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Ranjbar F, Reitz S, Esmaeili Sardary A, Jalali MA, Ziaaddini M, Izadi H. Assessment of Toxicity Risk of Selected Insecticides Used in Pistachio Ecosystem on Two Egg Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) of Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). J Econ Entomol 2021; 114:1588-1596. [PMID: 34240149 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Psix saccharicola (Mani) and Trissolcus semistriatus (Nees) are the most abundant eggs parasitoids of the stink bug, Acrosternum arabicum Wagner, in pistachio orchards and have the potential to contribute to their suppression. However, treatment of orchards with broad-spectrum insecticides may greatly reduce populations of these beneficial natural enemies. Therefore, we conducted risk assessments and evaluated sublethal impacts of two insecticides routinely used in pistachio orchards: the organophosphate fenitrothion and a formulated mixture of the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam and the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin on parasitism success, emergence and sex ratio of P. saccharicola and T. semistriatus. Based on the values of their risk quotients (RQ), which are derived from toxicity data, the two insecticide products would be classified as slightly-to-moderately toxic although an alternative metric, the safety factor (SF), showed them to be highly risky. Assessments of sublethal effects on adult wasps showed that insecticide exposure significantly reduced their ability to successfully parasitize stink bug eggs, and exposure of adult females reduced the emergence, survival, and proportion of females of their progeny, which could disrupt biological control for an extended period of time. Analysis of the decreased emergence and parasitism for P. saccharicola and T. semistriatus in accordance with the standards of the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) indicate that fenitrothion is slightly harmful to both parasitoid species whereas the mixture of thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin is moderately harmful. These findings will be useful for integrating insecticides and egg parasitoids into a comprehensive integrated pest management program for managing stink bugs populations in pistachio orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Ranjbar
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Stuart Reitz
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Ontario, OR, USA
| | - Abbas Esmaeili Sardary
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Amin Jalali
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ziaaddini
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Izadi
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Ranjbar F, Reitz S, Jalali MA, Ziaaddini M, Izadi H. Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Two Commercial Insecticides on Egg Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) of Green Stink Bugs (Hem: Pentatomidae). J Econ Entomol 2021; 114:33-39. [PMID: 33140826 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pistacia vera L. is one of the most important horticultural crops in Iran. The stink bugs Acrosternum arabicum and Brachynema germari are two of the key pests that cause significant direct and indirect damage on Pistacia vera. Egg parasitoids have been considered as potential biological control agents of pistachio green stink bugs. Among them, Trissolcus semistriatus and Psix saccharicola are the most abundant and efficient parasitoid for A. arabicum in pistachio orchards. In this study, we assessed lethal and sublethal effects of two commonly used insecticide products (fenitrothion and a binary mixture of lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam) on these two parasitoid wasps under laboratory conditions. The median lethal concentration (LC50) values for fenitrothion and thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin in P. saccharicola and T. semistriatus were estimated as 1.03, 0.48 and 0.87, 0.98 mg a.i./liter, respectively. In terms of sublethal effects, insecticide treatments altered the type of functional response from type III to type II in T. semistriatus. However, P. saccharicola exhibited a type II functional to density of A. arabicum for all treatments, although attack rates were lower for insecticide-exposed wasps while handling times increased. Our results show that sublethal effects of insecticides further reduce the efficacy of biological control agents. Effective integrated pest management programs should avoid antagonistic interactions between chemical and biological control methods. The results of this study provide useful information to develop comprehensive integrated pest management programs for stink bugs in pistachio orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Ranjbar
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Stuart Reitz
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Ontario, OR
| | - M Amin Jalali
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ziaaddini
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Izadi
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Jalali MA, Mehrnejad MR, Ellsworth PC. Inferring Biological Control Potential of Adult Predatory Coccinellids Using Life History Traits and Putative Habitat Preference. J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:2116-2120. [PMID: 31165138 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aspects of the nutritional ecology and life histories of five predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)-two arboreal predator species, Oenopia conglobata contaminata (Menetries) and Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus), and three herbaceous dwelling predator species, Coccinella undecimpunctata aegyptica (Reiche), Exochomus nigripennis (Erichson), and Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)-were compared when fed either Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), the key psylla pest of pistachio trees, or Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a common aphid on herbaceous plants in pistachio orchards. The putative habitat preferences of four of the five coccinellids studied were consistent with their performance on the major herbivore present in those two habitats in terms of net reproductive rate. Oenopia conglobata contaminata and Ad. bipunctata showed higher net reproductive rates when fed on pistachio psylla prey, whereas C. undecimpunctata aegyptiaca and E. nigripennis had better reproductive output on aphid prey. Moreover, E. nigripennis was the most specialized of these generalist predators, eating more and reproducing better when fed aphids. Hippodamia variegata was relatively unaffected by the diet offered, suggesting greater ability to switch among herbivore prey and perhaps better potential as a biocontrol agent with abilities to exploit Ag. pistaciae without large life history tradeoffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amin Jalali
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Reza Mehrnejad
- Department of Plant Protection, Pistachio Research Institute of Iran, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Jalali MA, Reitz S, Mehrnejad MR, Ranjbar F, Ziaaddini M. Food Utilization, Development, and Reproductive Performance of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Feeding on an Aphid or Psylla Prey Species. J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:571-576. [PMID: 30689934 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of two prey species, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) and Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on the biology, reproduction, and food consumption indices of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Both species of prey were readily consumed by C. septempunctata larvae and adults. The predator was able to successfully utilize the psylla prey for larval development, but failed to lay eggs when fed this prey. However, A. gossypii fully supported both development and reproduction of C. septempunctata. Dry mass of ingested food was similar on both diets for each larval instar. However, the dry mass gained during each stadium for C. septempunctata was significantly greater with A. gossypii prey. The aphid diet was superior to the psylla diet in terms of food conversion efficiency as larvae consumed aphids more efficiently than psyllas, regardless of the higher consumption index on the psylla prey. Our results confirm that the study of prey suitability for larvae and adult stages of predatory lady beetles should be studied separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amin Jalali
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Stuart Reitz
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Ontario, OR
| | - M Reza Mehrnejad
- Department of Plant Protection, Pistachio Research Institute of Iran, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ranjbar
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ziaaddini
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Jalali MA, Mehrnejad MR, Ellsworth PC, Ranjbar F, Ziaaddini M. Predator performance: inferring predator switching behaviors based on nutritional indices in a coccinellid-psylla-aphid system. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:2851-2857. [PMID: 29770582 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the nutritional ecology of predatory coccinellids is important for the selection of efficient biocontrol agents. We examined five species common in pistachio orchards and determined their nutritional indices when fed on the key psylla pest of the system, Agonoscena pistaciae, in contrast to an alternative prey common on herbaceous plants in orchards, Aphis gossypii. RESULTS Feeding experiments revealed that Oenopia conglobata contaminata and Adalia bipunctata may be more efficient as biocontrol agents for A. pistaciae than for A. gossypii, as A. bipunctata had a high efficiency of conversion of ingested food and a high relative growth rate and O. conglobata contaminata had a high consumption index on psylla prey. In contrast, the nutritional indices of Coccinella undecimpunctata aegyptica, Hippodamia variegata and Exochomus nigripennis suggest that A. gossypii was a more suitable host food. CONCLUSION Where both the psyllids and the aphids occur in pistachio orchards, especially under conditions of unlimited access to A. gossypii, C. undecimpunctata aegyptica, H. variegata and E. nigripennis may prefer to move from psylla-infested leaves of pistachio trees and travel to and stay on weeds to feed on A. gossypii. The value of using nutritional ecology as a means of understanding and predicting biocontrol outcomes and selecting better candidates for mass rearing is discussed. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amin Jalali
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - M Reza Mehrnejad
- Department of Plant Protection, Pistachio Research Institute of Iran, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Fateme Ranjbar
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ziaaddini
- Department of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Mirhosseini MA, Michaud JP, Jalali MA, Ziaaddini M. Paternal effects correlate with female reproductive stimulation in the polyandrous ladybird Cheilomenes sexmaculata. Bull Entomol Res 2014; 104:480-485. [PMID: 24661646 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485314000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Components of male seminal fluids are known to stimulate fecundity and fertility in females of numerous insect species and paternal effects on offspring phenotype are also known, but no studies have yet demonstrated links between male effects on female reproduction and those on progeny phenotype. In separate laboratory experiments employing 10-day-old virgin females of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (F.), we varied male age and mating history to manipulate levels of male allomones and found that the magnitude of paternal effects on progeny phenotype was correlated with stimulation of female reproduction. Older virgin males remained in copula longer than younger ones, induced higher levels of female fecundity, and sired progeny that developed faster to yield heavier adults. When male age was held constant (13 days), egg fertility declined as a function of previous male copulations, progeny developmental times increased, and the adult weight of daughters declined. These results suggest that male epigenetic effects on progeny phenotype act in concert with female reproductive stimulation; both categories of effects increased as a consequence of male celibacy (factor accumulation), and diminished as a function of previous matings (factor depletion). Male factors that influence female reproduction are implicated in sexual conflict and parental effects may extend this conflict to offspring phenotype. Whereas mothers control the timing of oviposition events and can use maternal effects to tailor progeny phenotypes to prevailing or anticipated conditions, fathers cannot. Since females remate and dilute paternity in polyandrous systems, paternal fitness will be increased by linking paternal effects to female fecundity stimulation, so that more benefits accrue to the male's own progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mirhosseini
- Department of Crop Protection, Agriculture College,Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan,Rafsanjan,Iran
| | - J P Michaud
- Department of Entomology,Kansas State University,Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Hays, Kansas,USA
| | - M A Jalali
- Department of Crop Protection, Agriculture College,Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan,Rafsanjan,Iran
| | - M Ziaaddini
- Department of Crop Protection, Agriculture College,Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan,Rafsanjan,Iran
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Kundu SS, Noor N, Jalali MA, Ramiz MS, Haque S, Parveen F. Synovial sarcoma of neck mimicking thyroid carcinoma. Mymensingh Med J 2014; 23:170-172. [PMID: 24584394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma (SS) in the neck is a very rare condition. Here we report a case of poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma in the neck of a 20 years old male patient presented with painless swelling in thyroid gland region. Initially he was diagnosed as thyroid mass clinically, by imaging and also by FNAC (Both in Bangladesh & India). But at surgery, it revealed paraoesophageal soft tissue tumor and subsequent histopathology showed synovial sarcoma. In young patient with neck swelling, the possibility of synovial sarcoma should be considered. As it does not have overall good prognosis, early detection and regular follow up is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Kundu
- Dr Shyam Sundar Kundu, Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging, National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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