitative PCR analysis indicates PDGFB-driven tumours have a highly inflammatory microenvironment characterized by high chemokine expression. In vitro bone marrow-derived monocyte and microglial cultures demonstrate bone marrow-derived monocytes are most responsible for the production of inflammatory signals in the tumour microenvironment in response to PDGFB stimulation. Lastly, using knockout mice deficient for individual chemokines, we demonstrate the feasibility of reducing TAM infiltration and prolonging survival in both PDGFA and PDGFB-driven tumours. We identify CCL3 as a potential key chemokine in these processes in both humans and mice. Together, these studies provide evidence for the potent inflammatory effects PDGFB has in paediatric HGGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Ross
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory University Graduate Division of Molecular and Systems Pharmacology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yura Grabovska
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Montserrat Puigdelloses
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for the Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Lenore Monterroza
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Switchenko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nitin R Wadhwani
- Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick J Cimino
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alan Mackay
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Renee D Read
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew Schniederjan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Oren J Becher
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Bommireddy R, Munoz LE, Kumari A, Huang L, Fan Y, Monterroza L, Pack CD, Ramachandiran S, Reddy SJ, Kim J, Chen ZG, Saba NF, Shin DM, Selvaraj P. Tumor Membrane Vesicle Vaccine Augments the Efficacy of Anti-PD1 Antibody in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Resistant Squamous Cell Carcinoma Models of Head and Neck Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020182. [PMID: 32295135 PMCID: PMC7348725 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy improved the survival of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. However, more than 80% of the patients are still resistant to this therapy. To test whether the efficacy of ICI therapy can be improved by vaccine-induced immunity, we investigated the efficacy of a tumor membrane-based vaccine immunotherapy in murine models of HNSCC. The tumors, grown subcutaneously, are used to prepare tumor membrane vesicles (TMVs). TMVs are then incorporated with glycolipid-anchored immunostimulatory molecules GPI-B7-1 and GPI-IL-12 by protein transfer to generate the TMV vaccine. This TMV vaccine inhibited tumor growth and improved the survival of mice challenged with SCCVII tumor cells. The tumor-free mice survived for several months, remained tumor-free, and were protected following a secondary tumor cell challenge, suggesting that the TMV vaccine induced an anti-tumor immune memory response. However, no synergy with anti-PD1 mAb was observed in this model. In contrast, the TMV vaccine was effective in inhibiting MOC1 and MOC2 murine oral cancer models and synergized with anti-PD1 mAb in extending the survival of tumor-bearing mice. These observations suggest that tumor tissue based TMV vaccines can be harnessed to develop an effective personalized immunotherapy for HNSCC that can enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramireddy Bommireddy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Luis E. Munoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Anita Kumari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Yijian Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Lenore Monterroza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Christopher D. Pack
- Metaclipse Therapeutics Corporation, Atlanta, GA 30340, USA; (C.D.P.); (S.R.); (S.J.C.R.)
| | - Sampath Ramachandiran
- Metaclipse Therapeutics Corporation, Atlanta, GA 30340, USA; (C.D.P.); (S.R.); (S.J.C.R.)
| | - Shaker J.C. Reddy
- Metaclipse Therapeutics Corporation, Atlanta, GA 30340, USA; (C.D.P.); (S.R.); (S.J.C.R.)
| | - Janet Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Zhuo G. Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (Z.G.C.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Nabil F. Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (Z.G.C.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Dong M. Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (Z.G.C.); (N.F.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.S.); (P.S.); Tel.: +404-778-5990 (D.M.S.); +404-727-5929 (P.S.); Fax: +404-727-5764 (P.S.)
| | - Periasamy Selvaraj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (R.B.); (L.E.M.); (A.K.); (L.H.); (Y.F.); (L.M.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.S.); (P.S.); Tel.: +404-778-5990 (D.M.S.); +404-727-5929 (P.S.); Fax: +404-727-5764 (P.S.)
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Ross J, Chen Z, Szulzewsky F, Monterroza L, Schniederjan M, Becher O, Hambardzumyan D. TMOD-09. TUMOR ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE DYNAMICS IN PEDIATRIC HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz036.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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