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Retta MA, Yin X, Ho QT, Watté R, Berghuijs HNC, Verboven P, Saeys W, Cano FJ, Ghannoum O, Struik PC, Nicolaï BM. The role of chloroplast movement in C4 photosynthesis: A theoretical analysis using a 3-D reaction-diffusion model for maize. J Exp Bot 2023:7135625. [PMID: 37083863 PMCID: PMC10400148 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts movement within mesophyll (M) cells in C4 plants is hypothesized to enhance the CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM), but this is difficult to verify experimentally. A three-dimensional (3-D) leaf model can help analyze how chloroplast movement influences the operation of CCM. The first volumetric reaction-diffusion model of C4 photosynthesis that incorporates: detailed 3-D leaf anatomy, light propagation, ATP and NADPH production and CO2, O2 and bicarbonate concentration driven by diffusional and assimilation/emission processes, was developed and implemented for maize leaves to simulate various chloroplast movement scenarios within M cells : the movement of all M chloroplasts towards bundle-sheath (BS) cells (aggregative movement) and movement of only those of interveinal M cells towards BS cells (avoidance movement). Light absorbed by bundle-sheath (BS) chloroplasts relative to M chloroplasts increased in both cases. Avoidance movement decreased light absorption by M chloroplasts considerably. Consequently, total ATP and NADPH production and net photosynthesis rate increased for aggregative movement and decreased for avoidance movement case compared to the default case of no chloroplast movement at high light intensities. Leakiness increased in both chloroplast movement scenarios due to the imbalance in energy production and demand in M and BS cells. These results suggest the need to design strategies for coordinated increases in electron transport and Rubisco activities for an efficient CCM at very high light intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Retta
- KU Leuven, MeBioS division, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - X Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Q T Ho
- Institute of Marine Research, Nordnesgaten 50, NO-5005 Bergen, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, Norway
| | - R Watté
- KU Leuven, MeBioS division, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H N C Berghuijs
- Plant Production Systems group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Verboven
- KU Leuven, MeBioS division, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W Saeys
- KU Leuven, MeBioS division, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F J Cano
- Centro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - O Ghannoum
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - P C Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - B M Nicolaï
- KU Leuven, MeBioS division, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Flanders Center of Postharvest Technology, Willem de Croylaan 42, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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