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Negro Silva LF, Makhani K, Lemaire M, Lemarié CA, Plourde D, Bolt AM, Chiavatti C, Bohle DS, Lehoux S, Goldberg MS, Mann KK. Sex-Specific Effects of Prenatal and Early Life Inorganic and Methylated Arsenic Exposure on Atherosclerotic Plaque Development and Composition in Adult ApoE-/- Mice. Environ Health Perspect 2021; 129:57008. [PMID: 34014776 PMCID: PMC8136521 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies indicate that early life arsenic exposures are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Different oxidation and methylation states of arsenic exist in the environment and are formed in vivo via the action of arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3MT). Methylated arsenicals are pro-atherogenic postnatally, but pre- and perinatal effects are unclear. This is particularly important because methylated arsenicals are known to cross the placenta. OBJECTIVES We tested the effects of early life exposure to inorganic and methylated arsenicals on atherosclerotic plaque formation and its composition in apolipoprotein E knock-out (apoE-/-) mice and evaluated whether apoE-/- mice lacking As3MT expression were susceptible to this effect. METHODS We exposed apoE-/- or apoE-/-/As3MT-/- mice to 200 ppb inorganic or methylated arsenic in the drinking water from conception to weaning and assessed atherosclerotic plaques in the offspring at 18 wk of age. Mixed regression models were used to estimate the mean difference in each outcome relative to controls, adjusting for sex and including a random effects term to account for within-litter clustering. RESULTS Early life exposure to inorganic arsenic, and more profoundly methylated arsenicals, resulted in significantly larger plaques in the aortic arch and sinus in both sexes. Lipid levels in these plaques were higher without a substantial difference in macrophage numbers. Smooth muscle cell content was not altered, but collagen content was lower. Importantly, there were sex-specific differences in these observations, where males had higher lipids and lower collagen in the plaque, but females did not. In mice lacking As3MT, arsenic did not alter the plaque size, although the size was highly variable. In addition, control apoE-/-/As3MT-/- mice had significantly larger plaque size compared with control apoE-/-. CONCLUSION This study shows that early life exposure to inorganic and methylated arsenicals is pro-atherogenic with sex-specific differences in plaque composition and a potential role for As3MT in mice. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8171.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Makhani
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lemaire
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine A. Lemarié
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- EA3878, European University of Occidental Brittany, Brest, France
- UMR 1078, Institut national de la santé et de la recherché médicale, Brest, France
| | - Dany Plourde
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alicia M. Bolt
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Chiavatti
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D. Scott Bohle
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Lehoux
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark S. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Koren K. Mann
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Makhani K, Chiavatti C, Plourde D, Negro Silva LF, Lemaire M, Lemarié CA, Lehoux S, Mann KK. Using the Apolipoprotein E Knock-Out Mouse Model to Define Atherosclerotic Plaque Changes Induced by Low Dose Arsenic. Toxicol Sci 2019; 166:213-218. [PMID: 30376133 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic exposure increases the risk of atherosclerosis, the gradual occlusion of the large arteries with fibro-fatty plaque. While epidemiologic data provide convincing evidence this is true at higher exposures, it is unclear whether this may occur at low arsenic exposures, near the maximum contaminant level of 10 ppb. We have previously shown that 200 ppb arsenite in the drinking water increased the atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knock-out (apoE-/-) mice after 13 weeks, but the effects of lower concentrations were unknown. Therefore, here, we analyzed the effects of oral exposure to arsenite from 10 to 200 ppb after 13 weeks. Importantly, we found that even at the lowest concentration of arsenite, there was a significant increase in atherosclerotic plaque size. In our previous studies, we found that arsenite exposure resulted in decreased smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and collagen within the plaque. This change is indicative of a less stable phenotype that could increase the risk of rupture and subsequently, myocardial infarct or stroke in humans. In addition, we observed that lipid increased within the plaque without concomitant increase in macrophage content, suggesting that the macrophages were retaining more lipid intracellularly. We also assessed these plaque components in apoE-/- mice exposed to 10-200 ppb arsenite. Interestingly, we observed that macrophage lipid accumulation occurred at lower concentrations than the decreased SMC/collagen content. Together these data suggest that in the apoE-/- model, low arsenite concentrations are pro-atherogenic and that macrophage lipid homeostasis is more sensitive to arsenite-induced perturbation than the SMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Makhani
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Chiavatti
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dany Plourde
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luis Fernando Negro Silva
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lemaire
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine A Lemarié
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lehoux
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Koren K Mann
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Bolt AM, Sabourin V, Molina MF, Police AM, Negro Silva LF, Plourde D, Lemaire M, Ursini-Siegel J, Mann KK. Tungsten targets the tumor microenvironment to enhance breast cancer metastasis. Toxicol Sci 2014; 143:165-77. [PMID: 25324207 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of individuals exposed to high levels of tungsten is increasing, yet there is limited knowledge of the potential human health risks. Recently, a cohort of breast cancer patients was left with tungsten in their breasts following testing of a tungsten-based shield during intraoperative radiotherapy. While monitoring tungsten levels in the blood and urine of these patients, we utilized the 66Cl4 cell model, in vitro and in mice to study the effects of tungsten exposure on mammary tumor growth and metastasis. We still detect tungsten in the urine of patients' years after surgery (mean urinary tungsten concentration at least 20 months post-surgery = 1.76 ng/ml), even in those who have opted for mastectomy, indicating that tungsten does not remain in the breast. In addition, standard chelation therapy was ineffective at mobilizing tungsten. In the mouse model, tungsten slightly delayed primary tumor growth, but significantly enhanced lung metastasis. In vitro, tungsten did not enhance 66Cl4 proliferation or invasion, suggesting that tungsten was not directly acting on 66Cl4 primary tumor cells to enhance invasion. In contrast, tungsten changed the tumor microenvironment, enhancing parameters known to be important for cell invasion and metastasis including activated fibroblasts, matrix metalloproteinases, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. We show, for the first time, that tungsten enhances metastasis in an animal model of breast cancer by targeting the microenvironment. Importantly, all these tumor microenvironmental changes are associated with a poor prognosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Bolt
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Valérie Sabourin
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Manuel Flores Molina
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Alice M Police
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Luis Fernando Negro Silva
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Dany Plourde
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Maryse Lemaire
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Josie Ursini-Siegel
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
| | - Koren K Mann
- *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3 *Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3T 1E2, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H2W 1S6, Pacific Breast Care Center, Costa Mesa, California, 92627, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, 92627; and Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 1A3
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