Frontiers of soybean pan-genome studies

Artificial domestication provided the original motivation to the blooming of agriculture, following with the dramatic change of the genetic background of crops and livestock. According to theory and technology upgradation that contributing to the omics, we appreciate using the pan-genome instead of single reference genome for crop study. By comparison and integration of multiple genomes under the guidance of pan-genome theory, we can estimate the genomic information range of a species, leading to a global understanding of its genetic diversity. Combining pan-genome with large size chromosomal structural variations, high throughput population resequencing, and multi-omics data, we can profoundly study the genetic basis behind species traits we focus on. Soybean is one of the most important commercial crops over the world. It is also essential to our food security. Dissecting the formation of genetic diversity and the causal loci of key agricultural traits of soybean will make the modern soybean breeding more efficiently. In this review, we summarize the core idea of pan-genome and clarified the characteristics of construction strategies of pan-genome such as de novo/mapping assembly, iterative assembly and graph-based genome. Then we used the soybean pan-genome work as a case study to introduce the general way to study pan-genome. We highlighted the contribution of structural variation (SV) to the evolution/domestication of soybean and its value in understanding the genetic bases of agronomy traits. By those, we approved the value of graph-based pan-genome for data integration and SV calculation. Future research directions are also discussed for crop genomics and data science.

0660 The Association Between Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders and Free Flap Reconstruction Surgery in Patients With Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancers During 6-Month Follow-Up

Introduction

Little was known about the association between sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) and oral and oropharynx cancers (OOCs). To clarify the impact of free flap reconstruction on SRBDs, we performed a pilot study to investigate the change of SRBDs severity in patients with OOC before and after flap reconstruction surgery.

Methods

This study recruited 15 patients who were newly diagnosed with OOCs and expected to receive free flap reconstruction surgery. For each participant, polysomnography tests were performed repeatedly at the time of pre-operative, post-operative 1-week, and post-operative 6-month periods.

Results

All the subjects were male. Median age was 56 years (range 37-68). Mean of body mass index (BMI) was 24.5 (SD 5.8). Pre-operative apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 21.1/hour (SD 20.1). During post-operative 1-week period, BMI was 24.1(SD 5.8) and AHI was 40.2/hour (SD 27.9). During post-operative 6-month period, BMI was 23.4 (SD 3.3) and AHI was 33.3/hour (SD 21.6). Comparison between pre-operative and post-operative 6-month periods, there was no significant difference in BMI, but AHI increased significantly (21.1/hour v.s. 33.3/hour, P = 0.01).

Conclusion

Our study showed that OOCs patients with free flap reconstruction surgery had significantly increased AHI level during post-operative 1-week period. The SRBDs severity became partial remission after 6 months. We recommend that the head and neck cancer team should pay attention to the SRBDs issues in OOCs patients with free flap reconstruction surgery.

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