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Van den Eynde V, Parker G, Ruhé HG, Birkenhäger TK, Godet L, Shorter E, Gillman PK. On the Origins of MAOI Misconceptions: Reaffirming their Role in Melancholic Depression. Psychopharmacol Bull 2023; 53:35-54. [PMID: 37601082 PMCID: PMC10434306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The first monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) used for the treatment of depression in the 1950-60s were credited with treating severe melancholic depression (MeD) successfully and greatly reducing the need for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Following the hiatus caused by the then ill-understood cheese reaction, MAOI use was relegated to atypical and treatment-resistant depressions only, based on data from insufficiently probing research studies suggesting their comparatively lesser effectiveness in MeD. The siren attraction of new 'better' drugs with different mechanisms amplified this trend. Following a re-evaluation of the data, we suggest that MAOIs are effective in MeD. Additionally, the broad unitary conceptualisation of major depressive disorder (MDD) in the DSM model diminished the chance of demonstrating distinctive responses to different antidepressant drugs (ADs) such as SSRIs, TCAs, and MAOIs, thereby further reducing the interest in MAOIs. More reliable categorical distinction of MeD, disentangling it from MDD, may be possible if more sensitive measuring instruments (CORE, SMPI) are used. We suggest these issues will benefit from re-appraisement via an inductive reasoning process within a binary (rather than a unitary) model for defining the different depressive disorders, allowing for the use of more reliable diagnostic criteria for MeD in particular. We conclude that MAOIs remain essential for, inter alia, TCA-resistant MeD, and should typically be used prior to ECT; additionally, they have a role in maintaining remission in cases treated with ECT (and ketamine/esketamine). We suggest that MAOIs should be utilized earlier in treatment algorithms and with greater regularity than is presently the case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Van den Eynde
- Van den Eynde, PsychoTropical Research, Queensland, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gordon Parker
- Parker, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henricus G Ruhé
- Ruhé, Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom K Birkenhäger
- Birkenhäger, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lila Godet
- Godet, PsychoTropical Research, Queensland, Australia
| | - Edward Shorter
- Shorter, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Van Tussenbroek BI, Soissons LM, Bouma TJ, Asmus R, Auby I, Brun FG, Cardoso PG, Desroy N, Fournier J, Ganthy F, Garmendia JM, Godet L, Grilo TF, Kadel P, Ondiviela B, Peralta G, Recio M, Valle M, Van der Heide T, Van Katwijk MM. Pollen limitation may be a common Allee effect in marine hydrophilous plants: implications for decline and recovery in seagrasses. Oecologia 2016; 182:595-609. [PMID: 27272209 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pollen limitation may be an important factor in accelerated decline of sparse or fragmented populations. Little is known whether hydrophilous plants (pollen transport by water) suffer from an Allee effect due to pollen limitation or not. Hydrophilous pollination is a typical trait of marine angiosperms or seagrasses. Although seagrass flowers usually have high pollen production, floral densities are highly variable. We evaluated pollen limitation for intertidal populations of the seagrass Zostera noltei in The Netherlands and found a significant positive relation between flowering spathe density and fruit-set, which was suboptimal at <1200 flowering spathes m(-2) (corresponding to <600 reproductive shoots m(-2)). A fragmented population had ≈35 % lower fruit-set at similar reproductive density than a continuous population. 75 % of all European populations studied over a large latitudinal gradient had flowering spathe densities below that required for optimal fruit-set, particularly in Southern countries. Literature review of the reproductive output of hydrophilous pollinated plants revealed that seed- or fruit-set of marine hydrophilous plants is generally low, as compared to hydrophilous freshwater and wind-pollinated plants. We conclude that pollen limitation as found in Z. noltei may be a common Allee effect for seagrasses, potentially accelerating decline and impairing recovery even after environmental conditions have improved substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- B I Van Tussenbroek
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo Postal 1152, Cancún, Q. Roo, Mexico
| | - L M Soissons
- Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems (EDS), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, 4400 AC, Yerseke, The Netherlands.
| | - T J Bouma
- Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems (EDS), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, 4400 AC, Yerseke, The Netherlands
| | - R Asmus
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstrasse 43, 25992, List, Germany
| | - I Auby
- IFREMER-LER/AR, Quai du Commandant Silhouette, 33120, Arcachon, France
| | - F G Brun
- Departamento de Biología, Área de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - P G Cardoso
- Department of Life Sciences, IMAR-Institute of Marine Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - N Desroy
- IFREMER-LER Dinard, 38 rue du Port Blanc, 35800, Dinard, France
| | - J Fournier
- UMR 7208 BOREA, Station de Biologie Marine MNHN, CNRS, Place de la Croix, BP 225, 29182, Concarneau Cedex, France
| | - F Ganthy
- IFREMER-LER/AR, Quai du Commandant Silhouette, 33120, Arcachon, France
| | - J M Garmendia
- Marine Research Division, AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia Portualdea z/g, 20110, Pasaia, Spain
| | - L Godet
- CNRS, UMR 6554 LETG-Nantes Géolittomer, Université de Nantes, B.P. 81227, 44312, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - T F Grilo
- Department of Life Sciences, CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, 3001-455, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Kadel
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Hafenstrasse 43, 25992, List, Germany
| | - B Ondiviela
- Environmental Hydraulics Institute "IH Cantabria", Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres No 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - G Peralta
- Departamento de Biología, Área de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Recio
- Environmental Hydraulics Institute "IH Cantabria", Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres No 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - M Valle
- Marine Research Division, AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia Portualdea z/g, 20110, Pasaia, Spain
- Central Research Department, Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Ciudadela Universitaria, vía San Mateo s/n, 13-05-2732, Manta, Manabí, Ecuador
| | - T Van der Heide
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M M Van Katwijk
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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