1
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Le K, Vollenweider J, Han J, Staudinger N, Stenson M, Bayraktar L, Wellik LE, Maurer MJ, McPhail ED, Witzig TE, Gupta M. Dependence of peripheral T-cell lymphoma on constitutively activated JAK3: Implication for JAK3 inhibition as a therapeutic approach. Hematol Oncol 2024; 42:e3233. [PMID: 37876297 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a clinically heterogeneous group that represents 10%-15% of all lymphomas. Despite improved genetic and molecular understanding, treatment outcomes for PTCL have not shown significant improvement. Although Janus kinase-2 (JAK2) plays an important role in myeloproliferative neoplasms, the critical role of JAK isoforms in mediating prosurvival signaling in PTCL cells is not well defined. Immunohistochemical analysis of PTCL tumors (n = 96) revealed high levels of constitutively active JAK3 (pJAK3) that significantly (p < 0.04) correlated with the activation state of its canonical substrate STAT3. Furthermore, constitutive activation of JAK3 and STAT3 positively correlated, at least in part, with an oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11. Pharmacological inhibition of JAK3 but not JAK1/JAK2 significantly (p < 0.001) decreased PTCL proliferation, survival and STAT3 activation. A sharp contrast was observed in the pJAK3 positivity between ALK+ (85.7%) versus ALK-negative (10.0%) in human PTCL tumors and PTCL cell lines. Moreover, JAK3 and ALK reciprocally interacted in PTCL cells, forming a complex to possibly regulate STAT3 signaling. Finally, combined inhibition of JAK3 (by WHI-P154) and ALK (by crizotinib or alectinib) significantly (p < 0.01) decreased the survival of PTCL cells as compared to either agent alone by inhibiting STAT3 downstream signaling. Collectively, our findings establish that JAK3 is a therapeutic target for a subset of PTCL, and provide rationale for the clinical evaluation of JAK3 inhibitors combined with ALK-targeted therapy in PTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Le
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, GW Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jordan Vollenweider
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, GW Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - JingJing Han
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas Staudinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, GW Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Mary Stenson
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lara Bayraktar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, GW Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Linda E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Matthew J Maurer
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ellen D McPhail
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas E Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mamta Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, GW Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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2
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Dejban P, Wilson EM, Jayachandran M, Herrera Hernandez LP, Haskic Z, Wellik LE, Sinha S, Rule AD, Denic A, Koo K, Potretzke AM, Lieske JC. Inflammatory Cells in Nephrectomy Tissue from Patients without and with a History of Urinary Stone Disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:414-422. [PMID: 35078782 PMCID: PMC8975022 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.11730921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Urinary stone disease has been associated with inflammation, but the specific cell interactions that mediate events remain poorly defined. This study compared calcification and inflammatory cell patterns in kidney tissue from radical nephrectomy specimens of patients without and with a history of urinary stone disease. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Nontumor parenchyma of biobanked radical nephrectomy specimens from age- and sex-matched stone formers (n=44) and nonstone formers (n=82) were compared. Calcification was detected by Yasue staining and inflammatory cell populations by immunohistochemistry for CD68 (proinflammatory M1 macrophages), CD163 and CD206 (anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages), CD3 (T lymphocytes), and tryptase (mast cells). Calcifications and inflammatory cells were quantified in cortex and medulla using Image-Pro analysis software. RESULTS Calcification in the medulla of stone formers was higher than in nonstone formers (P<0.001). M1 macrophages in the cortex and medulla of stone formers were greater than in nonstone formers (P<0.001), and greater in stone former medulla than stone former cortex (P=0.02). There were no differences in age, sex, body mass index, tumor characteristics (size, stage, or thrombus), vascular disease status, or eGFR between the groups. M2 macrophages, T lymphocytes, and mast cells did not differ by stone former status. There was a correlation between M1 macrophages and calcification in the medulla of stone formers (rho=0.48; P=0.001) and between M2 macrophages and calcification in the medulla of nonstone formers (rho=0.35; P=0.001). T lymphocytes were correlated with calcification in the cortex of both nonstone formers (rho=0.27; P=0.01) and stone formers (rho=0.42; P=0.004), whereas mast cells and calcification were correlated only in the cortex of stone formers (rho=0.35; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Higher medullary calcification stimulated accumulation of proinflammatory rather than anti-inflammatory macrophages in stone formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Dejban
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elena M. Wilson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Muthuvel Jayachandran
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Zejfa Haskic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Sutapa Sinha
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew D. Rule
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aleksandar Denic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin Koo
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - John C. Lieske
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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3
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Abeykoon JP, Hampel PJ, King RL, Wood AJ, Larson MC, Nowakowski KE, Zanwar SS, Dasari S, Ruan GJ, Ravindran A, Wellik LE, Paludo J, Link BK, Cerhan JR, Ansell SM, Nowakowski GS, Thompson CA, Maurer MJ, Wenzl K, Novak AJ, Wu X, Habermann TM, Witzig TE. The significance of gradient expression of chromosome region maintenance protein 1 (exportin1) in large cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2021; 106:2261-2264. [PMID: 33657788 PMCID: PMC8327726 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.278277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J Hampel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Rebecca L King
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Adam J Wood
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | | | | | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | - Gordon J Ruan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Aishwarya Ravindran
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | | | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Brian K Link
- Division of Hematology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - James R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | | | | | | | - Matthew J Maurer
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | - Kerstin Wenzl
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Anne J Novak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
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4
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Jalali S, Shi J, Buko A, Ahsan N, Paludo J, Serres M, Wellik LE, Abeykoon J, Kim H, Tang X, Yang ZZ, Novak AJ, Witzig TE, Ansell SM. Increased glutathione utilization augments tumor cell proliferation in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101657. [PMID: 32763516 PMCID: PMC7404570 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cells. In Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM), the infiltration of IgM-secreting lymphoplamacytic cells into the bone marrow (BM) could shift the homeostasis of proteins and metabolites towards a permissive niche for tumor growth. Here, we investigated whether alerted metabolic pathways contribute to the pathobiology of WM and whether the cytokine composition of the BM promotes such changes. Metabolomics analysis on WM patients and normal donors' serum samples revealed a total of 75 metabolites that were significantly altered between two groups. While these metabolites belonged to amino acids, glucose, glutathione and lipid metabolism pathways, the highest number of the differentially expressed metabolites belonged to glutathione metabolism. Proteomics analysis and immunohistochemical staining both confirmed the increased protein levels mediating glutathione metabolism, including GCLC, MT1X, QPCT and GPX3. Moreover, treatment with IL-6 and IL-21, cytokines that induce WM cell proliferation and IgM secretion, increased gene expression of the amino acid transporters mediating glutathione metabolism, including ASCT2, SLC7A11 and 4F2HC, indicating that cytokines in the WM BM could modulate glutathione metabolism. Glutathione synthesis inhibition using Buthionine sulphoximine (BSO) significantly reduced WM cells proliferation in vitro, accompanied with decreased NFκB-p65 and MAPK-p38 phosphorylation. Moreover, BSO treatment significantly reduced the tumor growth rate in a WM xenograft model, further highlighting the role of glutathione metabolism in promoting tumor growth and proliferation. In summary, our data highlight a central role for glutathione metabolism in WM pathobiology and indicate that intervening with the metabolic processes could be a potential therapy for WM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Jalali
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jie Shi
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Alex Buko
- Human Metabolome Technologies (HMT) America, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nagib Ahsan
- COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Proteomics Core Facility, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, 02903, USA; Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Makayla Serres
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Linda E Wellik
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jithma Abeykoon
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - HyoJin Kim
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xinyi Tang
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhi-Zhang Yang
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anne J Novak
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Thomas E Witzig
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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5
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Abeykoon JP, Paludo J, Nowakowski KE, Stenson MJ, King RL, Wellik LE, Wu X, Witzig TE. The effect of CRM1 inhibition on human non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells. Blood Cancer J 2019; 9:24. [PMID: 30808874 PMCID: PMC6391437 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-019-0188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jithma P Abeykoon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kevin E Nowakowski
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mary J Stenson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Rebecca L King
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Linda E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Thomas E Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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6
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Hu G, Dasari S, Asmann YW, Greipp PT, Knudson RA, Benson HK, Li Y, Eckloff BW, Jen J, Link BK, Jiang L, Sidhu JS, Wellik LE, Witzig TE, Bennani NN, Cerhan JR, Boddicker RL, Feldman AL. Targetable fusions of the FRK tyrosine kinase in ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2017; 32:565-569. [PMID: 29026208 PMCID: PMC5803446 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Y W Asmann
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - P T Greipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R A Knudson
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - H K Benson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Y Li
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B W Eckloff
- Medical Genome Facility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Jen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B K Link
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - L Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - J S Sidhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, United Health Services Hospitals, Johnson City/Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - L E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T E Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - N N Bennani
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R L Boddicker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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7
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Demosthenous C, Han JJ, Stenson MJ, Maurer MJ, Wellik LE, Link B, Hege K, Dogan A, Sotomayor E, Witzig T, Gupta M. Translation initiation complex eIF4F is a therapeutic target for dual mTOR kinase inhibitors in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9488-501. [PMID: 25839159 PMCID: PMC4496233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulated mRNA translation has been implicated in disease development and in part is controlled by a eukaryotic initiation complex eIF4F (composed of eIF4E, eIF4G and eIF4A). We demonstrate here that the cap bound fraction from lymphoma cells was enriched with eIF4G and eIF4E indicating that lymphoma cells exist in an activated translational state. Moreover, 77% (110/142) of diffuse large B cell lymphoma tumors expressed eIF4E and this was associated with an inferior event free survival. Over-expression of wild-type eIF4E (eIF4E(WT)) but not cap-mutant eIF4E (eIF4E(cap mutant)) increased the activation of the eIF4F complex. Treatment with the active-site dual mTOR inhibitor CC214-1 reduced the level of the eIF4F complex by decreasing the cap bound fraction of eIF4G and increasing the levels of 4E-BP1. CC214-1 inhibited both the cap dependent and global protein translation. CC214-1 inhibited c-Myc, and cyclin D3 translation by decreasing polysomal fractions from lymphoma cells. Inhibition of eIF4E with shRNA further decreased the CC214-1 induced inhibition of the eIF4F complex, c-Myc, cyclin D3 translation, and colony formation. These studies demonstrate that the eIF4F complex is deregulated in aggressive lymphoma and that dual mTOR therapy has therapeutic potential in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Demosthenous
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jing Jing Han
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mary J Stenson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew J Maurer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Linda E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Brian Link
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, IA, USA
| | | | - Ahmet Dogan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eduardo Sotomayor
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mamta Gupta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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8
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Witzig TE, Hu G, Offer SM, Wellik LE, Han JJ, Stenson MJ, Dogan A, Diasio RB, Gupta M. Epigenetic mechanisms of protein tyrosine phosphatase 6 suppression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: implications for epigenetic therapy. Leukemia 2013; 28:147-54. [PMID: 23979523 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases such as PTPN6 can be downregulated in various neoplasms. PTPN6 expression by immunohistochemistry in 40 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tumors was lost or suppressed in 53% (21/40). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of PTPN6 suppression, we performed a comprehensive epigenetic analysis of PTPN6 promoter 2 (P2). None of the DLBCL primary tumors (0/37) had PTPN6 hypermethylation on the CpG1 island using methylation-specific PCR, pyrosequencing, and high-resolution melting assays. However, hypermethylation in 57% (21/37) of cases was found in a novel CpG island (CpG2) in P2. PTPN6 gene suppression was reversed by 5-aza-deoxycytidine (5-Aza), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, and the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) LBH589. LBH589 and 5-Aza in combination inhibited DLBCL survival and PTPN6 hypermethylation at CpG2. The role of histone modifications was investigated with a chromatin-immunoprecipitation assay demonstrating that PTPN6 P2 is associated with silencing histone marks H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 in DLBCL cells but not normal B cells. 3-Deazaneplanocin A, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor, decreased the H3K27me3 mark, whereas HDACi LBH589 increased the H3K9Ac mark within P2 resulting in re-expression of PTPN6. These studies have uncovered novel epigenetic mechanisms of PTPN6 suppression and suggest that PTPN6 may be a potential target of epigenetic therapy in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - G Hu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S M Offer
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - L E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J J Han
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M J Stenson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Dogan
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA
| | - R B Diasio
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Gupta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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9
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Ramakrishnan V, Timm M, Haug JL, Kimlinger TK, Halling T, Wellik LE, Witzig TE, Rajkumar SV, Adjei AA, Kumar S. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, is effective in vitro against non-Hodgkin lymphoma and synergizes with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:277-83. [PMID: 22190165 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.22263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represents a heterogenous group of neoplasias originating from lymphoid cells. Increased angiogenesis and expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR) have been found to be associated with NHL disease progression. Increase in VEGF and other cytokines stimulate signaling cascades, including the Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk pathway, resulting in increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Here, we report the in vitro antilymphoma activity of sorafenib, an inhibitor of VEGFR and Raf kinase. Sorafenib induced potent cytotoxicity in NHL cell lines and patient samples. This induction of cytotoxicity was associated with a corresponding increase in apoptotic cell death. Mechanism of action of sorafenib was investigated in follicular (DoHH2) and Burkitt lymphoma (Raji) cell lines. pStat3, pAkt, Mcl1, and Xiap were downregulated in both cell lines, whereas pErk decreased in Raji but not in DoHH2 cells following sorafenib treatment. IL6 was unable to prevent sorafenib induced repression of pStat3, pAkt, Mcl1, and Bcl-Xl. Sorafenib in combination with an mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin demonstrated synergy in inducing cytotoxicity in NHL cells. Sorafenib/rapamycin combination resulted in downregulation of pAkt, pmTOR, p-p70S6K, p4EBP1, pGSK3β, Mcl1, and Bcl-Xl. On the basis of our results, a clinical trial is underway using sorafenib with everolimus in NHL patients.
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10
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Ramakrishnan V, Timm M, Haug JL, Kimlinger TK, Wellik LE, Witzig TE, Rajkumar SV, Adjei AA, Kumar S. Sorafenib, a dual Raf kinase/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor has significant anti-myeloma activity and synergizes with common anti-myeloma drugs. Oncogene 2009; 29:1190-202. [PMID: 19935717 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is characterized by increased bone marrow neovascularization driven in part by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In addition, the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway is critical for the proliferation of myeloma cells and is often upregulated. Sorafenib (Nexavar) is a novel multi-kinase inhibitor that acts predominantly through inhibition of Raf-kinase and VEGF receptor 2, offering the potential for targeting two important aspects of disease biology. In in vitro studies, sorafenib-induced cytotoxicity in MM cell lines as well as freshly isolated patient myeloma cells. It retained its activity against MM cells in co-culture with stromal cells or with interleukin-6, VEGF or IGF; conditions mimicking tumor microenvironment. Examination of cellular signaling pathways showed downregulation of Mcl1 as well as decreased phosphorylation of the STAT3 and MEK/ERK, as potential mechanisms of its anti-tumor effect. Sorafenib induces reciprocal upregulation of Akt phosphorylation; and simultaneous inhibition of downstream mTOR with rapamycin leads to synergistic effects. Sorafenib also synergizes with drugs such as proteasome inhibitors and steroids. In a human in vitro angiogenesis assay, sorafenib showed potent anti-angiogenic activity. Sorafenib, through multiple mechanisms exerts potent anti-myeloma activity and these results favor further clinical evaluation and development of novel sorafenib combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramakrishnan
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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11
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Ding W, Nowakowski GS, Knox TR, Boysen JC, Maas ML, Schwager SM, Wu W, Wellik LE, Dietz AB, Ghosh AK, Secreto CR, Medina KL, Shanafelt TD, Zent CS, Call TG, Kay NE. Bi-directional activation between mesenchymal stem cells and CLL B-cells: implication for CLL disease progression. Br J Haematol 2009; 147:471-83. [PMID: 19751240 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It was hypothesized that contact between chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) B-cells and marrow stromal cells impact both cell types. To test this hypothesis, we utilized a long-term primary culture system from bone biopsies that reliably generates a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). Co-culture of MSC with CLL B-cells protected the latter from both spontaneous apoptosis and drug-induced apoptosis. The CD38 expression in previously CD38 positive CLL B-cells was up-regulated with MSC co-culture. Upregulation of CD71, CD25, CD69 and CD70 in CLL B-cells was found in the co-culture. CD71 upregulation was more significantly associated with high-risk CLL, implicating CD71 regulation in the microenvironment predicting disease progression. In MSC, rapid ERK and AKT phosphorylation (within 30 min) were detected when CLL B-cells and MSC were separated by transwell; indicating that activation of MSC was mediated by soluble factors. These findings support a bi-directional activation between bone marrow stromal cells and CLL B-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ding
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Ho CL, Arora B, Hoyer JD, Wellik LE, Mesa RA, Tefferi A. Bone marrow expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia. Eur J Haematol 2005; 74:35-9. [PMID: 15613104 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The biologic relevance and prognostic impact of angiogenesis is being increasingly recognized in many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies including myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM). Many cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been implicated for neoangiogenesis in MMM. However, the exact humoral basis remains to be elucidated. We examined the expression of VEGF by immunohistochemistry in a prospective cohort of 66 MMM patients, including six with cellular phase disease, and five normal controls. Contrary to most other hematologic malignancies, the distribution and intensity of staining for VEGF in bone marrow was similar between the MMM patients and controls. Interestingly, all six cellular phase patients displayed significantly increased VEGF expression. Thus, upregulation of angiogenic cytokines other than VEGF such as TGF-beta or loss of activity of an anti-angiogenic cytokine might be the dominant pathway of endothelial activation in MMM. However, VEGF might contribute to the process in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Liang Ho
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ansell SM, Arendt BK, Grote DM, Jelinek DF, Novak AJ, Wellik LE, Remstein ED, Bennett CF, Fielding A. Inhibition of survivin expression suppresses the growth of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Leukemia 2004; 18:616-23. [PMID: 14749704 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family and functions both as an apoptosis inhibitor and a regulator of cell division. Survivin overexpression is common in many human tumors and correlates with survival in large cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. To evaluate this molecule as a potential therapeutic target in large-cell lymphoma, we evaluated the effect of survivin inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. Using an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) approach, cell growth was significantly inhibited in the DoHH2, RL and HT lymphoma cell lines. In a lymphoma xenograft model, the development of tumors as well as the growth of established tumors was inhibited in the survivin ASO-treated mice compared to controls. To assess the efficacy of the survivin ASO in combination with other biological agents, we combined the survivin ASO with an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab. The effect of survivin ASO and rituximab in combination was additive in vitro. In vivo, however, suppression of tumor growth with the combination was not significantly superior to controls. We conclude that inhibition of survivin expression is an attractive therapeutic strategy in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and that combining survivin ASO with rituximab may enhance the efficacy of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ansell
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Kumar S, Witzig TE, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Wellik LE, Fonseca R, Lust JA, Gertz MA, Kyle RA, Greipp PR, Rajkumar SV. Effect of thalidomide therapy on bone marrow angiogenesis in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2004; 18:624-7. [PMID: 14749707 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis is increased in multiple myeloma and is an important prognostic factor for survival. Previous studies have shown that BM angiogenesis does not change following chemotherapy or stem cell transplant. Given its potential antiangiogenic effect, we evaluated if thalidomide therapy would affect the BM microvessel density (MVD). We studied BM angiogenesis in 81 patients with various disease stages treated with thalidomide with or without dexamethasone. MVD was determined as previously described. MVD was compared between pretreatment marrows and those obtained 4-6 months following therapy. The median (range) MVD pretherapy was 28 (2-116) and post-therapy was 15 (3-97). A partial or complete response was seen in 58% of patients, stable disease in 41% and progressive disease in one patient. MVD decreased significantly in responders (median decrease of 12, P<0.001). In contrast, no significant change in MVD was seen in those failing to respond to thalidomide. Unlike the lack of resolution of angiogenesis reported with other therapies, we demonstrate for the first time a significant decrease in microvessels with thalidomide therapy. Although not conclusive, this result lends further support to the hypothesis that angiogenesis is a relevant therapeutic target in myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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