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Pandit A, Adholeya A, Cahill D, Brau L, Kochar M. Microbial biofilms in nature: unlocking their potential for agricultural applications. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:199-211. [PMID: 32034822 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Soil environments are dynamic and the plant rhizosphere harbours a phenomenal diversity of micro-organisms which exchange signals and beneficial nutrients. Bipartite beneficial or symbiotic interactions with host roots, such as mycorrhizae and various bacteria, are relatively well characterized. In addition, a tripartite interaction also exists between plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and associated bacteria. Bacterial biofilms exist as a sheet of bacterial cells in association with AMF structures, embedded within a self-produced exopolysaccharide matrix. Such biofilms may play important functional roles within these tripartite interactions. However, the details about such interactions in the rhizosphere and their relevant functional relationships have not been elucidated. This review explores the current understanding of naturally occurring microbial biofilms, and their interaction with biotic surfaces, especially AMF. The possible roles played by bacterial biofilms and the potential for their application for a more productive and sustainable agriculture is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pandit
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana, India
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
| | - A Adholeya
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - D Cahill
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
| | - L Brau
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic, Australia
| | - M Kochar
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI Gram, Gwal Pahari, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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France KA, Qureshi M, Thomas J, Abbott E, Brau L, Qureshi AI. Abstract T MP102: Hotline Use for Recruitment Support in Acute Stroke Trials: Lessons learned To Date in Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage (ATACH)-II. Stroke 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.tmp102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Use of hotline services for clinical support and safe operation of a research trial is common and important. The value of such services has not been objectively assessed within the context of a large acute stroke clinical trial.
Methods:
The use of three different hotline services have been tested, and cell and Email- options have also been explored for their advantages. US and Non-US sites are provided access to central hotline services, but for efficiency a local network for managing calls is established in each region. All sites may access both data management and the trial PI via hotline services when needed and this is supported by other technologies in addition. A means for supporting overall trial communications in light of these interactions has been developed and valuable insights are gained.
Results:
Data gathered from 211 calls logged at the Clinical Coordinating Center through the course of the ATACH-II trial have been summarized: Total Calls Reviewed: 211; Year 2 of trial: 92 calls, Year 3 of trial: 100 calls. Calls received midnight to 8 AM: 19 (9.0%), 8 AM - 5 PM 130 (61.6 %) 5 PM - 12:00 PM 65 (30.8%). Issues Resolved in < 5 min 143/211 (67.8%) Taking > 30 min to resolution 51/211 (24.2%). Purpose of calls: Eligibility 89 (42.2%). protocol compliance including drug management: 77 (36.5%%), randomization/emergency randomization: 16 (7.6%), protocol deviation:13 (6.2%), technological difficulties: 12 (5.7%), AE/SAE: 9 (4.3%), Subject enrollments directly associated with calls: 57 (20.8% of domestic subjects); excluded candidates directly associated with calls: 46 (% not available).
Conclusions:
In an international trial requiring rapid enrollment of subjects with intracerebral hemorrhage, the role of direct support via a hotline and other immediate communications means has proven to be instrumental in maintaining good protocol compliance and supporting enrollment by site team members .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Logan Brau
- Neurology, Univ of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Alfredo Caceres J, Greer DM, Goldstein JN, Viswanathan A, Suarez JI, Brau L, Zacko JC, Lowenkopf TJ, Miller CM, Shah QA, Chang I, Sen S, Messe SR, Chou SH, Qureshi AI. Enrollment of research subjects through telemedicine networks in a multicenter acute intracerebral hemorrhage clinical trial: design and methods. J Vasc Interv Neurol 2014; 7:34-40. [PMID: 25298858 PMCID: PMC4188255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enrollment of subjects in acute stroke trials is often hindered by narrow timeframes, because a large proportion of patients arrive via transfers from outside facilities rather than primary arrival at the enrolling hospital. RATIONALE Telemedicine networks have been increasingly used for provision of care for acute stroke patients at facilities outside of major academic centers. Treatment decisions made through telemedicine networks in patients with acute ischemic stroke have been shown to be safe, reliable, and effective. With the expanding use of this technology and the impediments to enrolling subjects into clinical trials, this approach can be applied successfully to the field of clinical research. METHODS AND CONCLUSIONS The Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage II trial is a phase III randomized multicenter trial that has developed a protocol in collaboration with participating sites to implement the use of telemedicine networks for the enrollment of research subjects. The protocol describes the operating procedures and legal and Institutional Review Board perspectives for its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David M Greer
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joshua N Goldstein
- Harvard Medical School, Center for Neurologic Emergencies, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anand Viswanathan
- Harvard Medical School, Telestroke Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jose I Suarez
- Section of Vascular Neurology and Neurocritical Care, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Logan Brau
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute, St Cloud MN, USA
| | | | - Theodore J Lowenkopf
- Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Neurology, Providence Stroke Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Chad M Miller
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qaisar A Shah
- Neurointerventional and Neurocritical Care Services, Neurosciences Institute, Abington Memorial Hospital, Abington, PA, USA
| | - Ira Chang
- Acute Neurological Services, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO, USA
| | - Souvik Sen
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Steven R Messe
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Adnan I Qureshi
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute, St Cloud MN, USA ; Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute, St Cloud, MN, USA
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Caceres AJ, Greer DM, Goldstein JN, Viswanathan A, Suarez JI, Brau L, Zacko JC, Lowenkopf TJ, Miller CM, Shah QA, Chang I, Sen S, Messe SR, Chou SHY, Qureshi AI. Enrollment of Research Subjects through Telemedicine Networks in a Multicenter Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Clinical Trial: Design and Methods. J Vasc Interv Neurol 2013; 6:1-6. [PMID: 23826435 PMCID: PMC3693995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enrollment of subjects in acute stroke trials is often hindered by narrow timeframes, because a large proportion of patients arrive via transfers from outside facilities rather than primary arrival at the enrolling hospital. RATIONALE Telemedicine networks have been increasingly utilized for provision of care for acute stroke patients at facilities outside of major academic centers. Treatment decisions made through Telemedicine networks in patients with acute ischemic stroke have been shown to be safe, reliable, and effective. With the expanding use of this technology and the impediments to enrolling subjects into clinical trials, this approach can be applied successfully to the field of clinical research. METHODS AND CONCLUSIONS The antihypertensive treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage II trial is a phase III randomized multicenter trial that has developed a protocol in collaboration with participating sites to implement the use of Telemedicine networks for the enrollment of research subjects. The protocol describes the operating procedures and legal and Institutional Review Board perspectives for its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo J Caceres
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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