The Mysterious Association Between Atrial Fibrillation and Cancer: A Literature Review

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac dysrhythmia, particularly affecting older adults, with its prevalence rising due to the aging population. AF is linked to several adverse outcomes, including embolic stroke, heart failure, and cancer. The association between AF and cancer is intricate and not yet fully understood. Studies suggest that the rise in cancer survivorship, along with cancer treatments, may contribute to an increased incidence of AF among cancer patients. This literature review was conducted using various databases to explore the relationship between AF and cancer. Studies from 2002 to 2022 were included, focusing on the adult population. Independent authors evaluated and validated the studies, ensuring rigorous methodology. The connection between AF and cancer appears multifaceted. There is evidence of increased cancer incidence within the first few months following an AF diagnosis, with potential shared risk factors like age, obesity, and smoking. Medications used to treat AF, notably amiodarone, were associated with increased cancer risk. Colon cancer risk might be linked to anticoagulation-induced gastrointestinal bleeding. It remains uncertain whether AF diagnosis leads to early cancer detection or if cancer itself contributes to AF development. The complex interplay between AF and cancer involves shared risk factors, potential medication-related influences, and unclear causal directions. The intricacies of this relationship warrant further research to clarify the underlying mechanisms and potential interactions. A comprehensive meta-analysis could provide more insights into this intriguing association and guide future clinical interventions.

Varicella-Zoster Virus Myocarditis: Early Clinical Diagnosis and Outcome

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a viral infection that causes chickenpox and shingles. Although it is usually self-limiting, it can lead to severe complications, especially in pediatric and immunocompromised patients. VZV was first discovered as a cause of myocarditis in 1953. In this review article, we aim to investigate the early clinical diagnosis of myocarditis in VZV infections and the efficacy of the VZV vaccine in preventing myocarditis. The literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Sci-Hub databases. A high VZV mortality rate was noted among adults, infants, and immunocompromised patients. The early diagnosis and treatment of VZV myocarditis can reduce mortality.