1
|
Zaripova LN, Midgley A, Christmas SE, Beresford MW, Pain C, Baildam EM, Oldershaw RA. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis and Therapy of Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16040. [PMID: 38003230 PMCID: PMC10671211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulate immune responses and maintain self-tolerance. Their trophic activities and regenerative properties make them potential immunosuppressants for treating autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. MSCs are drawn to sites of injury and inflammation where they can both reduce inflammation and contribute to tissue regeneration. An increased understanding of the role of MSCs in the development and progression of autoimmune disorders has revealed that MSCs are passive targets in the inflammatory process, becoming impaired by it and exhibiting loss of immunomodulatory activity. MSCs have been considered as potential novel cell therapies for severe autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, which at present have only disease modifying rather than curative treatment options. MSCs are emerging as potential therapies for severe autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Clinical application of MSCs in rare cases of severe disease in which other existing treatment modalities have failed, have demonstrated potential use in treating multiple diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and COVID-19 pneumonia. This review explores the biological mechanisms behind the role of MSCs in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. It also covers their immunomodulatory capabilities, potential therapeutic applications, and the challenges and risks associated with MSC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina N. Zaripova
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine, National Scientific Medical Center, 42 Abylai Khan Avenue, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Angela Midgley
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.W.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Stephen E. Christmas
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, The Ronald Ross Building, 8 West Derby Street, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK;
| | - Michael W. Beresford
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.W.B.); (C.P.)
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, East Prescott Road, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK
| | - Clare Pain
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK; (A.M.); (M.W.B.); (C.P.)
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, East Prescott Road, Liverpool L14 5AB, UK
| | - Eileen M. Baildam
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, The Alexandra Hospital, Mill Lane, Cheadle SK8 2PX, UK;
| | - Rachel A. Oldershaw
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zaripova LN, Midgley A, Christmas SE, Beresford MW, Baildam EM, Oldershaw RA. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: from aetiopathogenesis to therapeutic approaches. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2021; 19:135. [PMID: 34425842 PMCID: PMC8383464 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-021-00629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common paediatric rheumatological disorder and is classified by subtype according to International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. Depending on the number of joints affected, presence of extra-articular manifestations, systemic symptoms, serology and genetic factors, JIA is divided into oligoarticular, polyarticular, systemic, psoriatic, enthesitis-related and undifferentiated arthritis. This review provides an overview of advances in understanding of JIA pathogenesis focusing on aetiology, histopathology, immunological changes associated with disease activity, and best treatment options. Greater understanding of JIA as a collective of complex inflammatory diseases is discussed within the context of therapeutic interventions, including traditional non-biologic and up-to-date biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Whilst the advent of advanced therapeutics has improved clinical outcomes, a considerable number of patients remain unresponsive to treatment, emphasising the need for further understanding of disease progression and remission to support stratification of patients to treatment pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina N Zaripova
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Angela Midgley
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, University Department, Liverpool Women's Hospital, First Floor, Crown Street, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK
| | - Stephen E Christmas
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, The Ronald Ross Building, 8 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Michael W Beresford
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, University Department, Liverpool Women's Hospital, First Floor, Crown Street, Liverpool, L8 7SS, UK
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, East Prescott Road, Liverpool, L14 5AB, UK
| | - Eileen M Baildam
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, East Prescott Road, Liverpool, L14 5AB, UK
| | - Rachel A Oldershaw
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|