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Perrella G, Montague SJ, Brown HC, Garcia Quintanilla L, Slater A, Stegner D, Thomas M, Heemskerk JWM, Watson SP. Role of Tyrosine Kinase Syk in Thrombus Stabilisation at High Shear. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010493. [PMID: 35008919 PMCID: PMC8745592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pathways involved in the formation and stability of the core and shell regions of a platelet-rich arterial thrombus may result in new ways to treat arterial thrombosis. The distinguishing feature between these two regions is the absence of fibrin in the shell which indicates that in vitro flow-based assays over thrombogenic surfaces, in the absence of coagulation, can be used to resemble this region. In this study, we have investigated the contribution of Syk tyrosine kinase in the stability of platelet aggregates (or thrombi) formed on collagen or atherosclerotic plaque homogenate at arterial shear (1000 s-1). We show that post-perfusion of the Syk inhibitor PRT-060318 over preformed thrombi on both surfaces enhances thrombus breakdown and platelet detachment. The resulting loss of thrombus stability led to a reduction in thrombus contractile score which could be detected as early as 3 min after perfusion of the Syk inhibitor. A similar loss of thrombus stability was observed with ticagrelor and indomethacin, inhibitors of platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor and thromboxane A2 (TxA2), respectively, and in the presence of the Src inhibitor, dasatinib. In contrast, the Btk inhibitor, ibrutinib, causes only a minor decrease in thrombus contractile score. Weak thrombus breakdown is also seen with the blocking GPVI nanobody, Nb21, which indicates, at best, a minor contribution of collagen to the stability of the platelet aggregate. These results show that Syk regulates thrombus stability in the absence of fibrin in human platelets under flow and provide evidence that this involves pathways additional to activation of GPVI by collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Perrella
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 AC Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Samantha J. Montague
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Helena C. Brown
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Lourdes Garcia Quintanilla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Alexandre Slater
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Mark Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Johan W. M. Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 AC Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department Synapse Research Institute, 6214 AC Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Steve P. Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.P.); (S.J.M.); (H.C.B.); (L.G.Q.); (A.S.); (M.T.)
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-0121-4146514
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Montague SJ, Patel P, Martin EM, Slater A, Quintanilla LG, Perrella G, Kardeby C, Nagy M, Mezzano D, Mendes PM, Watson SP. Platelet activation by charged ligands and nanoparticles: platelet glycoprotein receptors as pattern recognition receptors. Platelets 2021; 32:1018-1030. [PMID: 34266346 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1945571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Charge interactions play a critical role in the activation of the innate immune system by damage- and pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptors. The ability of these receptors to recognize a wide spectrum of ligands through a common mechanism is critical in host defense. In this article, we argue that platelet glycoprotein receptors that signal through conserved tyrosine-based motifs function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) for charged endogenous and exogenous ligands, including sulfated polysaccharides, charged proteins and nanoparticles. This is exemplified by GPVI, CLEC-2 and PEAR1 which are activated by a wide spectrum of endogenous and exogenous ligands, including diesel exhaust particles, sulfated polysaccharides and charged surfaces. We propose that this mechanism has evolved to drive rapid activation of platelets at sites of injury, but that under some conditions it can drive occlusive thrombosis, for example, when blood comes into contact with infectious agents or toxins. In this Opinion Article, we discuss mechanisms behind charge-mediated platelet activation and opportunities for designing nanoparticles and related agents such as dendrimers as novel antithrombotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Montague
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Pushpa Patel
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, UK
| | - Eleyna M Martin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexandre Slater
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lourdes Garcia Quintanilla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gina Perrella
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Kardeby
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Magdolna Nagy
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Mezzano
- Laboratorio de Trombosis y Hemostasia, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula M Mendes
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, UK
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Onselaer MB, Nagy M, Pallini C, Pike JA, Perrella G, Quintanilla LG, Eble JA, Poulter NS, Heemskerk JWM, Watson SP. Comparison of the GPVI inhibitors losartan and honokiol. Platelets 2019; 31:187-197. [PMID: 30849265 PMCID: PMC7034533 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1585526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Losartan and honokiol are small molecules which have been described to inhibit aggregation of platelets by collagen. Losartan has been proposed to block clustering of GPVI but not to affect binding of collagen. Honokiol has been reported to bind directly to GPVI but only at a concentration that is three orders of magnitude higher than that needed for inhibition of aggregation. The mechanism of action of both inhibitors is so far unclear. In the present study, we confirm the inhibitory effects of both agents on platelet aggregation by collagen and show that both also block the aggregation induced by the activation of CLEC-2 or the low affinity immune receptor FcγRIIa at similar concentrations. For GPVI and CLEC-2, this inhibition is associated with a reduction in protein tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins including Syk. In contrast, on a collagen surface, spreading of platelets and clustering of GPVI (measured by single molecule localisation microscopy) was not altered by losartan or honokiol. Furthermore, in flow whole-blood, both inhibitors suppressed the formation of multi-layered platelet thrombi at arteriolar shear rates at concentrations that hardly affect collagen-induced platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma. Together, these results demonstrate that losartan and honokiol have multiple effects on platelets which should be considered in the use of these compounds as anti-platelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Blanche Onselaer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Magdolna Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, MD, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Pallini
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jeremy A Pike
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands
| | - Gina Perrella
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, MD, The Netherlands
| | - Lourdes Garcia Quintanilla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Natalie S Poulter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, MD, The Netherlands
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, IBR Building, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands
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