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Paronetto O, Allioux C, Diméglio C, Lobjois L, Jeanne N, Ranger N, Boineau J, Pucelle M, Demmou S, Abravanel F, Chapuy-Regaud S, Izopet J, Lhomme S. Characterization of virus‒host recombinant variants of the hepatitis E virus. J Virol 2024:e0029524. [PMID: 38712945 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00295-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus is a single-strand, positive-sense RNA virus that can lead to chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. Virus-host recombinant variants (VHRVs) have been described in such patients. These variants integrate part of human genes into the polyproline-rich region that could introduce new post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as ubiquitination. The aim of this study was to characterize the replication capacity of different VHRVs, namely, RNF19A, ZNF787, KIF1B, EEF1A1, RNA18, RPS17, and RPL6. We used a plasmid encoding the Kernow strain, in which the fragment encoding the S17 insertion was deleted (Kernow p6 delS17) or replaced by fragments encoding the different insertions. The HEV RNA concentrations in the supernatants and the HepG2/C3A cell lysates were determined via RT-qPCR. The capsid protein ORF2 was immunostained. The effect of ribavirin was also assessed. The HEV RNA concentrations in the supernatants and the cell lysates were higher for the variants harboring the RNF19A, ZNF787, KIF1B, RPS17, and EEF1A1 insertions than for the Kernow p6 del S17, while it was not with RNA18 or RPL6 fragments. The number of ORF2 foci was higher for RNF19A, ZNF787, KIF1B, and RPS17 than for Kernow p6 del S17. VHRVs with replicative advantages were less sensitive to the antiviral effect of ribavirin. No difference in PTMs was found between VHRVs with a replicative advantage and those without. In conclusion, our study showed that insertions did not systematically confer a replicative advantage in vitro. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms underlying the differences in replicative capacity. IMPORTANCE Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of viral hepatitis. HEV can lead to chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. Ribavirin treatment is currently used to treat such chronic infections. Recently, seven virus-host recombinant viruses were characterized in immunocompromised patients. These viruses have incorporated a portion of a human gene fragment into their genome. We studied the consequences of these insertions on the replication capacity. We found that these inserted fragments could enhance virus replication for five of the seven recombinant variants. We also showed that the recombinant variants with replicative advantages were less sensitive to ribavirin in vitro. Finally, we found that the mechanisms leading to such a replicative advantage do not seem to rely on the post-translational modifications introduced by the human gene fragment that could have modified the function of the viral protein. The mechanisms involved in improving the replication of such recombinant viruses remain to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Paronetto
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Allioux
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Chloé Diméglio
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Lhorane Lobjois
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Jeanne
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Noémie Ranger
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Boineau
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélanie Pucelle
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sofia Demmou
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Abravanel
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sabine Chapuy-Regaud
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Izopet
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Lhomme
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), UMR 5051 (CNRS), UMR 1291 (INSERM), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Guillaume E, Zacharopoulou M, Reynolds B, Aresu L, Lobjois L, Bleuart C, Bourgès-Abella N, Delverdier M, Lucas MN, Lavoué R, Gaide N. Additional Value of Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Feline Collagen Type III Glomerulopathy. J Comp Pathol 2021; 188:37-43. [PMID: 34686276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A 1.5-year-old neutered female Domestic Shorthair cat was euthanized after the diagnosis of end-stage protein-losing nephropathy associated with the onset of nephrotic syndrome. At necropsy, both kidneys were diffusely pale and swollen with a granular cortex. Histologically, glomeruli had diffuse global mesangial and capillary wall expansion by homogeneous pale eosinophilic material. This material was Congo red negative, blue with Masson's trichrome stain, weakly positive with periodic acid-Schiff stain, bright red with Picrosirius red and birefringent under polarized light. Transmission electron microscopy and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy revealed mesangial and subendothelial collagen fibril deposition. Type III collagen deposition was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. This study provides an original and complete description of feline collagen type III glomerulopathy and emphasizes the possibility of directly diagnosing glomerular collagen deposition on unstained slides through SHG microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Guillaume
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Zacharopoulou
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Lhorane Lobjois
- Cell Imaging Facility, Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Bleuart
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Bourgès-Abella
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Regional Center for Functional Exploration and Experimental Resources (CREFRE), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier (UPS), ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Maxence Delverdier
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Interactions Hôtes - Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), Université de Toulouse, National Research Institute for Food, Agriculture and the Environment (INRAE), ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Lucas
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Rachel Lavoué
- Digestive Health Research Institute (IRSD), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Gaide
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Interactions Hôtes - Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), Université de Toulouse, National Research Institute for Food, Agriculture and the Environment (INRAE), ENVT, Toulouse, France.
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