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Ding YX, Chen JW, Ke J, Hu FY, Wen JC, Dong YG, Wang FQ, Xiong LB. Co-augmentation of a transport gene mfsT1 in Mycolicibacterium neoaurum with genome engineering to enhance ergothioneine production. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300705. [PMID: 38253966 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Ergothioneine (EGT) is a rare thiohistidine derivative with exceptional antioxidant properties. The blood level of EGT is considered highly reliable predictors for cardiovascular diseases and mortality, yet animals lack the ability to synthesize this compound. Free plasmids have been previously used to overexpress genes involved in the EGT biosynthetic pathway of Mycolicibacterium neoaurum. Here, we tentatively introduced a putative transporter gene mfsT1 into high-copy plasmids and sharply increased the ratio of extracellular EGT concentration from 18.7% to 44.9%. Subsequently, an additional copy of egtABCDE, hisG, and mfsT1 was inserted into the genome with a site-specific genomic integration tool of M. neoaurum, leading a 2.7 times increase in EGT production. Co-enhancing the S-adenosyl-L-methionine regeneration pathway, or alternatively, the integration of three copies of egtABCDE, hisG and mfsT1 into the genome further increased the total EGT yield by 16.1% (64.6 mg/L) and 21.7% (67.7 mg/L), respectively. After 168-h cultivation, the highest titer reached 85.9 mg/L in the latter strain with three inserted copies. This study provided a solid foundation for genome engineering to increase the production of EGT in M. neoaurum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xue Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Jinshan District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Jinshan District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Yang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinshan District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Chen Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Jinshan District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Guo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Jinshan District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Zhao M, Zhang XS, Xiong LB, Liu K, Li XF, Liu Y, Wang FQ. Establishment of an Efficient Expression and Regulation System in Streptomyces for Economical and High-Level Production of the Natural Blue Pigment Indigoidine. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:483-492. [PMID: 38146267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Indigoidine, as a kind of natural blue pigment, is widely used in textiles, food, and pharmaceuticals and is mainly synthesized from l-glutamine via a condensation reaction by indigoidine synthetases, most of which originates from Streptomyces species. However, due to the complex metabolic switches of Streptomyces, most of the researchers choose to overexpress indigoidine synthetases in the heterologous host to achieve high-level production of indigoidine. Considering the advantages of low-cost culture medium and simple culture conditions during the large-scale culture of Streptomyces, here, an updated regulation system derived from the Streptomyces self-sustaining system, constructed in our previous study, was established for the highly efficient production of indigoidine in Streptomyces lividans TK24. The updated system was constructed via promoter mining and σhrdB expression optimization, and this system was applied to precisely and continuously regulate the expression of indigoidine synthetase IndC derived from Streptomyces albus J1704. Finally, the engineered strain was cultured with cheap industrial glycerol as a supplementary carbon source, and 14.3 and 46.27 g/L indigoidine could be achieved in a flask and a 4 L fermentor, respectively, reaching the highest level of microbial synthesis of indigoidine. This study will lay a foundation for the industrial application of Streptomyces cell factories to produce indigoidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xiu-Shan Zhang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Huang YX, Zou XP, Zhang ZL, Ning K, Luo X, Xiong LB, Peng YL, Zhou ZH, Dong P, Guo SJ, Han H, Zhou FJ. [Relation factor analysis for the short-term preservation of ipsilateral renal function after partial nephrectomy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:1099-1103. [PMID: 37932147 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20230228-00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the factors relative to the short-term preservation of ipsilateral renal function after partial nephrectomy. Methods: The clinical data of 83 patients who were treated with partial nephrectomy from December 2014 to December 2019 in the Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively analyzed. There were 54 males and 29 females, aging (M (IQR)) 49 (17) years (range: 27 to 74 years). The ischemia time in operation was 25 (18) minutes (range: 10 to 67 minutes). Emission computed tomography scan and CT scan were performed before (within 1 month) and after (3 to 12 months) surgery. The volume of the ipsilateral and contralateral kidney was measured on the basis of preoperative and postoperative CT scans. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) specifically in each kidney was estimated by emission computed tomography. Recovery from ischemia is determined by the formula: GFR preservation/volume saved×100%. Linear regression was used to explore the factors ralative to the short-term preservation of ipsilateral renal function after partial nephrectomy. Results: The GFR preservation of the ipsilateral kidney was 80.9 (25.2) % (range: 31.0% to 109.4%). The volume loss of the kidney resulted in a decrease of 12.0% (5.8 ml/(min×1.96 m2)) of GFR, while the ischemic injury resulted in a decrease of 6.5% (2.5 ml/(min×1.96 m2)) of GFR. The volume saved from the ipsilateral kidney was 87.1 (12.9) % (range: 27.0% to 131.7%). Recovery from ischemia was 93.5 (17.5) % (range:44.3% to 178.3%). In multivariate analysis, GFR preservation of the ipsilateral kidney was significantly correlated with the volume saved of the ipsilateral kidney (β=0.383, 95%CI: 0.144 to 0.622, P=0.002). It was not related to the ischemia time (β=0.046, 95%CI:-0.383 to 0.475, P=0.831). Conclusion: In the condition of limited ischemic time, in the short term ipsilateral renal function after partial nephrectomy is mainly determined by the loss of kidney volume, while ischemic injury only plays a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X P Zou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z L Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - K Ning
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X Luo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - L B Xiong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y L Peng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z H Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - P Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - S J Guo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - F J Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Zou XP, Ning K, Zhang ZL, Zou L, Xiong LB, Peng YL, Zhou ZH, Liu HM, Yu CP, Dong P, Guo SJ, Han H, Zhou FJ. [Long-term survival analysis of 1 367 patients treated with radical nephrectomy from a single center]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:981-987. [PMID: 37968085 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20220614-00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To report the long-term survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients treated with radical nephrectomy in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, pathological and follow-up records of 1 367 non-metastatic RCC patients treated with radical nephrectomy from 1999 to 2020 in this center. The primary endpoint of this study was overall survival rate. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and group differences were compared through Log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were fit to determine the clinical and pathological features associated with overall survival rate. Results: A total of 1 367 patients treated with radical nephrectomy with complete follow-up data were included in the study. The median follow-up time was 52.6 months, and 1 100 patients survived and 267 died, with the median time to overall survival not yet reached. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates were 82.8% and 74.9%, respectively. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates of Leibovich low-risk patients were 93.3% and 88.2%, respectively; of Leibovich intermediate-risk patients were 82.2% and 72.3%, respectively; and of Leibovich high-risk patients were 50.5% and 30.2%, respectively. There were significant differences in the long-term survival among the three groups (P<0.001). The 10-year overall survival rates for patients with pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4 RCC were 83.2%, 73.6%, 55.0% and 31.4%, respectively. There were significant differences among pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4 patients(P<0.001). The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates of patients with lymph node metastasis were 48.5% and 35.6%, respectively, and those of patients without lymph node metastasis were 85.1% and 77.5%, respectively. There was significant difference in the long-term survival between patients with lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis. The 10-year overall survival rate was 96.2% for nuclear Grade 1, 81.6% for nuclear Grade 2, 60.5% for nuclear Grade 3, and 43.4% for nuclear Grade 4 patients. The difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the long-term survival between patients with localized renal cancer (pT1-2N0M0) who underwent open surgery and minimally invasive surgery (10-year overall survival rate 80.5% vs 85.6%, P=0.160). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that age≥55 years (HR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.50-2.96, P<0.001), T stage(T3+ T4 vs T1a: HR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.26-4.46, P=0.008), local lymph node metastasis (HR=3.04, 95%CI: 1.81-5.09, P<0.001), nuclear grade (G3-G4 vs G1: HR=4.21, 95%CI: 1.51-11.75, P=0.006), tumor necrosis (HR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.17-2.37, P=0.005), sarcomatoid differentiation (HR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.31-4.35, P=0.005) and BMI≥24kg/m(2) (HR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.39-0.80, P=0.001) were independent factors affecting long-term survival after radical nephrectomy. Conclusions: The long-term survival of radical nephrectomy in patients with renal cell carcinoma is satisfactory. Advanced age, higher pathological stage and grade, tumor necrosis and sarcomatoid differentiation were the main adverse factors affecting the prognosis of patients. Higher body mass index was a protective factor for the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Zou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - K Ning
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z L Zhang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - L Zou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - L B Xiong
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y L Peng
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z H Zhou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H M Liu
- Department of Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - C P Yu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - P Dong
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - S J Guo
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Han
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - F J Zhou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Xiong LB, Zou XP, Ning K, Luo X, Peng YL, Zhou ZH, Wang J, Li Z, Yu CP, Dong P, Guo SJ, Han H, Zhou FJ, Zhang ZL. [Establishment and validation of a novel nomogram to predict overall survival after radical nephrectomy]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:681-689. [PMID: 37580273 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20221027-00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To establish a nomogram prognostic model for predicting the 5-, 10-, and 15-year overall survival (OS) of non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients managed with radical nephrectomy (RN), compare the modelled results with the results of pure pathologic staging, the Karakiewicz nomogram and the Mayo Clinic Stage, Size, Grade, and Necrosis (SSIGN) score commonly used in foreign countries, and stratify the patients into different prognostic risk subgroups. Methods: A total of 1 246 non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients managed with RN in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) from 1999 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen the variables that influence the prognosis for nomogram establishment, and the bootstrap random sampling was used for internal validation. The time-receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), the calibration curve and the clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) were applied to evaluate the nomogram. The prediction efficacy of the nomogram and that of the pure pathologic staging, the Karakiewicz nomogram and the SSIGN score was compared through the area under the curve (AUC). Finally, patients were stratified into different risk subgroups according to our nomogram scores. Results: A total of 1 246 patients managed with RN were enrolled in this study. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, smoking history, pathological nuclear grade, sarcomatoid differentiation, tumor necrosis and pathological T and N stages were independent prognostic factors for RN patients (all P<0.05). A nomogram model named SYSUCC based on these factors was built to predict the 5-, 10-, and 15-year survival rate of the participating patients. In the bootstrap random sampling with 1 000 iterations, all these factors occurred for more than 800 times as independent predictors. The Harrell's concordance index (C-index) of SYSUCC was higher compared with pure pathological staging [0.770 (95% CI: 0.716-0.823) vs 0.674 (95% CI: 0.621-0.728)]. The calibration curve showed that the survival rate as predicted by the SYSUCC model simulated the actual rate, while the clinical DCA showed that the SYSUCC nomogram has a benefit in certain probability ranges. In the ROC analysis that included 857 patients with detailed pathological nuclear stages, the nomogram had a larger AUC (5-/10-year AUC: 0.823/0.804) and better discriminating ability than pure pathological staging (5-/10-year AUC: 0.701/0.658), Karakiewicz nomogram (5-/10-year AUC: 0.772/0.734) and SSIGN score (5-/10-year AUC: 0.792/0.750) in predicting the 5-/10-year OS of RN patients (all P<0.05). In addition, the AUC of the SYSUCC nomogram for predicting the 15-year OS (0.820) was larger than that of the SSIGN score (0.709), and there was no statistical difference (P<0.05) between the SYSUCC nomogram, pure pathological staging (0.773) and the Karakiewicz nomogram (0.826). The calibration curve was close to the standard curve, which indicated that the model has good predictive performance. Finally, patients were stratified into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk subgroups (738, 379 and 129, respectively) according to the SYSUCC nomogram scores, among whom patients in intermediate- and high-risk subgroups had a worse OS than patients in the low-risk subgroup (intermediate-risk group vs. low-risk group: HR=4.33, 95% CI: 3.22-5.81, P<0.001; high-risk group vs low-risk group: HR=11.95, 95% CI: 8.29-17.24, P<0.001), and the high-risk subgroup had a worse OS than the intermediate-risk group (HR=2.63, 95% CI: 1.88-3.68, P<0.001). Conclusions: Age, smoking history, pathological nuclear grade, sarcomatoid differentiation, tumor necrosis and pathological stage were independent prognostic factors for non-metastasis renal cell carcinoma patients after RN. The SYSUCC nomogram based on these independent prognostic factors can better predict the 5-, 10-, and 15-year OS than pure pathological staging, the Karakiewicz nomogram and the SSIGN score of patients after RN. In addition, the SYSUCC nomogram has good discrimination, agreement, risk stratification and clinical application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Xiong
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X P Zou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - K Ning
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X Luo
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y L Peng
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z H Zhou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - C P Yu
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - P Dong
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - S J Guo
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Han
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - F J Zhou
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z L Zhang
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Zhao YQ, Liu YJ, Song L, Yu D, Liu K, Liu K, Gao B, Tao XY, Xiong LB, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Unravelling and engineering an operon involved in the side-chain degradation of sterols in Mycolicibacterium neoaurum for the production of steroid synthons. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2023; 16:121. [PMID: 37533054 PMCID: PMC10398937 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harnessing engineered Mycolicibacteria to convert cheap phytosterols into valuable steroid synthons is a basic way in the industry for the production of steroid hormones. Thus, C-19 and C-22 steroids are the two main types of commercial synthons and the products of C17 side chain degradation of phytosterols. During the conversion process of sterols, C-19 and C-22 steroids are often produced together, although one may be the main product and the other a minor byproduct. This is a major drawback of the engineered Mycolicibacteria for industrial application, which could be attributed to the co-existence of androstene-4-ene-3,17-dione (AD) and 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (HBC) sub-pathways in the degradation of the sterol C17 side chain. Since the key mechanism underlying the HBC sub-pathway has not yet been clarified, the above shortcoming has not been resolved so far. RESULTS The key gene involved in the putative HBC sub-pathway was excavated from the genome of M. neoaurum by comparative genomic analysis. Interestingly, an aldolase- encoding gene, atf1, was identified to be responsible for the first reaction of the HBC sub-pathway, and it exists as a conserved operon along with a DUF35-type gene chsH4, a reductase gene chsE6, and a transcriptional regulation gene kstR3 in the genome. Subsequently, atf1 and chsH4 were identified as the key genes involved in the HBC sub-pathway. Therefore, an updated strategy was proposed to develop engineered C-19 or C-22 steroid-producing strains by simultaneously modifying the AD and HBC sub-pathways. Taking the development of 4-HBC and 9-OHAD-producing strains as examples, the improved 4-HBC-producing strain achieved a 20.7 g/L production titer with a 92.5% molar yield and a 56.4% reduction in byproducts, and the improved 9-OHAD producing strain achieved a 19.87 g/L production titer with a 94.6% molar yield and a 43.7% reduction in byproduct production. CONCLUSIONS The excellent performances of these strains demonstrated that the primary operon involved in the HBC sub-pathway improves the industrial strains in the conversion of phytosterols to steroid synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qiu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Dingyan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xin-Yi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Dong MM, Song L, Xu JQ, Zhu L, Xiong LB, Wei DZ, Wang FQ. Improved cryptic plasmids in probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for antibiotic-free pathway engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12662-6. [PMID: 37405431 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12662-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The engineered probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is expected to be employed in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. However, the introduced plasmids typically require antibiotics to maintain genetic stability, and the cryptic plasmids in EcN are usually eliminated to avoid plasmid incompatibility which may change the inherent probiotic characteristics. Here, we provided a simple design to minimize the genetic change of probiotics by eliminating native plasmids and reintroducing the recombinants carrying functional genes. Specific insertion sites in the vectors showed significant differences in the expression of fluorescence proteins. Selected integration sites were applied in the de novo synthesis of salicylic acid, leading to a titer of 142.0 ± 6.0 mg/L in a shake flask with good production stability. Additionally, the design successfully realized the biosynthesis of ergothioneine (45 mg/L) by one-step construction. This work expands the application scope of native cryptic plasmids to the easy construction of functional pathways. KEY POINTS: • Cryptic plasmids of EcN were designed to express exogenous genes • Insertion sites with different expression intensities in cryptic plasmids were provided • Target products were stably produced by engineering cryptic plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jia-Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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8
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Song L, Ke J, Luo ZK, Xiong LB, Dong YG, Wei DZ, Wang FQ. Driving the conversion of phytosterol to 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione in Mycolicibacterium neoaurum by engineering the supply and regeneration of flavin adenine dinucleotide. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2023; 16:98. [PMID: 37291661 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conversion of phytosterols to steroid synthons by engineered Mycolicibacteria comprises one of the core steps in the commercial production of steroid hormones. This is a complex oxidative catabolic process, and taking the production of androstenones as example, it requires about 10 equivalent flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). As the high demand for FAD, the insufficient supply of FAD may be a common issue limiting the conversion process. RESULTS We substantiated, using the production of 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD) as a model, that increasing intracellular FAD supply could effectively increase the conversion of phytosterols into 9-OHAD. Overexpressing ribB and ribC, two key genes involving in FAD synthesis, could significantly enhance the amount of intracellular FAD by 167.4% and the production of 9-OHAD by 25.6%. Subsequently, styrene monooxygenase NfStyA2B from Nocardia farcinica was employed to promote the cyclic regeneration of FAD by coupling the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to NAD+, and the production of 9-OHAD was further enhanced by 9.4%. However, the viable cell numbers decreased by 20.1%, which was attributed to sharply increased levels of H2O2 because of the regeneration of FAD from FADH2. Thus, we tried to resolve the conflict between FAD regeneration and cell growth by the overexpression of catalase and promotor replacement. Finally, a robust strain NF-P2 was obtained, which could produce 9.02 g/L 9-OHAD after adding 15 g/L phytosterols with productivity of 0.075 g/(L h), which was 66.7% higher than that produced by the original strain. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted that the cofactor engineering, including the supply and recycling of FAD and NAD+ in Mycolicibacterium, should be adopted as a parallel strategy with pathway engineering to improve the productivity of the industrial strains in the conversion of phytosterols into steroid synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Intelligent Manufacturing (ECUST), China National Light Industry, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jie Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Intelligent Manufacturing (ECUST), China National Light Industry, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Intelligent Manufacturing (ECUST), China National Light Industry, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Yu-Guo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Intelligent Manufacturing (ECUST), China National Light Industry, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Intelligent Manufacturing (ECUST), China National Light Industry, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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Zou XP, Ning K, Zhang ZL, Xiong LB, Peng YL, Zhou ZH, Huang YX, Luo X, Li JB, Dong P, Guo SJ, Han H, Zhou FJ. [Efficacy of partial nephrectomy in patients with localized renal carcinoma: a 20-year experience of 2 046 patients in a single center]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:395-402. [PMID: 36987674 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20221002-00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the long-term survival of patients with localized renal cell carcinoma after partical nephrectomy. Methods: The clinicopathological records and survival follow-up data of 2 046 patients with localized renal cell carcinoma, who were treated with partial nephrectomy from August 2001 to February 2021 in the Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 1 402 males and 644 females, aged (M(IQR)) 51 (19) years (range: 6 to 86 years). The primary end point of this study was cancer-specific survival. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the difference test was performed by Log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were fitted to determine factors associated with cancer-specific survival. Results: The follow-up time was 49.2 (48.0) months (range: 1 to 229 months), with 1 974 patients surviving and 72 dying. The median cancer-specific survival time has not yet been reached. The 5- and 10-year cancer specific survival rates were 97.0% and 91.2%, respectively. The 10-year cancer-specific survival rates for stage pT1a (n=1 447), pT1b (n=523) and pT2 (n=58) were 95.3%, 81.8%, and 81.7%, respectively. The 10-year cancer-specific survival rates of patients with nuclear grade 1 (n=226), 2 (n=1 244) and 3 to 4 (n=278) were 96.6%, 89.4%, and 85.5%, respectively. There were no significant differences in 5-year cancer-specific survival rates among patients underwent open, laparoscopic, or robotic surgery (96.7% vs. 97.1% vs. 97.5%, P=0.600). Multivariate analysis showed that age≥50 years (HR=3.93, 95%CI: 1.82 to 8.47, P<0.01), T stage (T1b vs. T1a: HR=3.31, 95%CI: 1.83 to 5.99, P<0.01; T2+T3 vs. T1a: HR=2.88, 95%CI: 1.00 to 8.28, P=0.049) and nuclear grade (G3 to 4 vs. G1: HR=2.81, 95%CI: 1.01 to 7.82, P=0.048) were independent prognostic factors of localized renal cell carcinoma after partial nephrectomy. Conclusions: The long-term cancer-specific survival rates of patients with localized renal cancer after partial nephrectomy are satisfactory. The type of operation (open, laparoscopic, or robotic) has no significant effect on survival. However, patients with older age, higher nuclear grade, and higher T stage have a lower cancer-specific survival rate. Grasping surgical indications, attaching importance to preoperative evaluation, perioperative management, and postoperative follow-up, could benefit achieving satisfactory long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Zou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - K Ning
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z L Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - L B Xiong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y L Peng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Z H Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Y X Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - X Luo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - J B Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - P Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - S J Guo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - F J Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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10
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Xiong LB, Liu HH, Song L, Dong MM, Ke J, Liu YJ, Liu K, Zhao M, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Improving the biotransformation efficiency of soybean phytosterols in Mycolicibacterium neoaurum by the combined deletion of fbpC3 and embC in cell envelope synthesis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2021; 7:453-459. [PMID: 34938904 PMCID: PMC8654695 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation of soybean phytosterols into 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD) by mycobacteria is the core step in the synthesis of adrenocortical hormone. However, the low permeability of the dense cell envelope largely inhibits the overall conversion efficiency of phytosterols. The antigen 85 (Ag85) complex encoded by fbpA, fbpB, and fbpC was proposed as the key factor in the combined catalysis of mycoloyl for producing mycolyl-arabinogalactan (m-AG) and trehalose dimycolate (TDM) in mycobacterial cell envelope. Herein, we confirmed that fbpC3 was essential for the biotransformation of trehalose monomycolate (TMM) to TDM in Mycolicibacterium neoaurum. The deficiency of this gene raised the cell permeability, thereby enhancing the steroid uptake and utilization. The 9-OHAD yield in the fbpC3-deficient 9-OHAD-producing strain was increased by 21.3%. Moreover, the combined deletion of fbpC3 and embC further increased the 9-OHAD yield compared to the single deletion of fbpC3. Finally, after 96 h of bioconversion in industrial resting cells, the 9-OHAD yield of 11.2 g/L was achieved from 20 g/L phytosterols and the productivity reached 0.116 g/L/h. In summary, this study suggested the critical role of the fbpC3 gene in the synthesis of TDM in M. neoaurum and verified the feasibility of improving the bioconversion efficiency of phytosterols through the cell envelope engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Bin Xiong
- Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Huawei Safety Evaluation & Medical Research (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201206, PR China
| | - Hao-Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Miao-Miao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Jie Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
- Huawei Safety Evaluation & Medical Research (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201206, PR China
- Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
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11
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Xiong LB, Liu HH, Song XW, Meng XG, Liu XZ, Ji YQ, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Improving the biotransformation of phytosterols to 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione by deleting embC associated with the assembly of cell envelope in Mycobacterium neoaurum. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:341-346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Xiong LB, Liu HH, Zhao M, Liu YJ, Song L, Xie ZY, Xu YX, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Enhancing the bioconversion of phytosterols to steroidal intermediates by the deficiency of kasB in the cell wall synthesis of Mycobacterium neoaurum. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:80. [PMID: 32228591 PMCID: PMC7106593 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The bioconversion of phytosterols into high value-added steroidal intermediates, including the 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD) and 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (4-HBC), is the cornerstone in steroid pharmaceutical industry. However, the low transportation efficiency of hydrophobic substrates into mycobacterial cells severely limits the transformation. In this study, a robust and stable modification of the cell wall in M. neoaurum strain strikingly enhanced the cell permeability for the high production of steroids. Results The deletion of the nonessential kasB, encoding a β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase, led to a disturbed proportion of mycolic acids (MAs), which is one of the most important components in the cell wall of Mycobacterium neoaurum ATCC 25795. The determination of cell permeability displayed about two times improvement in the kasB-deficient strain than that of the wild type M. neoaurum. Thus, the deficiency of kasB in the 9-OHAD-producing strain resulted in a significant increase of 137.7% in the yield of 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD). Ultimately, the 9-OHAD productivity in an industrial used resting cell system was reached 0.1135 g/L/h (10.9 g/L 9-OHAD from 20 g/L phytosterol) and the conversion time was shortened by 33%. In addition, a similar self-enhancement effect (34.5%) was realized in the 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (4-HBC) producing strain. Conclusions The modification of kasB resulted in a meaningful change in the cell wall mycolic acids. Deletion of the kasB gene remarkably improved the cell permeability, leading to a self-enhancement of the steroidal intermediate conversion. The results showed a high efficiency and feasibility of this construction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Bin Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xin Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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13
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Liu M, Xiong LB, Tao X, Liu QH, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Metabolic Adaptation of Mycobacterium neoaurum ATCC 25795 in the Catabolism of Sterols for Producing Important Steroid Intermediates. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:12141-12150. [PMID: 30362748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To understand the adaptation of Mycobacterium neoaurum ATCC25795 ( Mn) in sterol catabolism and steroid production, we used integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis to identify the biochemical pathways utilized in this process. Metabolic alterations during sterol catabolism center on propionyl-CoA pools. Generally, enhanced pathways for metabolizing propionyl-CoA were found in Mn, which were tightly coordinated with cell-envelope biosynthesis. The cells responded to sterol substrates and toxic steroid products by changing the composition of the cell envelope. This adaptive mechanism allowed Mn to use minimally water-soluble sterol as a carbon source. Several putative efflux proteins were found to be induced in Mn. They probably transported products to the extracellular environment, protecting the cells against high intracellular levels of toxic intermediates, inhibition of which also influenced sterol uptake. The work provided various targets for rational engineering of robust Mn with powerful sterol-uptake capacity and strong tolerance to toxic products for the steroid industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Xinyi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Qing-Hai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
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14
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Liu M, Xiong LB, Tao X, Liu QH, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Integrated Transcriptome and Proteome Studies Reveal the Underlying Mechanisms for Sterol Catabolism and Steroid Production in Mycobacterium neoaurum. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:9147-9157. [PMID: 30075077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Integrated transcriptome and proteome studies were performed to investigate sterol biotransformation in wild-type Mycobacterium neoaurum ATCC 25795 ( Mn) and the mutant strains producing steroid intermediates. Transcriptome and proteome studies indicated that several metabolic activities were noticeably dynamic, including cholesterol degradation, central carbon metabolism, cell envelope biosynthesis, glycerol metabolism, and transport. Interestingly, a poor overall correlation between mRNA and translation profiles was found, which might contribute to the metabolic adaptation in cholesterol catabolism. A gene cluster covering 111 genes was discovered to encode for cholesterol catabolism in Mn. Generally, transcription and/or translation of the genes in KstR1 regulon was upregulated, and the induction of genes in KstR2 regulon was not as significant as that of KstR1 regulon. Several induced genes showing potential roles for cholesterol catabolism were found. Further identification of these genes and investigation of the correlation among key metabolic activities could help for the development of efficient steroid-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, New World Institute of Biotechnology , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhu ZN, Lu Y, Wu CF, Zou SR, Liu H, Wang CF, Luo BZ, Yu HT, Mi M, Wang GQ, Xiong LB, Wang WJ, Luo CY, Zang JJ, Wang ZY, Jia XD, Feng XG, Guo CY, Wu F. [General plan of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:876-879. [PMID: 30060297 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Shanghai Diet and Health Survey (SDHS) was designed to prospectively access local residents' food consumption, energy and nutrient intake, related chemical contaminant exposure, and the seasonal change trend to explore the relationship of diet with health. Data from SDHS can be used as fundamental information and scientific evidences for the development of local nutrition and food safety policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z N Zhu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Y Lu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C F Wu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - S R Zou
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - H Liu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C F Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - B Z Luo
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - H T Yu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - M Mi
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - G Q Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - L B Xiong
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - W J Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C Y Luo
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - J J Zang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Z Y Wang
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - X D Jia
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - X G Feng
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - C Y Guo
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - F Wu
- Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; Study Group of Shanghai Diet and Health Survey, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
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Xiong LB, Sun WJ, Liu YJ, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Enhancement of 9α-Hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione Production from Soybean Phytosterols by Deficiency of a Regulated Intramembrane Proteolysis Metalloprotease in Mycobacterium neoaurum. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:10520-10525. [PMID: 29131627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the sterol catabolism pathway in mycobacteria may result in the accumulation of some valuable steroid pharmaceutical intermediates, such as 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD). In previous work, sigma factor D (SigD) was identified as a negative factor of the 9-OHAD production in Mycobacterium neoaurum. Here, the deficiency of rip1 putatively coding for a regulated intramembrane proteolysis metalloprotease (Rip1), which could cleave the negative regulator of SigD (anti-SigD), enhanced the transcription of some key genes (choM1, kshA, and hsd4A) in the sterol catabolic pathway. Furthermore, the deletion of rip1 increased the consumption of phytosterols by 37.8% after 96 h of growth in M. neoaurum. The production of 9-OHAD in the engineered M. neoaurumΔkstD1ΔkstD2ΔkstD3Δrip1 (MnΔk123Δrip1) strain was ultimately increased by 27.3% compared to that in its parental strain M. neoaurumΔkstD1ΔkstD2ΔkstD3 (MnΔk123). This study further confirms the important role of SigD-related factors in the catabolism of sterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ju Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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Xiong LB, Liu HH, Xu LQ, Sun WJ, Wang FQ, Wei DZ. Improving the production of 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one from sterols in Mycobacterium neoaurum by increasing cell permeability and modifying multiple genes. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:89. [PMID: 28532497 PMCID: PMC5440992 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The strategy of modifying the sterol catabolism pathway in mycobacteria has been adopted to produce steroidal pharmaceutical intermediates, such as 22-hydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (4-HBC), which is used to synthesize various steroids in the industry. However, the productivity is not desirable due to some inherent problems, including the unsatisfactory uptake rate and the low metabolic efficiency of sterols. The compact cell envelope of mycobacteria is a main barrier for the uptake of sterols. In this study, a combined strategy of improving the cell envelope permeability as well as the intracellular sterol metabolism efficiency was investigated to increase the productivity of 4-HBC. Results MmpL3, encoding a transmembrane transporter of trehalose monomycolate, is an important gene influencing the assembly of mycobacterial cell envelope. The disruption of mmpL3 in Mycobacterium neoaurum ATCC 25795 significantly enhanced the cell permeability by 23.4% and the consumption capacity of sterols by 15.6%. Therefore, the inactivation of mmpL3 was performed in a 4-HBC-producing strain derived from the wild type M. neoaurum and the 4-HBC production in the engineered strain was increased by 24.7%. Subsequently, to enhance the metabolic efficiency of sterols, four key genes, choM1, choM2, cyp125, and fadA5, involved in the sterol conversion pathway were individually overexpressed in the engineered mmpL3-deficient strain. The production of 4-HBC displayed the increases of 18.5, 8.9, 14.5, and 12.1%, respectively. Then, the more efficient genes (choM1, cyp125, and fadA5) were co-overexpressed in the engineered mmpL3-deficient strain, and the productivity of 4-HBC was ultimately increased by 20.3% (0.0633 g/L/h, 7.59 g/L 4-HBC from 20 g/L phytosterol) compared with its original productivity (0.0526 g/L/h, 6.31 g/L 4-HBC from 20 g/L phytosterol) in an industrial resting cell bio-transformation system. Conclusions Increasing cell permeability combined with the co-overexpression of the key genes (cyp125, choM1, and fadA5) involved in the conversion pathway of sterol to 4-HBC was effective to enhance the productivity of 4-HBC. The strategy might also be useful for the conversion of sterol to other steroidal intermediates by mycobacteria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0705-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hao-Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Li-Qin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wan-Ju Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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Xiong LB, Liu HH, Xu LQ, Wei DZ, Wang FQ. Role Identification and Application of SigD in the Transformation of Soybean Phytosterol to 9α-Hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione in Mycobacterium neoaurum. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:626-631. [PMID: 28035826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
9α-Hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OHAD) is a valuable steroid pharmaceutical intermediate which can be produced by the conversion of soybean phytosterols in mycobacteria. However, the unsatisfactory productivity and conversion efficiency of engineered mycobacterial strains hinder their industrial applications. Here, a sigma factor D (sigD) was investigated due to its dramatic downregulation during the conversion of phytosterols to 9-OHAD. It was determined as a negative regulator in the metabolism of phytosterols, and the deletion of sigD in a 9-OHAD-producing strain significantly enhanced the titer of 9-OHAD by 18.9%. Furthermore, a high yielding strain was constructed by the combined modifications of sigD and choM2, a key gene in the phytosterol metabolism pathway. After the modifications, the productivity of 9-OHAD reached 0.071 g/L/h (10.27 g/L from 20 g/L phytosterol), which was 22.5% higher than the original productivity of 0.058 g/L/h (8.37 g/L from 20 g/L phytosterol) in the industrial resting cell biotransformation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Qin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Newworld Institute of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai, China
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