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Kittl S, Brodard I, Rychener L, Jores J, Roosje P, Gobeli Brawand S. Otitis in a cat associated with Corynebacterium provencense. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:200. [PMID: 29940943 PMCID: PMC6019829 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1526-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of corynebacteria in canine and feline otitis has not been investigated in detail; however, members of this genus are increasingly recognized as pathogens of otitis in both human and veterinary medicine. CASE PRESENTATION Here we report the first case of feline otitis associated with the recently described species Corynebacterium provencense. A seven-month old cat presented with a head tilt and ataxia was diagnosed with peripheral vestibular syndrome associated with an otitis media/interna. This took place 6 weeks after resection of a polyp, having initially shown a full recovery with topical ofloxacin and glucocorticoid treatment. Bacteriology of an ear swab yielded a pure culture of corynebacteria, which could not be identified at the species level using routine methods. However, the 16S rRNA gene sequence was 100% identical to the recently published novel corynebacterium species, Corynebacterium provencense. Whole genome sequencing of the cat isolate and calculation of average nucleotide identity (99.1%) confirmed this finding. The cat isolate was found to contain additional presumptive iron acquisition genes that are likely to encode virulence factors. Furthermore, the strain tested resistant to clindamycin, penicillin and ciprofloxacin. The cat was subsequently treated with chloramphenicol, which lead to clinical improvement. CONCLUSION Corynebacteria from otitis cases are not routinely identified at the species level and not tested for antimicrobial susceptibility in veterinary laboratories, as they are not considered major pathogens. This may lead to underreporting of this genus or animals being treated with inappropriate antimicrobials since corynebacteria are often resistant to multiple drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Kittl
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Brodard
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Rychener
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Jores
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Petra Roosje
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Gobeli Brawand
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
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De Luca S, Nicholson P, Magistrali CF, García-Martín AB, Rychener L, Zeeh F, Frey J, Perreten V. Corrigendum to "Transposon-associated lincosamide resistance lnu(C) gene identified in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae ST83" [Vet. Microbiol. 214 (2018) 51-55]. Vet Microbiol 2018; 220:113. [PMID: 29754947 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio De Luca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pamela Nicholson
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Ana B García-Martín
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Rychener
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Friederike Zeeh
- Clinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Perreten
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Rychener L, In-Albon S, Djordjevic SP, Chowdhury PR, Nicholson P, Ziech RE, de Vargas AC, Frey J, Falquet L. Corrigendum: Clostridium chauvoei, an Evolutionary Dead-End Pathogen. Front Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29531522 PMCID: PMC5845704 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Rychener
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Saria In-Albon
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Steven P Djordjevic
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Piklu Roy Chowdhury
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Pamela Nicholson
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rosangela E Ziech
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Agueda C de Vargas
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Joachim Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Falquet
- Department of Biology, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Aguilar-Bultet L, Nicholson P, Rychener L, Dreyer M, Gözel B, Origgi FC, Oevermann A, Frey J, Falquet L. Genetic Separation of Listeria monocytogenes Causing Central Nervous System Infections in Animals. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:20. [PMID: 29459888 PMCID: PMC5807335 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes abortion, septicemia, gastroenteritis and central nervous system (CNS) infections in ruminants and humans. L. monocytogenes strains mainly belong to two distinct phylogenetic groups, named lineages I and II. In general, clinical cases in humans and animals, in particular CNS infections, are caused by lineage I strains, while most of the environmental and food strains belong to lineage II. Little is known about why lineage I is more virulent than lineage II, even though various molecular factors and mechanisms associated with pathogenesis are known. In this study, we have used a variety of whole genome sequence analyses and comparative genomic tools in order to find characteristics that distinguish lineage I from lineage II strains and CNS infection strains from non-CNS strains. We analyzed 225 strains and identified single nucleotide variants between lineages I and II, as well as differences in the gene content. Using a novel approach based on Reads Per Kilobase per Million Mapped (RPKM), we identified 167 genes predominantly absent in lineage II but present in lineage I. These genes are mostly encoding for membrane-associated proteins. Additionally, we found 77 genes that are largely absent in the non-CNS associated strains, while 39 genes are especially lacking in our defined “non-clinical” group. Based on the RPKM analysis and the metadata linked to the L. monocytogenes strains, we identified 6 genes potentially associated with CNS cases, which include a transcriptional regulator, an ABC transporter and a non-coding RNA. Although there is not a clear separation between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains based on phylogenetic lineages, the presence of the genes identified in our study reveals potential pathogenesis traits in ruminant L. monocytogenes strains. Ultimately, the differences that we have found in our study will help steer future studies in understanding the virulence mechanisms of the most pathogenic L. monocytogenes strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisandra Aguilar-Bultet
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,BUGFri Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pamela Nicholson
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Rychener
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Margaux Dreyer
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bulent Gözel
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Francesco C Origgi
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health (FIWI), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (DCR-VPH), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Falquet
- BUGFri Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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De Luca S, Nicholson P, Magistrali CF, García-Martín AB, Rychener L, Zeeh F, Frey J, Perreten V. Transposon-associated lincosamide resistance lnu (C) gene identified in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae ST83. Vet Microbiol 2018; 214:51-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Full genome sequences of 20 strains of Clostridium chauvoei, the etiological agent of blackleg of cattle and sheep, isolated from four different continents over a period of 64 years (1951–2015) were determined and analyzed. The study reveals that the genome of the species C. chauvoei is highly homogeneous compared to the closely related species C. perfringens, a widespread pathogen that affects human and many animal species. Analysis of the CRISPR locus is sufficient to differentiate most C. chauvoei strains and is the most heterogenous region in the genome, containing in total 187 different spacer elements that are distributed as 30 – 77 copies in the various strains. Some genetic differences are found in the 3 allelic variants of fliC1, fliC2 and fliC3 genes that encode structural flagellin proteins, and certain strains do only contain one or two alleles. However, the major virulence genes including the highly toxic C.chauvoei toxin A, the sialidase and the two hyaluronidases are fully conserved as are the metabolic and structural genes of C. chauvoei. These data indicate that C. chauvoei is a strict ruminant-associated pathogen that has reached a dead end in its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Rychener
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | - Saria InAlbon
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | | | - Piklu R Chowdhury
- The iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, UltimoNSW, Australia
| | - Rosangela E Ziech
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa MariaSanta Maria, Brazil
| | - Agueda C de Vargas
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa MariaSanta Maria, Brazil
| | - Joachim Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernBern, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Falquet
- Department of Biology, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
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