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Zavaleta-Ramírez P, Rosetti M, Albores-Gallo L, López ON, González PP. Pediatric and psychiatric models of autism care in Mexico: Differences in diagnostic tools and prescribed interventions. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:232-244. [PMID: 37541309 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231193817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries face heterogeneity in the way clinicians' approach Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis and treatment. The current study analyzes the diagnostic tools, laboratory tests, pharmacological and psychosocial interventions received by patients during the steps to diagnosis and treatment of two specialized care centers. Researchers interviewed families with a child with ASD receiving services at either a child psychiatric or a pediatric hospital. Of the total sample, 47% reported clinicians not using a diagnostic tool, 20% reported not receiving any psychosocial intervention, and 88% reported receiving a pharmacological prescription. Patients at the pediatric hospital were more likely to receive interventions with some components of Applied Behavioral Analysis, Early Start Denver Model, Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children, and Sensory integration therapy; while patients at the psychiatric hospital were more likely to undergo learning, daily living skills, and socialization therapies. Patients at the psychiatric hospital received significantly more requests to obtain auditory and vision tests whilst genetic testing and imaging were more common in the pediatric hospital. The range and variability in terms of diagnostic tools, laboratory tests, and treatment options observed for both sites reflect a lack of consensus. Recommendations to improve ASD diagnostic and treatment in Mexico are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Zavaleta-Ramírez
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcos Rosetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Dr. Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México City, México
| | - Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Nafate López
- Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México
| | - Paula Padierna González
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Fundación Alicia Koplowitz, Madrid, España
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Flores-Rodríguez Y, Roldán Ceballos O, Albores-Gallo L. Assessing autism with DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Salud Ment 2022. [DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2022.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is an observational instrument for assessing autism. It is the most widely used instrument for the diagnosis of autism in Mexico. Objective. To study the psychometric properties in the Mexican population using DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria. Method. This is an observational, cross-sectional study. Participants (N = 137) were 78.8% male, with an age range between 2 and 18 years, mean 8.5. Parents completed the M-CHAT, the ABC, the ADI-R, and semi-structured clinical interviews with DSM-IV. We inferred DSM-5 criteria by selecting atypical sensory items from the ABC. Results. The internal consistency for the total CARS items was α = .88. The concurrent validity of the CARS and the DSM-IV criteria showed a Spearman coefficient of correlation of rs = .62. The convergent validity with the ADI-R showed moderate correlations, rs = .32 to .61, with the DSM-IV k = .33 and DSM-5 k = .36. The concordance with the DSM-IV and DSM-5 was 71% and 84.5%, sensitivity was 58.1% and 46-7%, and specificity 76.6% and 90.5%, respectively. The discriminant analysis showed that the CARS correctly classified 97% of children with autism, 70% with pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and 12.5% with Asperger’s syndrome. Discussion and conclusion. The Mexican version of the CARS is a valid and reliable instrument for diagnosing autism in Mexican children and adolescents.
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Dufour BD, Albores-Gallo L, Luna-Muñoz J, Hagerman R, Miquelajauregui A, Buriticá E, Saldarriaga W, Pacheco-Herrero M, Yris Silvestre-Sosa A, Mazefsky C, Gastgeb H, Kofler J, Casanova M, Hof PR, London E, Hagerman P, Martínez-Cerdeño V. Hispano-American Brain Bank on Neurodevelopmental Disorders: An initiative to promote brain banking, research, education, and outreach in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders. Brain Pathol 2021; 32:e13019. [PMID: 34515386 PMCID: PMC8877728 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are conditions that present with brain dysfunction due to alterations in the processes of brain development. They present with neuropsychiatric, cognitive, and motor symptoms. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Fragile X syndrome (FXS) are two of the most common NDDs. Human brain tissue is a scarce resource that is obtained from postmortem donations. In the case of NDDs, specifically autism, the reduced donation rate of brains prevents researchers to investigate its pathology and fine anatomy. The Hispano-American Brain Bank of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (Banco Hispanoamericano de CErebros de trastornos del NEurodesarrollo) or CENE is a large-scale brain bank for neurodevelopmental disorders in Hispano-America and the US. CENE's objectives are to collect and distribute brains of patients with NDDS, with a focus on ASD and FXS, to perform research, promote education of future scientists, and enhance public awareness about the importance of human tissue availability for scientific research on brain function and disease. CENE has thus far established a bilingual system of nodes and teams in several American countries including California-US, Pennsylvania-US, México, Puerto Rico, Colombia, and Dominican Republic. CENE ensures that postmortem NDD samples used in research better match the world's genetic and ethnic diversity. CENE enables and expands NDD brain research worldwide, particularly with respect to ASD and FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett D Dufour
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Department of Genetic, Clinical, and Community Epidemiology, Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil "Dr. Juan N. Navarro", Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, México City, México
| | - Jose Luna-Muñoz
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores, Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, México City, México
| | - Randi Hagerman
- Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,MIND Institute, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Amaya Miquelajauregui
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Efrain Buriticá
- Department of Morphology, Centro de Estudios Cerebrales, Faculty of Health, University of Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | | | - Carla Mazefsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Holly Gastgeb
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Manuel Casanova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine Greenville, University of South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric London
- New York State Institute for Basic Research, Staten Island, New York, USA
| | - Paul Hagerman
- MIND Institute, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Verónica Martínez-Cerdeño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, California, USA.,MIND Institute, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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Stevanovic D, Costanzo F, Fucà E, Valeri G, Vicari S, Robins DL, Samms-Vaughan M, Ozek Erkuran H, Yaylaci F, Deshpande SN, Deshmukh V, Arora NK, Albores-Gallo L, García-López C, Gatica-Bahamonde G, Gabunia M, Zirakashvili M, Machado FP, Radan M, Samadi SA, Toh TH, Gayle W, Brennan L, Zorcec T, Auza A, de Jonge M, Shoqirat N, Marini A, Knez R. Measurement invariance of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) across six countries. Autism Res 2021; 14:2544-2554. [PMID: 34346193 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is a simple and inexpensive tool for Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessments, with evidenced psychometric data from different countries. However, it is still unclear whether ASD symptoms are measured the same way across different societies and world regions with this tool, since data on its cross-cultural validity are lacking. This study evaluated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the CARS among children with ASD from six countries, for whom data were aggregated from previous studies in India (n = 101), Jamaica (n = 139), Mexico (n = 72), Spain (n = 99), Turkey (n = 150), and the United States of America (n = 186). We analyzed the approximate measurement invariance based on Bayesian structural equation modeling. The model did not fit the data and its measurement invariance did not hold, with all items found non-invariant across the countries. Items related to social communication and interaction (i.e., relating to people, imitation, emotional response, and verbal and nonverbal communication) displayed lower levels of cross-country non-invariance compared to items about stereotyped behaviors/sensory sensitivity (i.e., body and object use, adaptation to change, or taste, smell, and touch response). This study found that the CARS may not provide cross-culturally valid ASD assessments. Thus, cross-cultural comparisons with the CARS should consider first which items operate differently across samples of interest, since its cross-cultural measurement non-invariance could be a source of cross-cultural variability in ASD presentations. Additional studies are needed before drawing valid recommendations in relation to the cultural sensitivity of particular items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Stevanovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Floriana Costanzo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Fucà
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Valeri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana L Robins
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Handan Ozek Erkuran
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Dr Behcet Uz Children's Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Yaylaci
- Child Psychiatry Unit, Bursa Dortcelik Children's Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Smita N Deshpande
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Excellence in Mental health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences; Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Research Division, Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil "Dr. Juan N. Navarro," Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miruna Radan
- National Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sayyed Ali Samadi
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Teck-Hock Toh
- Clinical Research Centre & Department of Pediatrics, Sibu Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Sibu, Malaysia
| | - Windham Gayle
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | | | - Tatjana Zorcec
- Developmental Department, University Children's Hospital, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Alejandra Auza
- Language and Cognition Laboratory, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maretha de Jonge
- Faculty of Social Science, Education and Child Studies, Clinical Neuroscience and Developmental Disorders, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Rajna Knez
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Skaraborgs Hospital, Skövde, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the pathways to obtaining a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) within the Mexican health system. METHODS Parents of children with ASD (N=186) were approached at specialized health centers and interviewed about the sequence of professionals they contacted that led to a diagnosis. The authors established the pathway to diagnosis, time of first parental concerns, time of first consultation, age of the child at diagnosis, and other measures. A Sankey plot was used to illustrate the complexity of the pathway to diagnosis. Diagnostic delays among children with autism were compared with delays among subsamples of children with Asperger's syndrome. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of socioeconomic and clinical variables on diagnostic delays. RESULTS The median diagnostic delay was 27 months (interquartile range [IQR] 8-36), and three professional contacts (IQR 3-6) were needed to achieve a diagnosis. Patients switched between primary and tertiary care even in later stages of the pathway. Patients with Asperger's syndrome had longer delays than patients with autism, and girls and older patients took more time to receive a diagnosis. Parental concerns regarding language, developmental issues, and perceived developmental regression resulted in shorter diagnostic delays. CONCLUSIONS Pathways to diagnosis of ASD are long and involve multiple contacts, with patients alternating between primary and specialized care. This pattern reflects failures in the diagnostic protocols and referral systems of clinical centers in Mexico, and such issues may be experienced in countries with similarly overwhelmed health care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Zavaleta-Ramírez
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City (Zavaleta-Ramírez, Rosetti, Medina-Mora); Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Hospital de Psiquiatría Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City (Albores-Gallo, Vargas-Soberanis); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Rosetti); Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico (Nafate López)
| | - Marcos Francisco Rosetti
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City (Zavaleta-Ramírez, Rosetti, Medina-Mora); Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Hospital de Psiquiatría Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City (Albores-Gallo, Vargas-Soberanis); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Rosetti); Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico (Nafate López)
| | - Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City (Zavaleta-Ramírez, Rosetti, Medina-Mora); Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Hospital de Psiquiatría Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City (Albores-Gallo, Vargas-Soberanis); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Rosetti); Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico (Nafate López)
| | - Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Soberanis
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City (Zavaleta-Ramírez, Rosetti, Medina-Mora); Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Hospital de Psiquiatría Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City (Albores-Gallo, Vargas-Soberanis); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Rosetti); Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico (Nafate López)
| | - Omar Nafate López
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City (Zavaleta-Ramírez, Rosetti, Medina-Mora); Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Hospital de Psiquiatría Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City (Albores-Gallo, Vargas-Soberanis); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Rosetti); Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico (Nafate López)
| | - Maria Elena Medina-Mora
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City (Zavaleta-Ramírez, Rosetti, Medina-Mora); Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica, Hospital de Psiquiatría Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City (Albores-Gallo, Vargas-Soberanis); Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City (Rosetti); Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico (Nafate López)
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Flores-Rodríguez Y, Martínez-Aguilar O, Tapia-Guillen LG, Solís-Bravo MA, Gatica-Hernández A, Escoto-López JJ, Vargas-Rizo TL, Salinas-Torres LA, Navarro-Luna E, Albores-Gallo L. Trastornos psiquiátricos y su asociación con el ciberacoso en una muestra de adolescentes mexicanos. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 62:451. [DOI: 10.21149/11308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
No disponible
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Solís-Bravo MA, Flores-Rodríguez Y, Tapia-Guillen LG, Gatica-Hernández A, Guzmán-Reséndiz M, Salinas-Torres LA, Vargas-Rizo TL, Albores-Gallo L. Are Tattoos an Indicator of Severity of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behavior in Adolescents? Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:504-512. [PMID: 31352732 PMCID: PMC6664213 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.03.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury behavior and tattoos [NSSI (T+)] with another group with non-suicidal self-injury behavior without tattoos [NSSI (T-)]. METHODS Adolescents (n=438) 42.6% males from the community (M=12.3, SD=1.3), completed the Self-Injury Schedule. RESULTS The lifetime prevalence of tattoos performed with the purpose to feel pain was 1.8%. Compared to the NSSI (T-) group, the NSSI (T+) group was significantly more likely to meet the DSM-5 frequency criteria of 5 self-injury events in 1 year, practice more than one method of self-injury, and topography, more suicidal intentionality, more negative thoughts and affective emotions before, during, and after self-injury and more academic and social dysfunction. CONCLUSION Adolescents from the community who practice tattooing to feel pain, show a distinct phenotype of NSSI. Health professionals and pediatricians should assess tattooing characteristics such as intention (to feel pain), frequency, and presence of non-suicidal self-injury behavior and suicide intentionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Solís-Bravo
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Clinical and Community Epidemiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yassel Flores-Rodríguez
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital Psiquiátrico “Dr. Samuel Ramírez Moreno”, Mexico State, Mexico
| | - Liliana Guadalupe Tapia-Guillen
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Clinical and Community Epidemiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aymara Gatica-Hernández
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Dr. Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam Guzmán-Reséndiz
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital General “Dr. Ruben Leñero”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto Salinas-Torres
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- CECOSAM Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Clinical and Community Epidemiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Albores-Gallo L. [Not Available]. Rev Chil Pediatr 2017; 88:292-293. [PMID: 28542666 DOI: 10.4067/s0370-41062017000200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Albores-Gallo L, Hernández-Guzmán L, Hasfura-Buenaga C, Navarro-Luna E. [Internal consistency and criterion validity and reliability of the Mexican Version of the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 (CBCL/1.5-5)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 87:455-462. [PMID: 27381435 DOI: 10.1016/j.rchipe.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the validity and internal consistency of the Mexican version of the CBCL/1.5 -5 that assesses the most common psychopathology in pre-school children in clinical and epidemiological settings. PATIENTS AND METHOD A total of 438 parents from two groups, clinical-psychiatric (N= 62) and community (N= 376) completed the CBCL/1.5-5/Mexican version. RESULTS The internal consistency was high for total problems α=0.95, and internalized α=0.89 and externalized α=0.91 subscales. The test re-test (one week) using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was ≥ 0.95 for the internalized, externalized, and total problems subscales. The ROC curve for the criterion status of clinically-referred vs. non-referred using the total problems scale ≥ 24 resulted in an AUC (area under curve) of 0.77, a specificity 0.73, and a sensitivity of 0.70. CONCLUSIONS The CBCL/1.5 -5/Mexican version is a reliable and valid tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Jefa del Servicio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Genética y Comunitaria, Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Laura Hernández-Guzmán
- Profesor titular de tiempo completo de la Facultad de Psicología de la UNAM, Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, Conacyt, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cecilia Hasfura-Buenaga
- Psicóloga especialista en el Hospital Psiquiátrico, Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Enrique Navarro-Luna
- Médico Pasante adscrito al Servicio de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Genética y Comunitaria del Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
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Albores-Gallo L, Méndez-Santos JL, Xóchitl-García Luna A, Delgadillo-González Y, Chávez-Flores CI, Martínez OL. Nonsuicidal self-injury in a community sample of older children and adolescents of Mexico City. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2014; 42:159-168. [PMID: 25017493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Mexico, as in other countries, studies do not distinguish between attempted suicide and suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The aim of this study was to investigate self-injury and its prevalence using several definitions, in addition to studying the frequency of the proposed DSM-5 criteria for NSSI in adolescent girls and boys. METHODOLOGY The study was observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and comparative using a nonrandomized sample of adolescent girls and boys from official high schools who completed the self-injury questionnaire. RESULTS The participants were 533 older children and adolescents with a mean (SD) age of 13.37 (0.95) years, age range 11 to 17 years, and 54% female sex distribution. The prevalence of NSSI defined according to proposed DSM-5 criteria was 5.6% (N=30) and, according to a broad definition using only item 51 (“Do you hurt yourself without intending to end your life?”), 17.1% (N=140). Prevalence defined by the number of events in the last month (1-3 events) was 9.9% (N=53), in the last 6 months (1-3 events), 11.6% (N=62), and in the last year (5 events), 12.6% (N=67). The age at onset was 11.9 (1.39) years (range 6-15 years). Most DSM-5 criteria were more frequent in girls than boys. CONCLUSIONS Suicidal and nonsuicidal self-injury are frequent in the community. Important points for decision-making in schools and medical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olga L Martínez
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil “Dr. Juan N. Navarro” Secretaría de Salud
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Zavaleta-Ramírez P, Ulloa-Flores RE, Albores-Gallo L. Confiabilidad interevaluador del K-SADS-PL-2009/trastornos del espectro autista (TEA). Salud Ment 2014. [DOI: 10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2014.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
El incremento en la prevalencia de los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) provocó que dejaran de considerarse como poco frecuentes. La Entrevista Diagnóstica de Autismo Revisada (ADI-R; Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised) y la Cédula de Observación General para el Diagnóstico del Autismo (ADOS-G, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic) se consideran estándares de oro para diagnósticar TEA. Sin embargo, ninguno de estos instrumentos evalúa la comorbilidad asociada. La nueva versión de la Entrevista de Diagnóstico Psiquiátrico para Niños y Adolescentes, K-SADS-PL-2009, agregó un apartado para el diagnóstico de los TEA. Objetivo. El propósito de este estudio fue traducir, adaptar y analizar la confiabilidad interevaluadora del K-SADS-PL-2009/TEA. Método. La muestra se conformó por 40 niños y adolescentes, de ambos sexos, con un rango de edad de cuatro a 17 años, con un diagnóstico presuntivo de trastorno del espectro autista. La versión original del K-SADS-PL-2009/TEA fue traducida al español por dos de los autores y retraducida al inglés por un traductor certificado ciego al estudio. Resultados. Confiabilidad interevaluador. Los coeficientes de correlación intraclase fueron de buenos a excelentes para los siguientes diagnósticos en el presente y pasado: autismo 0.79 y 0.74; trastorno de Asperger 0.85 y 1.0; trastorno generalizado del desarrollo no especificado (TGDNE) 0.72 y 0.41. Los coeficientes kappa para las evaluaciones realizadas por los expertos fueron de buenos a excelentes para los siguientes diagnósticos en el presente y en el pasado: autismo 0.89 y 0.87; Asperger 0.77 y 1.00; TGDNE 0.69 y 0.64. La concordancia entre el diagnóstico realizado en el servicio de urgencias y el corroborado posteriormente por medio del instrumento diagnóstico fue de 37.5%, con un índice de error diagnóstico de 67.5%. Conclusiones. El K-SADS-PL-2009/TEA mostró una buena confiabilidad interevaluador y puede usarse en niños y adolescentes mexicanos para propósitos clínicos y de investigación.
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Albores-Gallo L, Roldán-Ceballos O, Villarreal-Valdes G, Betanzos-Cruz BX, Santos-Sánchez C, Martínez-Jaime MM, Lemus-Espinosa I, Hilton CL. M-CHAT Mexican Version Validity and Reliability and Some Cultural Considerations. ISRN Neurol 2012; 2012:408694. [PMID: 22811934 PMCID: PMC3395208 DOI: 10.5402/2012/408694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) questionnaire is a brief measure available in Spanish which needs to be validated for the Mexican population. Parents of children from (1) community with typical development (TD) and (2) psychiatric outpatient unit completed the CBCL/1.5–5 and the Mexican/MM-CHAT-version. The study sample consisted of 456 children (age M = 4.46, SD = 1.12), 74.34% TD children and 26.65% with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The MM-CHAT mean score for failed key items was higher for the ASD group compared with the TD group. Internal consistency for the Mexican/M-CHAT version was .76 for total score and .70 for the 6 critical items. Correlations between the MM-CHAT and the CBCL/1.5: PDD and Withdrawn subscales and with ADI-R dimensions: B non verbal) and A were high, and were moderate with ADI-R dimensions B1 (verbal) and C The failure rate of the MM-CHAT between the groups did not reproduce all the critical items found in other studies. Although the instrument has good psychometric properties and can be used for screening purposes in primary settings or busy specialized psychiatric clinics, these results support evidence for cultural differences in item responses, making it difficult to compare M-CHAT results internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Research Division, Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil "Dr. Juan N. Navarro," Secretaría de Salud, Mexico
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Albores-Gallo L, Sauceda-García JM, Ruiz-Velasco S, Roque-Santiago E. [Bullying and its association with psychiatric disorders in a Mexican students sample]. Salud Publica Mex 2011; 53:220-227. [PMID: 21829887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between bullying behavior and psychopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1 092 students identified their peers' bullying status based on the Bull-S questionnaire. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to determine psychopathology levels. RESULTS The bullying group had associations with anxiety, somatic symptoms, oppositionalism and behavior problems; the bully-victims group had associations with attention, oppositionalism and behavior problems; victims had higher anxiety scores.These differences were significant compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS Bullying is associated with psychopathology, which requires timely psychiatric attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Albores-Gallo
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, División de Investigación, Secretaría de Salud, México, DF, México.
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Albores-Gallo L, Fernández-Guasti A, Hernández-Guzmán L, List-Hilton C. [2D:4D finger ratio and language development]. Rev Neurol 2009; 48:577-581. [PMID: 19472155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A possible hormonal influence in language development has been suggested in the recent years. The 2D:4D finger ratio is an indirect measure for prenatal androgen exposure. It is negatively related to prenatal testosterone and positively related to prenatal estrogen, resulting in a lower ratio for men and a larger ratio for women. It can be explored in children as young as 2 years old. AIM To study if an association exists between the 2D:4D finger ratio and language development (vocabulary) and/or language problems. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The lengths of the second digit (index finger) (2D) and the fourth digit (ring finger) (4D) were measured in 97 preschoolers and the Language Development Survey was administered to the parents. RESULTS A weak negative correlation between language development (vocabulary) and right 2D:4D ratio was found in both sexes for children aged 4 or less years, significant only in boys. A strong negative correlation between language articulation problems and right 2D:4D ratio in both sexes for children aged 3 or less years, and a lower negative correlation between articulation problems and right 2D:4D ratio were found for boys aged 4 or less years. CONCLUSION Findings suggest an important role for testosterone in language development (vocabulary) and a possible influence on articulation problems, probably through higher testosterone levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Albores-Gallo
- Secretaría de Salud, Hospital Psiquiatrico Infantil Dr Juan N Navarro, Tlalpan, Mexico.
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Albores-Gallo L, Lara-Muñoz C, Esperón-Vargas C, Cárdenas Zetina JA, Pérez Soriano AM, Villanueva Colin G. Validity and reability of the CBCL/6-18. Includes DSM scales. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2007; 35:393-399. [PMID: 18004676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18) is the most commonly used parent-completed instrument that assesses child and adolescent psychopathology. It has been used in epidemiology and clinical studies. The last version contains DSM-oriented subscales. OBJECTIVE Investigate the psychometric properties of the CBCL/6-18 and develops a valid and reliable Mexican version. METHOD Psychologists and child psychiatrists adapted the Spanish version of CBCL/6-18, and a back translation was done by a native English speaker. Discrepancies in the adaptation were solved by consensus. The checklist was applied to children in the community and to outpatients from a psychiatric children hospital. Reliability was evaluated by estimating internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) on all scales: retest at one week was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). A ROC curve was performed to estimate a cut-off which correctly identified children from the clinically referred patients and children recruited in the community (non-referred). Mean differences for the groups were calculated with the Student's t test. RESULTS The Mexican version of the CBCL/6-18 showed that the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.90 for internalizing problems, 0.94 for externalizing problems and 0.97 for the total problem scale. The ICC was 0.97 for the total problem scale. Significant differences were found between the mean score in broad band, narrow and the new DSM/oriented scales. CONCLUSIONS The Mexican version of CBCL/6-18 is a reliable and valid screening instrument for clinical and epidemiologic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Albores-Gallo
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México.
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