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Nogueira RLR, de Araújo TBS, Valverde LF, Silva VAO, Cavalcante BRR, Rossi EA, Allahdadi KJ, dos Reis MG, Pereira TA, Coletta RD, Bezerra DP, de Freitas Souza BS, Dias RB, Rocha CAG. Arsenic Trioxide Triggers Apoptosis of Metastatic Oral Squamous Cells Carcinoma with Concomitant Downregulation of GLI1 in Hedgehog Signaling. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123293. [PMID: 36552049 PMCID: PMC9775978 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the lack of advances in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) therapy in recent years, pharmacological strategies to block OSCC-related signaling pathways have gained prominence. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) concerning its antitumoral effects and the inhibition of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway in OSCC. Initially, ATO cytotoxicity was assessed in a panel of cell lines. Cell viability, cell cycle, death patterns, and cell morphology were analyzed, as well as the effect of ATO on the expression of HH pathway components. After the cytotoxic assay, HSC3 cells were chosen for all in vitro assays. ATO increased apoptotic cell death and nuclear fragmentation in the sub-G1 cell cycle phase and promoted changes in cell morphology. In addition, the reduced expression of GLI1 indicated that ATO inhibits HH activity. The present study provides evidence of ATO as an effective cytotoxic drug for oral cancer treatment in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Luís Rocha Nogueira
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Taís Bacelar Sacramento de Araújo
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Propedeutics, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40100-150, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Faro Valverde
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Propedeutics, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40100-150, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Viviane Aline Oliveira Silva
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Erik Aranha Rossi
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Kyan James Allahdadi
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mitermayer Galvão dos Reis
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Thiago Almeida Pereira
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, São Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pereira Bezerra
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rosane Borges Dias
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Propedeutics, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40100-150, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Clarissa A. Gurgel Rocha
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Propedeutics, School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40100-150, Bahia, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Rafael Hospital, Salvador 41253-190, Bahia, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-71-3176-2209
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