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Nascimento VC, Rodrigues-Santos KC, Carvalho-Alencar KL, Castro MB, Kruger RH, Lopes FAC. Trichoderma: biological control efficiency and perspectives for the Brazilian Midwest states and Tocantins. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e260161. [PMID: 35946640 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is one of the world leaders in the agribusiness sector tending to directly influence a growing dependence on imported inputs, specifically synthetic agrochemicals. At the state level, in 2013, Tocantins stood out in first place in the ranking of agrochemical consumers, however, these products can cause several problems, such as poisoning to humans, environmental contamination, and increased resistance to phytopathogens. Biological control is an alternative to the use of agrochemicals towards eliminating pests naturally by using living organisms called Biological Control Agents (BCA). Currently, fungi of the Trichoderma genus are some of the most used organisms in biological pest control for their relevant characteristics that favor them in terms of survival in the environment, such as high capacity to adapt to ecological conditions, potential to colonize the rhizosphere of plants, mycoparasitism, production of volatile and non-volatile metabolites. In addition, it works on plant growth and productivity. In general, the use of Trichoderma favors the control of soil pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Sclerotinia, and nematodes. Thus, this review aims to demonstrate the importance of using Trichoderma in biological control, as well as to present an overview and perspectives of research developed by respondents in the Brazilian Midwest region and Tocantins state.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Nascimento
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Porto Nacional, TO, Brasil
| | - K C Rodrigues-Santos
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Porto Nacional, TO, Brasil
| | - K L Carvalho-Alencar
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Porto Nacional, TO, Brasil
| | - M B Castro
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Porto Nacional, TO, Brasil
| | - R H Kruger
- Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - F A C Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Porto Nacional, TO, Brasil
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2
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Machado M, Wilson TM, Sousa DER, Martins CS, Castro MB. Pit viper envenomation in a barn cat. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 60:131. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Machado
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; Universidade de Brasília; 910-970 Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - T. M. Wilson
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; Universidade de Brasília; 910-970 Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - D. E. R. Sousa
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; Universidade de Brasília; 910-970 Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - C. S. Martins
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; Universidade de Brasília; 910-970 Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - M. B. Castro
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; Universidade de Brasília; 910-970 Brasília, DF Brazil
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Labruna MB, Costa FB, Port-Carvalho M, Oliveira AS, Souza SLP, Castro MB. Lethal Fascioliasis in Capybaras ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in Brazil. J Parasitol 2018; 104:173-176. [PMID: 29185852 DOI: 10.1645/17-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda: Fasciolidae) causes fascioliasis, which affects mostly domestic ruminants and humans worldwide. This parasite has an Old World origin and was introduced into the New World by European colonizers. Capybara ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the largest living rodent species, with adults weighing over 60 kg. We report a fascioliasis outbreak caused by F. hepatica that reduced a capybara group from 21 to 2 animals within a 9-mo period. Animal infection and associated lesions were confirmed by postmortem examinations that revealed extensive liver damage associated with the presence of large number of adult and immature forms of F. hepatica. Both macroscopic and microscopic alterations in the liver were compatible with acute fascioliasis, which is characterized by a large parasite burden in the liver. Taxonomic identification of flukes collected from capybara livers were confirmed by molecular methods, which generated a mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase I (NDI) gene partial sequence that was 100% identical to a F. hepatica NDI sequence from the United Kingdom. This is the first report of deleterious effects caused by F. hepatica in capybaras, highlighting the potential harm caused by this exotic parasite in the capybara.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Labruna
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - F B Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - M Port-Carvalho
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - A S Oliveira
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - S L P Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
| | - M B Castro
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil
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Bouéres CS, Câmara ACL, Castro MB, Barbosa EF, Souza CA, Serakides R, Teixeira Neto AR. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour with metastasis and expression of endothelial differentiation factors in a horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Bouéres
- Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital; Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; University of Brasília; Granja do Torto Brasília Brazil
| | - A. C. L. Câmara
- Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital; Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; University of Brasília; Granja do Torto Brasília Brazil
| | - M. B. Castro
- Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital; Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; University of Brasília; Granja do Torto Brasília Brazil
| | - E. F. Barbosa
- Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital; Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; University of Brasília; Granja do Torto Brasília Brazil
| | - C. A. Souza
- Pathology Laboratory; Veterinary School; Federal Rural University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - R. Serakides
- Pathology Laboratory; Veterinary School; Federal Rural University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - A. R. Teixeira Neto
- Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital; Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine; University of Brasília; Granja do Torto Brasília Brazil
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Wright SA, Tucker JR, Donohue AM, Castro MB, Kelley KL, Novak MG, Macedo PA. Avian hosts of Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) and the detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in larvae feeding on the Oregon junco. J Med Entomol 2011; 48:852-859. [PMID: 21845945 DOI: 10.1603/me11001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Larval and nymphal western blacklegged tick, Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls (Acari: Ixodidae), were collected from birds, rodents, and lizards at Quail Ridge Reserve located in Napa County in northwestern California. Species from three vertebrate classes were sampled simultaneously from two transects during two consecutive spring seasons. Feeding larval and nymphal ticks were removed and preserved for counting, examination and testing for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt & Brenner. Mean infestations with I. pacificus subadults on lizards were 10.0, on birds 2.9, and on rodents 1.3. I. pacificus larvae (204) collected from 10 avian species and (215) collected from two rodent species were tested for the presence of B. burgdorferi s.s. via real-time polymerase chain reaction. Three B. burgdorferi-infected larvae were taken from two Junco hyemalis and two infected larvae from one Neotoma fuscipes Baird. This is the detection of B. burgdorferi ss in an Ixodes pacificus larvae feeding on a Junco hyemalis L., [corrected] in western North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Wright
- Sacramento-Yolo Mosquito and Vector Control District, 8631 Bond Rd., Elk Grove, CA 95624, USA.
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Szabó MPJ, Labruna MB, Garcia MV, Pinter A, Castagnolli KC, Pacheco RC, Castro MB, Veronez VA, Magalhães GM, Vogliotti A, Duarte JMB. Ecological aspects of the free-living ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on animal trails within Atlantic rainforest in south-eastern Brazil. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2009; 103:57-72. [PMID: 19173777 DOI: 10.1179/136485909x384956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In a recent ecological study of the ticks on animal trails within an area of Atlantic rainforest in south-eastern Brazil, Amblyomma aureolatum, A. brasiliense, A. incisum, A. ovale and Haemaphysalis juxtakochi were found questing on the vegetation. Most of the ticks recorded by a small, man-made dam on the forest border were A. dubitatum but a few A. brasiliense and A. cajennense, one A. incisum and one H. juxtakochi were also found. The seasonal activity of the ticks indicated that A. incisum and A. brasiliense had one generation/year. On the animal trails, most tick species and stages quested on the vegetation at a height of 30-40 cm above ground level. The questing larvae and adults of A. incisum tended to be found higher, however, with the greatest numbers recorded 40-50 cm (larvae) or 60-70 cm (adults) above ground level. Most of the adult ticks (81.1%-100%), nymphs (78.6%-100%) and larval clusters (100%) found on a forest trail remained questing at the same location over a 24-h period. Carbon-dioxide traps in the rainforest attracted <50% of the ticks observed questing on the nearby vegetation and, curiously, the CO2 traps set deep in the forest attracted far fewer ticks than similar traps set by the dam. The ecological relationships between the ticks, their hosts and the rainforest environment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P J Szabó
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Avenida Pará, 1720, Campus Umuarama - Bloco 2T, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Castro
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Service, University of Franca, Av Dr Armando Salles de Oliveira 201, CEP 14404-600, Franca, SP, Brazil
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Castro MB, Nicholson WL, Kramer VL, Childs JE. Persistent infection in Neotoma fuscipes (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) with Ehrlichia phagocytophila sensu lato. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001; 65:261-7. [PMID: 11693866 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dusky-footed wood rats (Neotoma fuscipes Baird) and two species of Peromyscus mice (P. maniculatus Wagner and P. truei Shufeldt) were collected over a 16-month period from three sites in Sonoma County, California. Blood was collected from 93 wood rats and 177 mice and serum or plasma was tested for seroreactivity with Ehrlichia phagocytophila sensu lato (also known as the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent). Thirty-five (37.6%) wood rats and 15 (8.5%) mice were seropositive. Positive Neotoma serology by site ranged from 9.4% to 62.1%. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for the Ehrlichia groESL heat shock operon was performed on all the seropositive and selected seronegative wood rats; 24 (68.6%) seropositive animals were PCR positive. Two seroconversions and no seroreversions were detected among 18 of the seropositive wood rats that were recaptured and tested multiple times (range = 2-6). Fourteen (77.8%) of the 18 were also PCR positive with six of these positive at every testing point (range = 2-6). One wood rat remained serologically and PCR positive in six specimens collected over a 14-month period. One male of 84 questing adult Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls collected was PCR-positive for E. phagocytophila. Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, was cultured from ear punch biopsies from six of seven E. phagocytophila seropositive and one of four seronegative wood rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Castro
- Vector-Borne Disease Section, Division of Communicable Disease Control, California Department of Health Services, Santa Rosa 95404, USA
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Schaffel R, Nucci M, Portugal R, Castro MB, Ferreira SB, Almeida L, Spector N, Pulcheri W. Thiabendazole for the treatment of strongyloidiasis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:821-2. [PMID: 11017840 DOI: 10.1086/314023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 21 patients with hematologic malignancies were given thiabendazole for treatment of strongyloidiasis. Fifteen patients were cured. Since there were no relapses, it is unlikely that maintenance therapy has a role in the management of strongyloidiasis in this population of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schaffel
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Nicholson WL, Castro MB, Kramer VL, Sumner JW, Childs JE. Dusky-footed wood rats (Neotoma fuscipes) as reservoirs of granulocytic Ehrlichiae (Rickettsiales: Ehrlichieae) in northern California. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:3323-7. [PMID: 10488199 PMCID: PMC85556 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.10.3323-3327.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dusky-footed wood rats (Neotoma fuscipes) and Peromyscus sp. mice (P. maniculatus and P. truei) were collected from one site in Placer County, one site in Santa Cruz County, and two sites in Sonoma County in northern California. Serum or plasma samples from 260 rodents were tested for antibodies to the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Of these, samples from 25 wood rats (34% of those tested) and 10 (8%) Peromyscus sp. mice were found to be seropositive, but only those from one site. PCR assays targeting the groESL heat shock operon were conducted on all seropositive specimens and a subset of seronegative blood specimens. Ehrlichial DNA was identified in 17 (68%) of the 25 seropositive wood rat blood samples and in 1 of the 10 (10%) Peromyscus sp. specimens. None of 40 seronegative blood samples was PCR positive. Both seropositive and PCR-positive animals were collected during each trapping period. One male tick out of 84 Ixodes pacificus adults collected was PCR positive; samples of Dermacentor occidentalis nymphs and adults were negative. Nucleotide sequences of amplicons from three wood rat blood specimens and from the single PCR-positive tick differed by one and two bases, respectively, from a sequence previously obtained from Ehrlichia equi. At one site in Sonoma County, wood rats had a concurrent high prevalence of seropositivity and PCR positivity, while other sigmodontine rodents collected at the site were only occasionally infected. We suggest that dusky-footed wood rats serve as reservoirs of granulocytic ehrlichial agents in certain areas of northern California. The tick species involved in the transmission of granulocytic ehrlichiae among wood rats remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Nicholson
- Viral and Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
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Malm O, Branches FJ, Akagi H, Castro MB, Pfeiffer WC, Harada M, Bastos WR, Kato H. Mercury and methylmercury in fish and human hair from the Tapajós river basin, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 1995; 175:141-50. [PMID: 8560242 DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is being released in the Amazon in an abusive way due to goldmining activities. The Tapajós river basin was the first to be intensively exploited in the modern Amazon gold rush. Fish and hair samples as the best indicators of human methylmercury contamination were investigated in the main cities and villages along the Tapajós river basin. The upper basin has typical fish fauna with much larger carnivorous fish with higher mercury levels reaching an average value of 0.69 microgram.g-1 wet wt. in 43 fish. This was accompanied by high levels in hair of the human population living in the same area. The maximum hair value reach 151 micrograms.g-1 dry wt. with two villages presenting an average value close to 25 micrograms.g-1 dry wt. An analytical laboratory intercalibration exercise was performed between Japanese and Brazilian laboratories for total mercury analysis. Critical fish, areas, and more exposed human groups are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Malm
- Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Ilha do Fundão, Brasil
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Martínez AH, Castro MB, Zabala Suárez JE. [Evaluation of the indirect hemagglutination test for trichinosis]. Rev Argent Microbiol 1980; 12:71-8. [PMID: 7348319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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